Working paper. Norwegian micro-entry continuing the Group D Germanic MERIT set after DE zuschreiben / gutschreiben and NL toeschrijven / crediteren / bijschrijven. Geometry from Lexical_Entry_Credit_Argument_Structure and NegQ association maps from Negative_Questions_Credit (Group D morphology / Case-cloth contrast). Constructed diagnostics diagnose Case clothes (til-Target + ACC Charge), V2 with no stranded particle, bli vs få, light-noun æren / fortjeneste, Voice filter, and the MERIT / FIN / ATT splits; they are not spontaneous-speech citations. English, Spanish, French, Italian, Japanese, Mandarin, German, Hungarian, and Dutch MERIT twins already live. ATT NO is live at attribute-att-no.html — keep the split.
Constructed examples. Frames below are packaging hypotheses aligned with the lexical entry, Tritransitive chat / Larson shells Group D notes, Index 2 Vol. 7, and the live DE and NL MERIT twins. Cause-true and settlement are not entailed — same missing defaults as English creditMERIT, attributeATT, and blame. Do not fake elicitation. FIN strings (godskrive) appear only as contrast pointers — do not deepen FIN. ATT on bare tilskrive is live at attribute-att-no.html — contrast pointer only on this MERIT page.
Sense-class · FIN/MERIT/ATT split (Group D named roots). Index 2 lists Norwegian Attitude as legge skylden på only (Vol. 7). This page deepens the merit / ascribe-positive reading as √ASCRIBE (+) in a Beyond Index 2 / Group D predicted cell. It links the blame string and does not invent an Index 2 listing for tilskrive. Group D splits morphology / packaging: tilskrive / light-noun æren / fortjeneste host MERIT; godskrive hosts FIN / ledger MeasureP / Account — pointer only. Shared bare tilskrive also hosts content-ascribe attributeATT — keep the split; ATT NO is live at attribute-att-no.html (parallel to live DE ATT on shared zuschreiben and live NL ATT on shared toeschrijven). MERIT has no MeasureP and no Account. Blame stays on legge skylden på.
Scout / deferred. Relative productivity of light-noun æren vs fortjeneste is scout-leaning — flagged, not fake-elicited. Companion anerkjenne (praise / recognition) is scout where natural — not ranked against √ASCRIBE. ATT NO on shared tilskrive is live at attribute-att-no.html. No fake elicitation. sell·Navajo still deferred.

Hierarchy

Same inventory as English creditMERIT, Romance twins, Japanese 功績を認める, Mandarin 归功于, German zuschreiben, Hungarian elismer, and Dutch toeschrijven. Not five-place. Not four sisters of one V. Surface count can name the investors, the early completion, and the contractor — but the lexicon does not list four co-arguments of √ASCRIBE / √TILSKRIV-.

Intended labeling (shared with English · Norwegian cloth)

√ASCRIBE (positive / meritorious) + VoiceJ(Judge) + Charge + Target  ·  hierarchy Cognizer / Judge > Charge / Content > Target

Voice introduces Judge (proto-Agent of the attitude). The ascription relates Target to Charge under positive / meritorious HOLD. Norwegian spells the productive cloth as ACC Charge + til-PP Target (tilskrive noe til noen). DAT is mostly gone, so there is no productive German-style dative Target and no productive Dutch-style bare IO Target. Light-noun on-geometry: tilskrive æren / fortjenesten til noen. bli promotes Charge. få is out. Optional high Affectee is not listed as an inner argument, and it is not spelled by a få-passive.

No MeasureP on MERIT. There is no verbal Amount+Denomination object unless Charge itself has been recoded as a share of credit (English lexical entry §5.4 hybrid — flag, do not deepen). Degrees that sneak in (hvor mye fortjeneste, partitives on Charge) live on the Abney spine of a light noun or of Charge — Left Branch Condition for sell / pay / chargeFEE / creditFIN does not apply as a verbal diagnostic here.

