attribute_ATT · attribuire

Hierarchy

Same inventory as English attribute_ATT, Spanish atribuir, French attribuer, Mandarin 归因于, and Japanese 帰する. Not five-place. Not four sisters of one V. Surface count can name the board, the early completion, the contractor, and an outer cause — but the lexicon does not list four co-arguments of √ASCRIBE.

No MeasureP on ATT. There is no verbal Amount+Denomination object unless Charge itself has been recoded as a quantified share (hybrid — flag, do not deepen as verbal MeasureP). Degrees that sneak in live on the Abney spine of Charge or of a light noun — Left Branch Condition for sell / pay / charge_FEE / credit_FIN does not apply as a verbal diagnostic here. Italian ne can resume a measured Charge quantity — Abney-side, not a verbal MeasureP.

What Group B changes is Case, clitics, and light-noun packaging. What it does not change is the inventory. Weather still satisfies Target and fails Judge. Cause-true is still not entailed. Charge and Target still do not invert at Transfer cost. Treating attribute_ATT as Agent > Theme > Goal, collapsing it with MERIT because both can sit next to Italian attribuire, or collapsing it with XFER/FIN because a can also mark Account, predicts a DOC, a HAVE entailment, a MeasureP LBC host, a productive with-frame, or a grammatical weather-as-Judge — none of those exist on ATT.

Italian frames · Case clothes

Romance packages ascribe-content without a productive DOC. Charge is the Case object; Target wears a. Cheap NegQ association and cheap WH track ACC = Charge. credit_MERIT advertises a with-style di/per flip and light-noun merito; bare attribute_ATT keeps the to-style cloth — Charge ACC / a-Target — and does not advertise MERIT’s with-flip as productive ATT packaging. XFER / FIN use accreditare (and related) for MeasureP / Account — different roots; pointer only below.

1. ✓ Il consiglio ha attribuito il completamento anticipato al contraente. to-style · ACC Charge · a-Target
2. ✓ Il rapporto ha attribuito il ritardo alla compagnia aerea. document-metonymy Judge · fine
3. ✓ Hanno attribuito il ritardo al cattivo tempo. weather = Target OK
4. ✓ Il completamento anticipato è stato attribuito al contraente. passive · Charge promoted
5. ✓ Non hanno attribuito il completamento anticipato al contraente? polar NegQ · to-style
6. ✓ Gli hanno attribuito il successo. gli = Target; Charge ACC
7. ✓ Light-noun scout: Hanno fatto un'attribuzione del ritardo al cattivo tempo. attribuzione · scout ranking
8. ✓ Hybrid quantified Charge: Il consiglio ha attribuito il 30 % dei risparmi al contraente. quantified Charge · not XFER MeasureP
9. ✓ XFER / FIN pointer only: Il consiglio ha accreditato 0,3 ETH su ogni portafoglio. FIN · accreditare · do not deepen
10. ✓ MERIT contrast (pointer): Gli investitori hanno riconosciuto il merito al contraente. MERIT light-noun · not bare ATT
11. ✓ blame contrast (pointer): Il comitato ha incolpato il cattivo tempo del ritardo. blame · ACC = Target
12. * Il cattivo tempo ha attribuito il ritardo alla compagnia aerea. weather as Judge
13. * Il consiglio ha attribuito al contraente il completamento anticipato. no productive DOC
14. * Il consiglio ha attribuito il contraente con il completamento anticipato. no with-frame (unlike credit_MERIT)
15. * Il consiglio ha attribuito il completamento anticipato sul contraente. no blame on-cloth / su-Target as Charge host
16. * Il consiglio ha attribuito il contraente per il completamento anticipato. no blame for-cloth / MERIT with-flip as productive ATT

A bare No on the canonical NegQ most readily challenges the ascription event or the ACC Charge. Challenging the a-Target wants that content already under discussion. Negation does not grow a double-object and does not create a with-frame or a MeasureP on ATT. HOLD is not cause-true — parallel to MERIT’s missing cause default and FIN’s missing payout default.

WH / NegQ diagnostics · no MeasureP LBC

Unlike sell / pay_GIVE / charge_FEE / bet / credit_FIN, attribute_ATT has no verbal MeasureP. There is therefore no Left-Branch Condition of the Amount-from-Denomination type on √ASCRIBE. Degrees that appear are DP-internal on Charge or on a light noun (attribuzione scout).

