Working paper.
French-only micro-entry from Tritransitive Group B Romance on bet (Bet_Darshawn_Why_Should_Would_GroupB_Romance, Bet_Thread_Sentences_GroupB_Romance, Bet_GroupB_Larson_Shells, Bet_Lamont_Against_DOGE_GroupB_Romance), sharing 1+3 geometry with Lexical_Entry_Bet_Argument_Structure and the English / Spanish micro-entries. Constructed diagnostics diagnose Case, clitics, MeasureP, contre vs échanger, and DOC refusal; they are not spontaneous-speech citations. Italian scommettere companions in the same DOCX are pointed only.
Constructed examples.
Frames below are packaging hypotheses aligned with Volume 5 and the Romance bet supplements. Commitment-true is e0–e2. Settlement (win/lose) is not a default of √BET / √PARI-. Do not fake elicitation.
Arity cut.
Index 2 lists French parier under Risk / Betting with hierarchy Agent > Stake > Proposition > Platform. The entry refuses a four-place lexical atom and a fifth Denomination sister. Surface four participants are 1+3: Voice Initiator plus three non-interchangeable inner relations. Counterparty is low Appl (à / lui) or contre AGAINST — not a fifth primitive. No Romance DOC. French à is Counterparty cloth only; Content is que (unlike Spanish’s dual a).
Scout / deferred.
Italian scommettere shares the Group B DOCX but is not a micro-entry this tick. Group A (ZH/JA/NV), Inner-European Focus/clusters, and Germanic correlative Content packaging remain labeled elsewhere. No fake elicitation.
Hierarchy
Same inventory as English bet and Spanish apostar. Not tetravalent. Naming Suzanne, 0,2 BTC, Trump-beats-Hillary, and Kalshi is the wrong kind of honesty if written as four co-arguments of √BET / √PARI-. A grid of four sisters predicts four structural Cases and free inversion. Bet is 1+3: one Initiator plus Stake, Content, and optional Platform — not interchangeable.
Intended labeling (shared with English · French cloth)
√PARI- + Stake MeasureP ⟨Amount, Denomination⟩ACC + CONTENT(que-CP / sur-NP) + (LOCATION sur Platform) + (Appl_CP à/lui Counterparty ∨ contre AGAINST)
Voice introduces Initiator. Stake is one MeasureP ⟨n, U⟩ as the unique ACC object — Amount and Denomination are both listed inner arguments of that object. Content is the contingent winning condition (que-CP with conditional / future, or sur-NP packaging). Platform is peripheral Loc (sur). Counterparty is DAT à doubled by lui (Appl_CP) or opposing-stake contre — not a fifth root argument and not a second ACC.
0,2 BTC = one MeasureP. n and U compose Abney-side. Composition of the verb is V(MeasureP), not V(n)(U). U receives Case only as the audible head of that Stake object (BTC a été parié). It does not receive a second ACC next to 0,2. French en resumes the whole QP, never U minus n; y resumes Loc.
Hierarchy speakers use (Index 2 / Volume 2): Agent > Stake⟨n,U⟩ > Proposition > Platform. What Group B changes is Case, clitics, and the refusal of English DOC. What it does not change is the inventory. Settlement is still not entailed. Platform still does not promote.
French frames · Case clothes
No productive English-style DOC flip. *parier Brooke un bitcoin as the English bet Brooke $20 twin is out. Stake stays ACC MeasureP. Content is que-CP / sur-NP. Counterparty is DAT à / lui or contre. Platform is sur. Romance clitics resume QP (en), Loc (y), and person (lui) — never U stripped of n, never Platform as object. French does not need Spanish’s two-a demonstration: à (Appl_CP) and que (Content) already differ.
