charge_FEE · facturer

Hierarchy

Same inventory as English charge_FEE. Not four-place. Surface count can name the shop, Pat, twenty euros, and the meal — and with fraud on file can tempt a fifth — but the lexicon does not list four (or five) co-arguments of √CHARGE_FEE / √FACTUR-.

€20 = vingt euros = one MeasureP. Orthography is not extra arity. Amount and Denomination are both listed inner arguments of that object. Composition is V(MeasureP), not V(n)(U).

Geometry is 1+2 with optional outer Consideration: one Initiator, one applied Source, one measuring object. That is the FROM dual of payer’s Appl_HAVE. It is not English DOC copied as two ACC Themes, not bet’s 1+3, and not vendre’s HAVE-goods + pour-Price.

Working hierarchy: Chargor_NOM > Payer/Source_DAT > MeasureP ⟨n,U⟩_ACC (> Consideration pour).

Companion débiter is the same √CHARGE_FEE cloth when it means levy/debit (Chargor NOM, Payer DAT, MeasureP ACC). When Destination is a card / account (débiter la carte), packaging risks charge_ACCOUNT — pointed, not merged this tick. Companion faire payer is Type A outer CAUSE wrapping FEE — not a new money object (Group B note).

French frames · Case clothes

No English DOC flip into two accusative Themes. MeasureP stays ACC. Payer is DAT (lui / à-PP) or silent. Consideration stays inside pour. Clitic clustering diagnoses FEE (le / la / les for MeasureP; lui for Payer) versus ACCUSE (le Target, de Accusation). en can resume a measure or a de-Domain; it does not split Amount from unit. Strings below are constructed from the Group B note; they are not field elicitation.

1. ✓ Le magasin a facturé vingt euros à Pat pour le repas. DAT Payer + ACC MeasureP + pour-Consideration
2. ✓ Le magasin a facturé vingt euros pour le repas. MeasureP ACC; Payer silent
3. ✓ Le magasin lui a facturé le repas. Payer DAT; MeasureP implicit / Consideration as ACC surface
4. ✓ Le magasin lui a facturé vingt euros. Consideration omitted
5. ✓ Ne lui a-t-on pas facturé vingt euros pour le repas ? canonical NegQ
6. ✓ On les lui a facturés. les = MeasureP; lui = Payer
7. ✓ On lui a débité vingt euros. companion débiter · same FEE geometry
8. ✓ On lui a fait payer vingt euros. Type A outer CAUSE wrapping FEE · not a new money object
9. ✓ Pat s’est vu facturer vingt euros. Payer-promoted passive / se voir · register-variable
10. * Le magasin a facturé vingt euros Pat. no reverse / bare DOC of MeasureP + Payer
11. * On lui a facturé fraude vingt euros. ACCUSE + FEE stacked
12. * On l’a accusé vingt euros. FEE MeasureP on ACCUSE verb
13. * Le mauvais temps lui a facturé vingt euros. Voice filter

MeasureP WH · denomination diagnostics

WH forces Amount ≠ Denomination inside one Case object of ACC. Verbal WH sees the MeasureP, not unit and degree as two objects of facturer. Same MeasureP pattern as English charge_FEE, payer’s Amount, and vendre’s Price — here the MeasureP is the fee (ACC Theme of the debit), not a pour-selected Price of sell.

1. ✓ Combien lui a-t-on facturé ? unit bound
2. ✓ Combien d’euros lui a-t-on facturés ?
3. ✓ Vingt de quoi lui a-t-on facturé ? de rescue
4. ✓ En quelle monnaie lui a-t-on facturé vingt ? en denomination rescue
5. * Quels vingt lui a-t-on facturés ? LBC / sortal mismatch
6. * Pour quels vingt lui a-t-on facturé le repas ? unit cannot ride out of Consideration pour · also Reason reading of pour quel
7. ✓ Que lui a-t-on facturé ? may answer euros / vingt euros / un couvert

Two constraints conspire on the stars: Left Branch Condition (Amount inside MeasureP; French cannot extract the degree and leave the unit stranded next to the verb), and sortal mismatch under bare que / quels when the remnant is a numeral. Rescues are vingt de quoi and en quelle monnaie — Group B spellings of English twenty of what / in what. en pronominalizes a measure or a de-Domain; it does not split Amount from unit (Group B note).

Geometry · charge_FEE ≠ payer ≠ vendre ≠ accuser

In Le magasin lui a facturé vingt euros, Pat is the person the money comes FROM. In On lui a payé vingt euros, Pat is the person the money goes TO. Same letter lui / à. The Appl is not the same. Follow-ups flip.