1. ✓ Chi ha attribuito il completamento anticipato al contraente? WH = Judge
2. ✓ Cosa ha attribuito il consiglio al contraente? WH = Charge · to-style
3. ✓ A chi ha attribuito il consiglio il completamento anticipato? WH = Target · a-cloth
4. ✓ Cosa è stato attribuito al contraente? passive Charge
5. ✓ Quanto del ritardo hanno attribuito al cattivo tempo? degree on Charge · Abney-side, not verbal MeasureP
6. * Quanto non hanno attribuito di completamento al contraente? no verbal MeasureP LBC host on ATT
7. ✓ Hanno attribuito il ritardo al cattivo tempo. weather = Target · fine
8. * Non hanno fatto attribuire il ritardo al cattivo tempo alla compagnia aerea? as weather-as-Judge under fare weather still not inner Judge

Superiority ranks Judge > ACC Charge > K-DP Target > outer. There is no ranking of Charge against a silent Purpose, Price, or Theme₂. Cheap NegQ association tracks the Case object (= Charge under the to-style cloth).

Geometry · attribute_ATT ≠ credit_MERIT ≠ incolpare ≠ attribute_XFER ≠ sell

In Il consiglio ha attribuito il completamento anticipato al contraente, the board holds that the early completion is ascribable to the contractor. That is ascription, not HAVE of goods and not ledger INCREMENT. The early completion is Charge. The contractor is Target. HOLD is an attitude; cause-true is not a presupposed fact. Polarity is more neutral / content-ascribe than MERIT’s positive HOLD.

• ≠ credit_MERIT (attribuire / riconoscere il merito). Shared √ASCRIBE family, shared Voice filter, and shared surface letters on bare attribuire; MERIT writes positive / meritorious polarity and advertises with-style di/per plus light-noun merito. Bare attribuire Charge a Target is the Index 2 Attitude companion and the closest Romance attribute_ATT cloth — keep the split: do not import MERIT with-flip acceptability onto ATT. Live at credit-merit-it.html.
• ≠ blame / √ASCRIBE_FAULT (incolpare). Blame ascribes fault; attribute ascribes content (polarity open). Blame’s ACC is typically Target (incolpare il contraente del ritardo); attribute’s ACC is Charge (attribuire il ritardo al contraente). Blame has light-noun colpa on-geometry; ATT’s light-noun scout is attribuzione, not FAULT.
• ≠ attribute_XFER / credit_FIN. Italian prefers accreditare for ledger MeasureP / Account (Il consiglio ha accreditato 0,3 ETH su ogni portafoglio) — cleaner letter split than Spanish. ATT has no MeasureP and no Account. Collapsing them because both can sit next to Italian a is the error the lexical entry was written to block. XFER stays at attribute-xfer.html; FIN IT at credit-fin-it.html — pointer only this tick for ledger strings.
• ≠ English DOC / Transfer invert. There is no productive bare DOC *hanno attribuito al contraente il completamento anticipato as the preferred ATT cloth. Negation does not rescue it. Transfer Themes invert under Romance swap NegQ; ATT Charge and Target do not.
• ≠ sell / Appl_HAVE / allocate_GOAL. No Appl_HAVE, no per-Price MeasureP, no optional HAVE Goal. Surface a on ATT is Target wrapper-K, not Goal address with MeasureP Theme.
• Missing defaults. Cause-true and settlement are not entailed. Non hanno attribuito il completamento anticipato al contraente? is compatible with the contractor not in fact causing the early completion.

English twin spells to-frame Charge ACC / Target to. Spanish twin: Charge ACC / Target a. French twin: Charge ACC / Target à. Mandarin twin: 把 Charge / 于 Target. Japanese twin: Charge o + Target ni. Italian twin: to-style Charge ACC / Target a; light-noun attribuzione scout. Weather OK as Target, *not* as Judge. Document-metonymy Judge OK.

Shells, ApplP, and Case

to-style (attribuire Charge a Target):
VoiceP  [ JudgeNOM
  vP / √ASCRIBE
    ACC               Charge
    PP_a              Target ]

*with-style (unavailable as productive ATT):
VoiceP  [ JudgeNOM
  vP / √ASCRIBE
    ACC / a-marked    Target
    PP_con / PP_di / PP_per    Charge ]   ← productive on creditMERIT; * on attributeATT

Light-noun scout:
VoiceP  [ JudgeNOM
  vP / √FARE·ATTRIBUIRE
    ACC               l'attribuzioneN   (Charge-type / content)
    PP_a / di…a       Target ]

Italian ATT never assigns four structural Cases. Charge is ACC; Target wears P. No low Appl_HAVE. No low Appl_SWAP. No Appl_TASK. No MeasureP (unless quantified-Charge hybrid — flag). High Appl / Affectee is extra when present and is not a listed argument of √ASCRIBE.

Composition is V(DP) on the ACC Charge. A is wrapper-K on the Abney spine (lexical entry §6.4; same cut as English attribute’s to / Spanish blame’s de): V(DP), not V(a(DP)). Early completion does not travel a path; the contractor is not a Goal with HAVE rights.