- ✓ Suzanne a parié 0,2 BTC que Trump battrait Hillary sur Kalshi. Stake ACC + que-Content + sur-Loc
- ✓ Suzanne a parié 0,2 BTC sur Trump. Stake + sur-NP Content (diagnose carefully vs Loc)
- ✓ Suzanne a parié BTC que Trump gagnerait. Bare-U Stake ⟨silent-n, U⟩
- ✓ Tom a-t-il parié 0,0041 BTC à Dick ou à Harry que Trump battrait Biden sur Prizepicks ? Appl_CP DAT + Stake + que + Loc · legal S1-FR ≈ English S2
- ✓ Pourquoi Darshawn devrait-il parier un bitcoin entier sur Prizepicks contre Brooke ? devrait + INF · AGAINST · Loc
- ✓ Pourquoi Darshawn parierait-il un bitcoin entier sur Prizepicks contre Brooke ? COND on V · WOULD
- ✓ Lamont peut-il parier un bitcoin entier contre le DOGE de Shaneeqa que les Padres gagnent sur Prizepicks ? contre + opposing-stake MeasureP cloth
- ✓ Suzanne a parié que Trump gagnerait. Content only; Stake implicit
- ? Tom a-t-il parié à Dick 0,0041 BTC que Trump gagnerait sur Prizepicks ? DAT before MeasureP · scramble of legal S1
- * Tom a-t-il parié Dick 0,0041 BTC que Trump gagnerait ? no Romance DOC
- * Pourquoi Darshawn devrait-il parier Brooke un bitcoin entier ? DOC · two ACC
- * Pourquoi Brooke devrait-elle être pariée un bitcoin entier ? Counterparty ≠ promotee
- * Prizepicks a été parié 0,2 BTC que Trump gagnerait. Platform ≠ Spec,T
Events · settlement not entailed
✓ Suzanne a parié 0,2 BTC que Trump gagnerait — true on election night (e0–e2 commitment).
WIN(e,w) iff CONTENT(e) is true in w and e is settled in w. Parier(e) does not entail WIN or LOSE. Quantized ⟨n,U⟩ bounds e; a long proposition does not.
à vs que · two heads (French intra-B fact)
à Dick = Appl_CP Counterparty wrapper. que Trump… = Content. French does not collapse them under one phonology the way Spanish a can. contre Brooke is AGAINST (opposing stake), competing with à/avec CP cloth — not stacked with a fee-Recipient and not Theme₂ of échanger.
✓ Tom a-t-il parié 0,0041 BTC à Dick que Trump battrait Hunter sur Prizepicks ?
SHOULD vs WOULD height (Group B)
devrait-il + INF parier = deontic modal verb + infinitive (two verbal heads, one event; French T-to-C inversion on the modal). parierait-il = synthetic conditional on the lexical verb (one head; inversion on parierait). The conditional hunts si harder — do not flatten fee-offer si on parie en USDC onto e1 of parier.
✓ Pourquoi Darshawn devrait-il parier un bitcoin entier sur Prizepicks contre Brooke alors que DraftKings offre zéro frais sur les matchs du Super Bowl si on parie en USDC ?
✓ Pourquoi Darshawn parierait-il un bitcoin entier sur Prizepicks contre Brooke alors que DraftKings offre zéro frais … si on parie en USDC ?
MeasureP WH · passive / clitic diagnostics
WH and passive force Amount ≠ Denomination inside one ACC Stake object. Verbal WH sees the MeasureP, not unit and degree as two objects of parier. Same MeasureP pattern as English bet and as sell’s Price / payGIVE’s Amount — here the MeasureP is ACC Stake. Clitic en resumes the QP; y resumes Loc; lui resumes a person — none is U minus n.
- ✓ Qu’a parié Suzanne que Trump gagnerait sur Kalshi ? 0,2 BTC / BTC / 0,2 bitcoin
- ✓ Combien de BTC Suzanne a-t-elle parié sur Trump sur Kalshi ?
- ✓ 0,2 BTC a-t-il été parié que Trump gagnerait sur Kalshi ?