What Group D changes is Case morphology / PP clothes and the named MERIT/FIN packaging split. What it does not change is the inventory. Weather still satisfies Target and fails Judge. Cause-true is still not entailed. Target and Charge still do not invert at Transfer cost. Treating creditMERIT as Agent > Theme > Goal, collapsing it with ATT because both sit on shared tilskrive, or collapsing it with FIN because Norwegian can talk godskrive for ledger, predicts a MeasureP LBC host, a HAVE entailment, or a grammatical weather-as-Judge — none of those exist on MERIT.

Norwegian frames · Case clothes

Norwegian packages merit-ascribe without an English-style bare DOC of two ACC Themes and without a productive dative. Productive cloth: Charge ACC, Target til-PP. The finite verb is V2 and til- stays on the stem — there is no stranded particle of the German zu- / Dutch toe- type. Light-noun æren / fortjeneste parks the same verb (scout-leaning). Companion anerkjenne scout where natural (praise-adjacent). FIN uses godskrive for MeasureP / Account — different root; pointer only below. Keep MERIT on tilskrive / æren / fortjeneste.

  1. ✓ Investorene tilskrev den tidlige ferdigstillelsen til entreprenøren. til-Target · ACC Charge
  2. ✓ I går tilskrev investorene æren til entreprenøren. V2 · til- bound · not a stranded particle
  3. ✓ De har tilskrevet fortjenesten til entreprenøren. light noun · fortjeneste · scout-leaning
  4. ✓ De har tilskrevet æren til entreprenøren. light noun · æren · scout-leaning
  5. ✓ De anerkjenner entreprenørens fortjeneste. companion anerkjenne · scout-leaning
  6. ✓ Har de ikke tilskrevet den tidlige ferdigstillelsen til entreprenøren? polar NegQ · til-Target · ACC Charge
  7. ✓ Har de ikke tilskrevet æren til ham? polar NegQ · light noun · til ham = Target
  8. ✓ De tilskrev suksessen til ham. ham = Target inside til-PP; Charge ACC
  9. ✓ De tilskrev suksessen til det dårlige været. weather = Target OK
  10. ✓ Den tidlige ferdigstillelsen ble tilskrevet til entreprenøren. bli promotes Charge
  11. ✓ FIN pointer only: Styret har godskrevet 0,3 ETH på kontoen. FIN · godskrive · do not deepen
  12. ✓ ATT contrast (live · attribute-att-no): Rådet tilskrev den tidlige ferdigstillelsen til entreprenøren. ATT-leaning bare content-ascribe · same letters · keep MERIT/ATT split
  13. ✓ blame contrast (pointer): Komiteen la skylden for forsinkelsen på entreprenøren. blame · legge skylden på · Index 2
  14. * Har det dårlige været ikke tilskrevet suksessen til entreprenøren? weather as Judge
  15. * Investorene tilskrev entreprenøren den tidlige ferdigstillelsen. DAT mostly gone · no productive dative Target
  16. * I går skrev investorene æren entreprenøren til. no stranded particle (unlike DE zu- / NL toe-)
  17. * Entreprenøren fikk den tidlige ferdigstillelsen tilskrevet. få out · does not promote Target
  18. * Har de tilskrevet entreprenøren den tidlige ferdigstillelsen suksessen? no productive bare double ACC Theme DOC
  19. * Har de tilskrevet den tidlige ferdigstillelsen på entreprenøren? no blame på-cloth as Charge host for MERIT

NegQ baseline · association tracks ACC / Case object

✓ Har de ikke tilskrevet den tidlige ferdigstillelsen til entreprenøren? cheap = Charge ACC

✓ Har de ikke tilskrevet æren til ham? light noun · til ham Target

✓ Ble æren tilskrevet til entreprenøren? bli · promotes Charge

* Fikk entreprenøren æren tilskrevet? få out

✓ FIN contrast (pointer): Har styret ikke godskrevet 0,3 ETH på kontoen?

