bet · 赌 (dǔ)

Examples

Argument difference. English can package the Opponent and the Stake as two bare objects: bet Paul 5 BTC, a double object plus a that-clause. Mandarin puts the Opponent in a preverbal 跟-phrase and allows one object, which 把 may front as a whole QP. A packaging with the Opponent and the Stake as two bare objects after 赌 is not available. A second 把 is not available, and 把 does not front the Opponent or the platform. Those unavailable packagings are described here in prose only. Romance takes another route: the person is a dative or a contra / contre / contro phrase. Japanese puts the Opponent in comitative と and keeps one を on the Stake. See bet · Japanese.

Strings below are constructed, from the Group A research notes or modelled on them. They are not spontaneous-speech citations and not dictionary lines. 打赌 and 下注 appear only as companions.

1. ✓ Suzanne 跟 Kim 把 0.2 个比特币赌特朗普会赢，在 Kalshi 上。 constructed · four places · 把 fronts the whole QP
2. ✓ Suzanne 在 Kalshi 上赌了 0.2 个比特币，赌特朗普会赢。 constructed · same places · Stake postverbal · platform preverbal, as in the should/would order
3. ✓ Suzanne 把比特币赌在特朗普上。 constructed · bare unit as the object · silent amount inside one QP · side in 赌在
4. ✓ Suzanne 赌特朗普会赢。 constructed · Proposition only · Stake unprinted · cousin of the dictionary’s second sense, “泛指争输赢”, which prints no Stake
5. ✓ 为什么 Darshawn 会在 Prizepicks 上对 Brooke 赌一整枚比特币？ constructed · notes’ (W-ZH) · 会 above the wager
6. ✓ 一整枚比特币为什么要被赌在 Prizepicks 上对 Brooke？ constructed · notes’ (Z-S) · 被 promotes the Stake QP · 对 stays
7. ✓ 跟 Paul 赌了什么？ constructed · notes’ object WH · answer is the Stake QP
8. ✓ 把多少比特币跟 Paul 赌了？ constructed · degree WH inside the 把-QP · one object

对, 跟, 给, 被

Four markers sit near this verb in the notes. The working claims below are revisable. The extracts are analyses, not an elicitation.

对 is AGAINST (revisable). English against Brooke covers the person and, with a possessive, the opposing stake. The notes split those the way Japanese splits に対して from comitative と: Mandarin 对 versus 跟. 对 Brooke is the person bet against. 跟 Brooke is the Opponent. 对 Shaneeqa 的 DOGE is the opposing stake. They do not fuse into one seat. This page does not rank a further height difference inside 对.

给 is a different root (revisable). The Larson panel calls 给 HAVE-coercion. On pay_GIVE · 付, 给 introduces a Recipient who comes to HAVE the amount. A wager’s Opponent does not come to HAVE the Stake, because settlement is not entailed. Recruiting 给 next to this meaning is a different numeration, not a second object of 赌 and not a spelling of 跟. The extracts do not print a clause in which 给 is the Opponent of 赌. The claim stays a note, not a paradigm.

被 promotes the Stake (revisable). Active 把 and passive 被 see the same patient: the Stake QP. In 一整枚比特币为什么要被赌在 Prizepicks 上对 Brooke, the QP is the subject, 要 stays above 被, and 对 Brooke stays a coverb. The notes also allow a bare unit as that subject (比特币被赌了), the silent-amount Stake. The Opponent is not the promotee. The platform is not the promotee. A topic such as Prizepicks in front of the clause is an A-bar frame in the notes, not a move into the subject of 被.

The Proposition · 赌 + clause and 赌在 · platform is 在…上

English has one complement clause, that-CP, or on plus a noun phrase. The notes give Mandarin two packagings, and they keep the platform off both.

• 赌 + clause. 赌…会赢, 赌 Destiny 会输掉 DOTA 决赛, 赌特朗普会赢. The clause is the Proposition. In the Kim question, companion 下注 takes the Stake and 赌 introduces the clause. That split is a note about the companion, not a second entry.
• 赌在. A side or result PP, the notes’ postverbal content in the Larson panel (赌在…上). A side NP and a 赌-clause compete for one Proposition.
• 押在 is not in the extracts. 押 “to stake” is a related verb. The files checked here print 赌在, not 押在. This page does not open 押, and it does not invent a sentence for it.
• Platform. 在 Prizepicks 上, 在 Kalshi 上, and the Larson panel’s bare 在 Prizepicks name the place. The panel draws that PP after the verb, beside 赌在. The should/would string draws 在 Prizepicks 上 before the verb. One passive string writes the platform inside 被赌在…上. When two 在 appear, the notes treat them as two heads (content versus place, or place of the wager versus place inside an embedded clause). The platform remains a locative. It is not a fifth argument, and it is not the object 把 fronts.
• One Proposition per wager. A clause and a 赌在-side in the same clause are one restated proposition, or the side is the platform mis-attached. The working claim: one content relation.
• The embedded clause has its own arguments. A person next to 赢 or 输 belongs to that verb. 跟 on 赌 and the opponent of 赢 are two assigners. The notes’ cut: 跟 takes the Opponent of the wager; the embedded verb takes its own opponent; 把 still takes only the Stake.

Derivations · working sketches, revisable

Each sketch is a working drawing, not a locked analysis. The Larson panel’s point is the split field: 跟 and 把 sit before 赌 with the subject; the Proposition and the platform sit after it. That is one order. The should/would string puts 在…上 and 对 before the verb and leaves the Stake after it. Same places. Open one sketch at a time.

[TP Suzanne_1
  [VoiceP t_1
    [PP 跟 Kim ]_3                         ← Opponent · preverbal · oblique
    [把P 把 [MeasureP 0.2 个 比特币 ]_2 ]   ← Stake · the one object · whole QP
    [VP √赌
       [CP 特朗普 会赢 ]_4                  ← Proposition · clause
       [PP 在 Kalshi 上 ]_5 ]               ← Platform · locative
    Voice ]]

∃e [ COMMIT_WAGER(e) ∧ INIT(e, suzanne) ∧ MEAS(e, ⟨0.2, BTC⟩)
     ∧ CONT(e, ∧trump_wins) ∧ OPP(e, kim) ∧ LOC(e, kalshi) ]

[TP Kim_1  T
  [VoiceP t_1 Voice                               ← Bettor = Spec,Voice
    [ApplP_LOW Paul_3 Appl_CP                      ← Opponent = low Appl (DOC)
      [VP √BET
         [MeasureP [ Amount 5 ] [ N BTC ] ]_2      ← Stake = one MeasureP
         [CP that it would rain ]_4 ]]]]           ← Proposition = CONTENT

[TP [MeasureP 一整枚 比特币 ]_2
  [ 要
    [VoiceP_PASS
       [PP 对 Brooke ]_3
       [VP t_2  赌在 [PP Prizepicks 上 ] ]
       被 ]]]
  为什么 ]