- ✓ BTC a-t-il été parié que Trump gagnerait sur Kalshi ? bare U in Spec,T
- ✓ N’a-t-on pas parié un bitcoin entier sur Prizepicks contre Brooke ? on · impersonal / generic
- ✓ Pourquoi un bitcoin entier devrait-il être parié sur Prizepicks contre Brooke ? être + agreement · QP promotee
- * Combien Suzanne a-t-elle parié BTC sur Trump sur Kalshi ? LBC · Amount ≠ stranded unit
- * Quel 0,2 Suzanne a-t-elle parié sur Trump sur Kalshi ? numeral remnant
- * 0,2 a-t-il été parié BTC sur Trump sur Kalshi ? Amount ≠ nominative without unit as separate sister
- * Kalshi a-t-il été parié 0,2 BTC que Trump gagnerait ? Platform ≠ passivizable object
- * En a parié Suzanne BTC sur Trump ? en ≠ U minus n as stranded remnant
- * Lui a-t-elle parié contre Brooke ? lui ≠ unit; contre ≠ DAT double
Two constraints conspire on the LBC stars: Amount lives in Spec,MeasureP / DegP (French cannot extract the degree and leave the unit stranded next to the verb), and sortal mismatch under bare que/quel when the remnant is a numeral. Superiority ranks Agent > Stake > Proposition > Platform. Denomination does not get its own verbal slot unless recoded (quel jeton, en quelle monnaie).
Clitic resume map (Group B)
en → Stake QP (one object). y → Loc Platform. lui / leur → Appl_CP person (à Dick), not contre, not U. Aux–participle split (a parié / être parié) is the French packaging of the same QP-promotee cut as Spanish ser apostado. Same pairing moral as Clitic_Doubling_and_MeasureP_Pairings — do not restamp.
Geometry · parier ≠ échanger ≠ payer / vendre MeasureP host
In Suzanne a parié 0,2 BTC que Trump gagnerait sur Kalshi, the inner measuring argument is Stake at risk under a contingent Content. That is commitment-to-risk, not completed exchange and not purpose-restriction.
- ≠ échanger / swap. Theme₁ ↔ Theme₂ invert at lowest cost under Appl_SWAP. Stake ↔ Proposition does not. Platform never promotes. contre on parier is AGAINST of wager, not Theme₂ of échanger X contre Y. *échanger un bitcoin contre Brooke under parier is the wrong root and the wrong type — person-Brooke makes the SWAP coerce worse, not better. Homonymy of contre is the open French cell (cousin of German gegen).
- ≠ earmark. Earmark 14M BTC for new technology restricts Resource for Purpose. Purpose is not Content (no WIN condition). Settlement of a wager is not entailed on either root.
- ≠ payGIVE / payer / vendre. Shared currency nouns and MeasureP ⟨n,U⟩ do not merge the roots. Payer: Recipient HAS Amount (ACC money). Vendre: Recipient HAS goods; Price is pour-MeasureP. Parier: Stake is ACC MeasureP at risk; no Appl_HAVE Recipient of the money as default e2. DAT à on parier is Appl_CP cloth, not HAVE-Recipient of pay.
- ≠ blame / attribute à. Parier sur Kalshi names Platform (locative outer). Blâmer le climat du retard names Target. Extraction, passivization, and weather-ok status follow different filters.
- Commitment-true is e0–e2. A follow-up Non — elle n’a jamais rien mis en risque denies the commitment. Non — Trump n’a pas gagné denies CONTENT truth or settlement, not the bet event itself.
Shells, ApplP, and Case
Base tree (French canonical · Larson-shell sketch · Group B)
VoiceP [ Suzanne
ApplP / VP₁ [ Stake MeasureP [ Amount 0,2 ] [ N BTC ]
VP₂ [ √PARI-
Content [ que Trump gagnerait ]
LocP [ sur Kalshi ] ] ]
(Appl_CP [ à Dick ]_DAT · or PP_contre [ contre Brooke ])
Only Agent and Stake receive structural Case from the verbal domain in the no-partner frame. Proposition and Platform are PP/CP. Legal Counterparty packaging adds Appl_CP as DAT à doubled by lui; U never gets a second ACC. English DOC bare first object is the illegal Romance step. Hom(m, e) is a homomorphism from the quantity of the pair ⟨n,U⟩, not from U alone and not from n alone. Silent n: MEASURE(e, ⟨∃n, BTC⟩) — the semantics of BTC a été parié and of Qu’a parié ? → BTC.