* Har det dårlige været ikke tilskrevet suksessen til noen? weather as Judge under Neg

* Har de tilskrevet entreprenøren ferdigstillelsen suksessen? no Neg-rescued DOC

# Har de ikke tilskrevet den tidlige ferdigstillelsen til entreprenøren? — meaning the contractor didn’t cause it. cause-true not a default

A bare Nei on the canonical NegQ most readily challenges the ascription event or the ACC object. Challenging the til-Target wants that content already under discussion. Negation does not grow a Theme+Theme DOC, does not restore a dative, does not strand a verb particle, and does not create a MeasureP on MERIT. HOLD is not cause-true — parallel to FIN’s missing payout default (HAS_ON_BOOKS ≠ spendable) and to blame’s missing cause-true default.

WH / NegQ diagnostics · no MeasureP LBC

Unlike sell / payGIVE / chargeFEE / bet / creditFIN, creditMERIT has no verbal MeasureP. There is therefore no Left-Branch Condition of the Amount-from-Denomination type on √ASCRIBE. Degrees that appear are DP-internal on Charge or on the light noun fortjeneste / æren.

  1. ✓ Hvem har ikke tilskrevet den tidlige ferdigstillelsen til entreprenøren? WH = Judge
  2. ✓ Hva har de ikke tilskrevet til entreprenøren? WH = Charge · ACC
  3. ✓ Til hvem har de ikke tilskrevet den tidlige ferdigstillelsen? WH = Target · til
  4. ✓ Hvor mye fortjeneste har de ikke tilskrevet til ham? degree on light noun · Abney-side, not verbal MeasureP
  5. * Hvor mye har de ikke tilskrevet av ferdigstillelse til entreprenøren? no verbal MeasureP LBC host on MERIT
  6. ✓ De tilskrev suksessen til det dårlige været. weather = Target · fine
  7. * Har det dårlige været ikke tilskrevet suksessen til entreprenøren? weather still not Judge
  8. * Hvem fikk den tidlige ferdigstillelsen tilskrevet? få does not promote Target

Superiority ranks Judge > ACC > til-PP. The productive cloth keeps Charge as Case object and Target as til-PP — parallel to German DAT Target + ACC Charge and Dutch IO / aan-Target, with the Case clothes changed. Cheap NegQ association tracks the ACC object. There is no ranking of Charge against a silent Purpose, Price, or Theme₂. Pied-piping til hvem is the Target question. A stranded verb particle (skrev … til) is not that question and is out.

til-Target ≠ FIN Account · ACC Charge ≠ MeasureP

til-Target = ascribee — not FIN wallet / Account, not bet Platform, not sell Recipient HAVE. ACC Charge = content of the attitude — not ledger Amount, not sell Price, not pay Consideration, not swap Theme₂. Group D: godskrive resumes FIN quantity / Account; MERIT stays on tilskrive / æren / fortjeneste.

Geometry · creditMERIT ≠ creditFIN ≠ legge skylden på ≠ attributeATT ≠ Transfer

In Investorene tilskrev den tidlige ferdigstillelsen til entreprenøren, the investors hold that the contractor is responsible for the early completion under meritorious evaluation. That is ascription, not HAVE of goods and not ledger INCREMENT. The contractor is Target. The early completion is Charge. HOLD is an attitude; MERITORIOUS(Target, Charge) is content, not a presupposed fact.

English twin spells to-frame Charge ACC / Target to and with-frame Target ACC / Charge with. Japanese twin spells Charge o + Target ni. Romance twins: Charge ACC / Target a/à; light-noun mérito/mérite/merito. German twin: productive DAT Target + ACC Charge; separable zu-; light-noun Verdienst. Dutch twin: productive IO Target + ACC Charge / aan-Target; separable toe-; light-noun verdienste / erkenning. Norwegian twin: productive til-Target + ACC Charge; no stranded particle; bli promotes Charge and få is out; light-noun æren / fortjeneste scout; anerkjenne companion scout-leaning. Weather OK as Target, not as Judge.