Clitic height: gli/le resume Target under many to-style strings; lo/la can resume Charge. Inanimate Target clitics are fine. Inanimate subject as Judge is not generated — that is the Voice filter, not a Case accident. Italian ne can resume measured Charge quantity — Abney-side.

Outer CAUSE_G (fare attribuire) wraps Voice. The causee, not the weather, is the Judge. *Non hanno fatto attribuire il cattivo tempo il ritardo alla compagnia aerea? keeps the inner Voice filter. Type A climbing unions Voice domains; Charge stays content and never climbs as a dative MeasureP.

Omission does not demote Charge to a pure adjunct. Selected P-layers are optional in the numeration; they are still arguments when present. The diagnostic is participanthood under Case, binding, and WH — not omitability. Charge clauses are islands in a way rationale adjuncts are not; there is no Neg-raising out of Charge.

Underivables (Italian ATT)

1. * Il cattivo tempo ha attribuito il ritardo alla compagnia aerea. weather / inanimate as Judge
2. * Il cattivo tempo non ha attribuito il ritardo a nessuno? Voice filter survives Neg
3. * Non hanno fatto attribuire il cattivo tempo il ritardo alla compagnia aerea? CAUSE_G wrap does not wash Voice filter
4. * Il consiglio ha attribuito al contraente il completamento anticipato. no productive DOC
5. * Cosa ha attribuito il consiglio al contraente il completamento? as DOC under WH missing DOC under WH
6. * Il consiglio ha attribuito il contraente con il completamento anticipato. no with-frame
7. * Quanto non hanno attribuito di completamento al contraente? no verbal MeasureP LBC host on ATT
8. * Il consiglio ha attribuito il completamento anticipato sul contraente. no blame on-cloth
9. * Hanno scambiato il contraente contro il completamento anticipato. as ascribe-content SWAP cloth ≠ ascribe-content
10. ✓ weather as Target: Hanno attribuito il ritardo al cattivo tempo. inanimate Target fine
11. ✓ document Judge: Il rapporto ha attribuito il ritardo alla compagnia aerea. metonymy Judge fine

Group B packaging · Italian closes Romance ATT

Group B (Spanish, French, Italian) is the Romance Case-cloth contrast set already used for NegQ on blame / sell / bet / charge_FEE / credit_MERIT. Same hierarchy as English attribute_ATT; Target wears a-PP; Charge is ACC. Clitics resume Target; si demotion targets Voice. This tick is Italian only and closes the Group B Romance ATT set after Spanish and French. English, Spanish, French, Mandarin, and Japanese twins are live at attribute-att.html, attribute-att-es.html, attribute-att-fr.html, attribute-att-zh.html, and attribute-att-ja.html. MERIT Romance twins already live and reuse attribuire for praise packaging — keep ATT/MERIT split. Group C (HU Focus, PL GEN-neg) stays predicted or scout. Group D DE attribute_ATT · zuschreiben is live (keep ATT/MERIT split vs MERIT DE).

Open items

• Light-noun attribuzione. Productivity vs bare attribuire is scout-leaning — flagged, not ranked.
• Quantified-Charge hybrid. ha attribuito il 30 % dei risparmi al contraente — Charge recoded as quantified share. Diagnostics: replaceable by ascribe, not by wire / accreditare; weather can wear the a-DP; the board can be wrong. Flagged, not deepened as verbal MeasureP on plain ATT.
• Type A fare + attribute_ATT. Outer CAUSE wraps a Judge event. Outer Neg can be cheap on the causing; the inner Voice filter survives. Not a new elicitation.
• XFER / FIN Italian. XFER remains at attribute-xfer.html; FIN IT live at credit-fin-it.html. Keep the split; do not merge pages.
• credit_MERIT with-frame contrast. Already live at credit-merit-it.html; do not import with-frame acceptability onto ATT.
• Bare attribuire vs MERIT light-noun overlap. Index 2 pairs incolpare, attribuire. MERIT may use attribuire / riconoscere il merito; ATT is bare content-ascribe. Keep split; do not collapse on this page.
• Navajo ATT. HANDLE packaging deferred; sell·Navajo also deferred.

Corpus filenames

Primary extract for this micro-entry is Lexical_Entry_Attribute_Argument_Structure (√ASCRIBE vs XFER; to-cloth; Voice filter). NegQ association maps from Negative_Questions_Attribute. Group A shell plate: Attribute_GroupA_Larson_Shells. Chat packaging: Tritransitive chats 15 (NegQ on attribute · ATT vs XFER) and 26 (attribute argument-structure). Romance Index 2 Attitude cites attribuire. Italian blame / MERIT twin geometry shared with blame-it.html and credit-merit-it.html. Constructed IT frames diagnose packaging; they are not new elicitation.