Theta roles — still no new names. Agent, Measure, Content, Location already exist. Denomination is not a fifth theta role; it is the unit argument of Measure. Proto-Patient on the quantity scale is computed of the MeasureP; U inherits Patient-hood from the object it heads when n is silent.
Voice filter: weather fails Initiator of a wager; institutional bookmakers and platforms as outer Agent of a different packaging are open/scout, not elicited here. On a parié BTC is the usual French impersonal / generic packaging; être parié with agreement puts the QP in Spec,T — same cut as GroupB_se_vs_ser_Case / être promotee.
Neo-Davidsonian sketch (shared with English entry §6)
∃e [ COMMIT_WAGER(e)
∧ INITIATOR(e, suzanne)
∧ MEASURE(e, ⟨0.2, BTC⟩)
∧ CONTENT(e, ∧trump_beats_hillary)
∧ LOCATION(e, kalshi)
∧ ∀w′ ∈ Settle(e) [ win(e,w′) ↔ trump_beats_hillary(w′) ] ]
Legal S1 chain sketch (Thread Sentences Group B · French)
CP [ a-t-il_T {avoir inverted}
TP [ Tom
VoiceP [ ApplP [à Dick ou à Harry]
VP [ MeasureP_2 [ que CP_4 ] [ sur Prizepicks ] ] ] ] ]
√PARI- realized as participle parié under avoir
lui may double DAT _3, not MeasureP. à = Appl_CP; que = Content (already distinct). en would resume MeasureP on a different string; y resumes Loc. English S2 ≈ French S1.
Underivables (French)
- * Tom a-t-il parié Dick 0,0041 BTC que Trump gagnerait ? no Romance DOC
- * Pourquoi Darshawn devrait-il parier Brooke un bitcoin entier ? DOC · two ACC
- * Pourquoi Brooke devrait-elle être pariée un bitcoin entier ? Counterparty ≠ DOC/passive object
- * Combien Suzanne a-t-elle parié BTC sur Trump sur Kalshi ? LBC · Amount ≠ stranded unit
- * 0,2 a-t-il été parié BTC sur Trump sur Kalshi ? Amount ≠ nominative without unit sister
- * Kalshi / Prizepicks a-t-il été parié 0,2 BTC ? Platform ≠ Spec,T
- * En a parié Suzanne BTC ? en ≠ U minus n as remnant
- * Lui a-t-elle parié contre Brooke ? lui ≠ unit; contre ≠ DAT double of Appl_CP
- * Suzanne a parié 0,2 les joueurs BTC. U ≠ second verbal ACC
- * échanger un bitcoin contre Brooke under √PARI- SWAP coerce · wrong root / wrong type
Group B packaging · this tick French only
Group B (Spanish, French, Italian) is the Romance Case-cloth contrast set for bet: same 1+3 WAGER geometry as English; different host of Counterparty (DAT a / à or comitative con, not DOC ACC) and Content letter (a que / que / che). AGAINST splits as contra / contre / contro vs CP cloth. Clitics: en/ne resume QP; y/ci resume Loc; le/lui/gli resume a person. French adds the aux–participle split and the contre ↔ échanger Theme₂ homonymy cell. This tick is French only. Italian scommettere shares the DOCX and may be briefly pointed; full sense×language page for Italian is a later queue tick. English and Spanish twins are live at bet.html and bet-es.html.
Open items
- Italian micro-entry. Same Group B geometry; IT con vs contro cleanest high/comitative vs opposing-stake cut. Deferred — do not invent depth this tick.