Shells, ApplP, and Case

Base tree (ascribe-merit · Norwegian clothes)

productive cloth (tilskrive noe til noen):
VoiceP  [ JudgeNOM
  vP / √ASCRIBE
    ACC               Charge
    PP_til            Target ]

Light-noun · scout-leaning:
VoiceP  [ JudgeNOM
  vP / √TILSKRIV-
    ACC               æren / fortjenestenN   (Charge-type / MERIT)
    PP_til            Target ]

bli-passive (promotes Charge):
VoiceP  [ ChargeNOM
  vP / √TILSKRIV-
    PP_til            Target ]

få-passive: out (no DAT IO left to promote)

Companion anerkjenne · scout-leaning:
VoiceP  [ JudgeNOM
  vP / √ANERKJENN-
    ACC               fortjeneste (Charge-type) ]

Norwegian MERIT never assigns four structural Cases of the English Theme+Theme DOC type, and it does not assign a productive dative. Charge is ACC; Target wears til-PP (or lives inside the light-noun cloth). No low ApplHAVE. No low ApplSWAP. No ApplTASK. No MeasureP (unless share-of-credit hybrid — flag). High Appl / Affectee is extra when present and is not a listed argument of √ASCRIBE. få does not supply that layer.

Composition is V(DP) on the ACC object. til-Target is a PP on the Abney spine of Target (same cut as German DAT / Dutch aan / English to / Romance a/à): V(DP) for Charge, not a Path. Early completion does not travel a path; the contractor is not an instrument. V2 puts the finite verb in second position. til- remains a prefix of that verb. The preposition til introducing Target is a different morpheme from a stranded separable particle.

Pronoun height: ham/henne/dem resume Target inside til-PP under light-noun and under many productive strings; den/det can resume Charge or the light noun. Inanimate Target is fine. Inanimate subject as Judge is not generated — that is the Voice filter, not a Case accident.

bli promotes Charge to subject. The Target stays in the til-PP. få does not promote Target, because the old dative is gone. There is no laten / lassen wrap that washes the Voice filter. Weather remains unable to be Judge.

Omission does not demote Charge to a pure adjunct. Selected Case layers are optional in the numeration; they are still arguments when present. The diagnostic is participanthood under Case, binding, and WH — not omitability. Charge clauses are islands in a way rationale adjuncts are not; there is no Neg-raising out of Charge.

bli promotes Charge · få out

✓ Ble den tidlige ferdigstillelsen ikke tilskrevet til entreprenøren? bli · Charge subject

* Ble entreprenøren den tidlige ferdigstillelsen tilskrevet? bli does not promote Target

* Fikk entreprenøren den tidlige ferdigstillelsen tilskrevet? få out

* Har det dårlige været ikke tilskrevet suksessen til entreprenøren? weather still not Judge

Underivables (Norwegian MERIT)

  1. * Har det dårlige været ikke tilskrevet suksessen til entreprenøren? weather / inanimate as Judge
  2. * Fikk det dårlige været suksessen tilskrevet til entreprenøren? få does not wash the Voice filter
  3. * Har de tilskrevet entreprenøren ferdigstillelsen suksessen? no productive Theme+Theme DOC
  4. * Investorene tilskrev entreprenøren den tidlige ferdigstillelsen. no productive DAT Target
  5. * I går skrev investorene æren entreprenøren til. no stranded particle
  6. * Hvor mye har de ikke tilskrevet av ferdigstillelse til entreprenøren? no verbal MeasureP LBC host on MERIT
  7. * Har de tilskrevet 0,3 ETH som fortjeneste til entreprenøren? FIN MeasureP ≠ MERIT Charge (unless share hybrid — flag)
  8. * Har de tilskrevet den tidlige ferdigstillelsen på entreprenøren? no blame på-cloth as Charge host for MERIT
  9. * Har de byttet entreprenøren mot den tidlige ferdigstillelsen? SWAP cloth ≠ ascribe-merit
  10. * Entreprenøren fikk den tidlige ferdigstillelsen tilskrevet. få out
  11. ✓ weather as Target: De tilskrev suksessen til det dårlige været. inanimate Target fine