• ≠ payer / pay_GIVE. Shared MeasureP ⟨n,U⟩ and a human DAT. Split: HAVE of Amount vs FROM / DEBIT. e2 of payer is Recipient HAS the Amount. e2 of charge_FEE is debit / OWE of ⟨n,U⟩ on the Payer. Payment-true is a later pay event, not e2 of FEE. Clitic cheapness under Neg tracks ACC money on both — the Appl head still differs.
• ≠ vendre / sell. vendre: Recipient HAS goods (ACC); Price is pour-MeasureP. facturer: money is the ACC MeasureP of the debit; pour le repas is Consideration, not Price-as-Theme of pour on a HAVE-goods root. Pour combien d’euros ne lui a-t-il pas vendu… ? questions a Price. Combien d’euros ne lui a-t-on pas facturés… ? questions the fee.
• ≠ deduct. Shared FROM + MeasureP Hom. English deduct keeps Domain as from-PP. English charge_FEE can promote Payer to ACC (DOC-cloth). French does not copy that promotion as two ACC Themes. Payer is DAT; MeasureP keeps ACC.
• ≠ accuser / charge_ACCUSE. Ascription: Judge > Target > Accusation. No selected MeasureP. No Appl_FROM of money. *On lui a facturé fraude / *On l’a accusé vingt euros cross the clothes. Point the legal neighbour to charge-accuse.html and Attitude blame · blâmer.
• ≠ charge_ACCOUNT. to-card / to-account Destination is book-entry. débiter la carte is that risk for the companion. This page keeps FEE’s DAT Payer + ACC MeasureP; it does not merge Destination.
• Debit-true is e2. On lui a facturé vingt euros is true when ⟨20, euros⟩ is debited / owed on Pat. A follow-up that Pat never paid (n’a pas payé) does not deny the facturer event. Goods-HAVE is vendre’s e2. Guilt-true is irrelevant on FEE.

Shells, ApplP, and Case

VoiceP  [ le magasin
  (ReasonP / BenP)
  ApplP_FROM  [ PatDAT   [ Appl_FROM
    VP  [ √FACTUR-   [ MeasureP  [ Amount vingt ] [ N euros ] ] ] ] ]
  PP_pour  [ pour  [ le repas ] ] ]

Voice introduces Chargor. Appl_FROM introduces Payer as DAT. MeasureP sits as Incremental Theme of the debit (ACC). Consideration / Reason attach above the inner FROM. There is no Recipient HAVE shell and no English DOC of Payer-ACC + MeasureP-ACC. Putting one in is how the four-place accident is written.

French never assigns four structural Cases. No reverse DOC (*a facturé vingt euros Pat). Passive / se voir may promote Payer or MeasureP when the other is dropped — never the money into a Recipient slot of HAVE.

Proto-roles are shell-local. Chargor is a partial Proto-Agent (institution, script, clerk, meter). Payer is Proto-Source, not Proto-Recipient. MeasureP is Incremental Theme of the debit; Hom on ⟨n,U⟩. Denomination is not a fifth theta role.

∃e [ CHARGE(e)
  ∧ INIT(e, magasin)
  ∧ FROM(e, pat)
  ∧ TH(e, ⟨20, euros⟩)
  ∧ CONSID(e, repas) ]

Type A faire wrapping of FEE (faire facturer… / faire payer…) is outer CAUSE, not a new money object (Group B note). Consideration never becomes Causee Case. Faire payer is the named companion for that wrapping — still √CHARGE_FEE under CAUSE, not a fifth GF.

Underivables (French)

1. * Le magasin a facturé vingt euros Pat. no reverse / bare DOC
2. * Quels vingt lui a-t-on facturés ? LBC · Amount ≠ stranded unit
3. * Pour quels vingt lui a-t-on facturé le repas ? unit out of Consideration pour
4. * On lui a facturé fraude vingt euros. ACCUSE + FEE stacked
5. * On l’a accusé vingt euros. FEE MeasureP on ACCUSE
6. * On a facturé Pat de fraude. ACCUSE de on FEE
7. * Le mauvais temps lui a facturé vingt euros. Voice filter
8. * Le repas a été facturé Pat vingt euros. Consideration ≠ passivizable object of FEE

Group B packaging · this tick French only

Group B (Spanish, French, Italian) is the Romance Case-cloth contrast set already used for NegQ on sell / blame / bet. Same hierarchy as English charge_FEE; different host of Payer (DAT / à-PP, not DOC ACC) and Consideration letter (pour here; Spanish por; Italian per). Clitic clustering diagnoses FEE (le / les for MeasureP; lui for Payer) versus ACCUSE (le Target, de Accusation). en / ne pronominalize a measure; they do not split Amount from unit. This page is the French micro-entry. English, Japanese, Spanish, and Italian twins are live at charge-fee.html, charge-fee-ja.html, charge-fee-es.html, and charge-fee-it.html. Group C / D packaging stay predicted or scout — not elicited here.

Open items

• Italian twin. Live at charge-fee-it.html (addebitare / far pagare). Group B Romance FEE set closed.
• débiter ACCOUNT risk. Destination-to-card packaging (débiter la carte) may be FEE cloth or charge_ACCOUNT. NegQ treats Destination as a different cheapness profile from DAT Payer — keep the split; controlled elicitation, not invented judgments.
• Faire payer vs faire facturer. Both Type A outer CAUSE; whether register prefers one over the other for invoice vs levy remains open. Neither adds a money object.
• Payer-promoted passive. Pat s’est vu facturer vingt euros is register-variable; flagged open, not closed.
• Japanese ni vs o on the Payer of 請求 remains scout-open on charge-fee-ja.html.
• Group A Mandarin twin (scout) live at charge-fee-zh.html. Navajo and Group C / D fee roots remain scout / predicted. No fake elicitation.

Corpus filenames

Primary extract for this micro-entry is the Group B Romance paragraph of the charge lexical entry (French facturer / faire payer / débiter vs accuser; clitic clustering). Geometry is shared with the English, Japanese, and Spanish FEE micro-entries. Notes also live in site-seed/charge-fee-ja-notes.txt (Group B block). DOCX originals under the Tritransitive lit tree. Constructed FR frames diagnose packaging; they are not new elicitation.