- contre vs échanger. Homonymy cell: OPP_STAKE of parier vs Theme₂ of échanger. Person-Brooke makes SWAP coerce worse. Listed as open; do not merge the two contre’s.
- Counterparty height. Low Appl_CP (à/lui) vs contre AGAINST vs high Affectee / faire parier FI DAT — listed; full NegQ battery remains companion work (Lamont Against Group B).
- Dual-denomination / LP as Stake. Pair-name units stay one ⟨n,U⟩ inside MeasureP (same moral as pay/sell/deduct). Not elicited as a separate frame here.
- sur-NP Content vs Loc. parier sur Trump can read Content-NP or lean Platform under different contexts — diagnose carefully; do not collapse Content and Loc under one sur.
- Assertional / “bet the farm” polysemy. Proto-role re-weighting filed under Volume 3; not a second root on this page.
- Group A / C–D. Japanese particles, Mandarin 把, Navajo periphrasis, Hungarian Focus, Germanic correlative Content — Volume agenda; scout / predicted, not elicited here.
Corpus filenames
Primary extracts for this micro-entry are Group B Romance why-should/would, thread sentences, Larson shells, and AGAINST/contre notes on bet. Geometry is shared with the English lexical entry. DOCX originals under the Tritransitive lit tree (lit/grok-tritransitive/files/). This tick uses French rows from those Group B files plus the shared English / Spanish baseline — not a full re-transcription of every Romance thread sentence.
- Bet_Darshawn_Why_Should_Would_GroupB_Romance.docx primary · FR frames / DOC refusal / SHOULD–WOULD height / contre
- Bet_Thread_Sentences_GroupB_Romance.docx primary · S1/S2/S3 · à vs que · clitics · aux–participle
- Bet_Lamont_Against_DOGE_GroupB_Romance.docx primary · contre AGAINST · échanger homonymy
- Bet_GroupB_Larson_Shells.docx shell / DOC cut summary
- Lexical_Entry_Bet_Argument_Structure.docx shared 1+3 geometry with English
- Swap_vs_Bet_Shaneeqa_DOGE_GroupB.docx SWAP coerce / contre companion
- PDF2_Bet_Core_Paradigms.pdf Vol. 2 English + Groups A–D
Series placement: French sense×language twin of English bet and Spanish apostar. Feeds WH-Raising of Denominations and Pied-Piping MeasureP under Group B cloth. Closes the French risk-class cell for 1+3 bet. Does not invent IT elicitation. Does not reopen Type A / Type B causation-chain papers.
Index 2 citations for this class
Risk / Betting citations from Index 2
| Code | Language | Index 2 citation | As printed |
|---|
| EN | English | bet EN micro-entry, wager | Vols. 1, 2, 3 |
|---|
| ES | Spanish | apostar ES micro-entry | Vols. 2, 5 |
|---|
| FR | French | parier FR micro-entry | Vols. 2, 5 |
|---|
| IT | Italian | scommettere | Vols. 2, 5 |
|---|
| HU | Hungarian | fogad (betting sense; also ‘receive’) | Vols. 2, 3, 6 |
|---|
| BG | Bulgarian | залагам / обзалагам се | Vols. 2, 6 |
|---|
| PL | Polish | stawiać / postawić, obstawiać, założyć się | Vols. 2, 6 |
|---|
| DE | German | wetten | Vols. 2, 7 |
|---|
| NL | Dutch | wedden | Vol. 7 |
|---|
| NO | Norwegian | satse | Vol. 7 |
|---|
| JA | Japanese | kakeru | Vols. 2, 4 |
|---|
| ZH | Mandarin | dǔ | Vols. 2, 4 |
|---|
| NV | Navajo | no dedicated four-place stem; periphrastic no stem given | Vol. 4 |
|---|
Languages Index 2 does not list for this class are left off the table. Non-French rows other than the English and Spanish twins are class citations, not sense×language micro-entries this tick.