Group D packaging · Norwegian continues Germanic MERIT

Group D (German, Dutch, Norwegian) is the Germanic Case-cloth / named-root contrast set already predicted for NegQ on blame / sell / bet / chargeFEE / credit. Same hierarchy as English creditMERIT. Norwegian hosts Charge as ACC and Target as til-PP, with light-noun æren / fortjeneste scout. The verb is V2 and does not strand a particle. bli promotes Charge; få is out. Pronouns resume Target inside til-PP. This tick is Norwegian MERIT only and continues the Group D Germanic MERIT set opened by DE (zuschreiben vs gutschreiben) and continued by NL (toeschrijven vs crediteren / bijschrijven). The Norwegian named-root split is tilskrive ≠ godskrive. English, Spanish, French, Italian, Japanese, Mandarin, German, Hungarian, and Dutch twins are live. godskrive stays a FIN pointer — not elicited as its own page. DE attributeATT and NL attributeATT are live. ATT NO on shared tilskrive is live at attribute-att-no.html — keep the ATT/MERIT split.

Open items

Corpus filenames

Primary extract for this micro-entry is Lexical_Entry_Credit_Argument_Structure (√ASCRIBE vs √CREDIT_LEDGER; Group D morphology / Case-cloth split). NegQ association maps from Negative_Questions_Credit (Groups A–D; DE zuschreiben vs gutschreiben; NL and NO ascribe vs ledger). Chat packaging: Tritransitive chats 23 (NegQ on credit · two-root · Groups A–D), 25 (credit attitude vs transfer), and 35 (credit argument-structure acceptability), plus Larson shells Group D (Norwegian tilskrive: V2, no stranded particle, til-Target, bli vs få, tilskrive ≠ godskrive). Index 2 Vol. 7 Norwegian Attitude cell prints legge skylden på only. Constructed NO frames diagnose packaging parallel to live DE and NL MERIT; they are not new elicitation.

Series placement: Norwegian sense×language twin of English creditMERIT, Spanish acreditar, French attribuer, Italian attribuire, Japanese 功績を認める, Mandarin 归功于, German zuschreiben, Hungarian elismer, and Dutch toeschrijven. Continues Group D Germanic MERIT. Sits Beyond Index 2 beside the Index 2 blame string legge skylden på. Keeps FIN at ledger godskrive (pointer only). ATT NO on shared tilskrive is live at attribute-att-no.html. Links live DE attributeATT and live NL attributeATT. Speculation flagged.

Index 2 citations for this class

Attitude / Evaluation citations from Index 2
CodeLanguageIndex 2 citationAs printed
ENEnglishblame EN micro-entry, creditMERIT EN micro-entry, attributeATT EN micro-entryVols. 1, 3
ESSpanishculpar ES micro-entry, creditMERIT · acreditar ES micro-entry, attributeATT · atribuir ES micro-entryVols. 3, 5
FRFrenchblâmer FR micro-entry, creditMERIT · attribuer FR micro-entry, attributeATT · attribuer FR micro-entryVols. 3, 5
ITItalianincolpare IT micro-entry, creditMERIT · attribuire IT micro-entry, attributeATT · attribuire IT micro-entryVols. 3, 5
HUHungarianhibáztat, okol, tulajdonít, elismer, jóváír · attributeATT · tulajdonít HU micro-entry · creditMERIT · elismer HU micro-entryVols. 3, 6
BGBulgarianобвинявам / виня, приписвам / отдавамVols. 3, 6
PLPolishobwiniać / winić, przypisywaćVols. 3, 6
DEGermanbeschuldigen, verantwortlich machen, zuschreiben · creditMERIT · zuschreiben DE micro-entry · attributeATT · zuschreiben DE micro-entryVol. 7
NLDutchde schuld geven, toeschrijven · creditMERIT · toeschrijven NL micro-entry · attributeATT · toeschrijven NL micro-entryVol. 7
NONorwegianlegge skylden på · Beyond Index 2: creditMERIT · tilskrive NO micro-entry · attributeATT · tilskrive NO micro-entryVol. 7

Languages Index 2 does not list for this class are left off the table. Japanese / Mandarin MERIT sit Beyond Index 2 Attitude cells at their twin pages. Norwegian tilskrive is also Beyond Index 2: Index 2 prints only legge skylden på for this cell.