Working paper · September 2026 · Spanish micro-entry · Attitude / ascribe content · Index 2 · Group B Romance
attributeATT · atribuir
Attitude / ascribe-content sense in Spanish. Working name √ASCRIBE. Hierarchy Cognizer / Judge > Charge / Content > Target. Index 2 Spanish Attitude cites culpar, atribuir — this page deepens bare atribuir as content-ascribe (Charge ACC + a-Target). Contrast creditMERIT · acreditar / reconocer el mérito (positive polarity; with-style de/con and light-noun mérito), blame · culpar (fault polarity; ACC = Target), and ledger attributeXFER / creditFIN · ES (MeasureP / Account). Light-noun atribución scout OK. No DOC, no with-frame, no for/on, no MeasureP. Voice filter.
Working paper.
Spanish micro-entry opening the Group B Romance ATT set (ES → FR → IT). Geometry from Lexical_Entry_Attribute_Argument_Structure and Group A Larson shells; NegQ association maps from Negative_Questions_Attribute (chats 15 / 26). Romance Index 2 Attitude cites atribuir beside culpar without an ATT/XFER split on the inventory line — this page deepens the ascribe-content reading. Constructed diagnostics diagnose the to-style cloth (Charge ACC / a-Target), Voice filter, missing with/DOC/for/on clothes, light-noun atribución scout, and the ATT / MERIT / blame / XFER·FIN splits; they are not spontaneous-speech citations. English, Mandarin, Japanese, and French twins already live; Italian ATT and Navajo companions deferred.
Constructed examples.
Frames below are packaging hypotheses aligned with the lexical entry, Group A shell plate, NegQ Attribute paper, and Spanish blame / MERIT twins (culpar a … de; acreditar / reconocer el mérito). Cause-true and settlement are not entailed — same missing defaults as blame · ES and creditMERIT. Do not fake elicitation. XFER / FIN strings appear only as contrast pointers.
Sense-class · ATT / MERIT / blame / XFER split.
Index 2 lists Spanish Attitude as culpar, atribuir (Vols. 3, 5). This page deepens the ascribe-content reading of bare atribuir as √ASCRIBE. creditMERIT writes positive / meritorious polarity (often via acreditar / light-noun mérito, with a productive with-style de/con). blame · culpar ascribes fault (ACC = Target). Ledger / book-HAVE readings sit at attributeXFER / creditFIN · ES — different roots; Spanish may keep more surface overlap on atribuir / acreditar letters than French attribuer vs créditer. Keep the roots apart.
Scout / deferred.
French attribuer ATT is live at attribute-att-fr.html; Italian attribuire ATT is live at attribute-att-it.html (keep ATT/MERIT split). Light-noun atribución productivity vs bare atribuir is scout-leaning. Navajo HANDLE packaging for Target shares Group A notes but is not a micro-entry this tick. No fake elicitation.
Hierarchy
Same inventory as English attributeATT, Mandarin 归因于, and Japanese 帰する. Not five-place. Not four sisters of one V. Surface count can name the board, the early completion, the contractor, and an outer cause — but the lexicon does not list four co-arguments of √ASCRIBE.
Intended labeling (shared with English · Spanish cloth)
Voice introduces Judge (proto-Agent of the attitude). The ascription relates Charge to Target under HOLD. Spanish spells the productive verbal cloth as ACC Charge + a-Target (atribuir Charge a Target) — Romance twin of English Charge ACC / to-Target. Light-noun la atribución / hacer una atribución parks content-type N with Target in a-PP — scout. Optional high Affectee / outer CAUSEG (hacer atribuir) wrap Voice; they are not listed inner arguments.
No MeasureP on ATT. There is no verbal Amount+Denomination object unless Charge itself has been recoded as a quantified share (hybrid — flag, do not deepen as verbal MeasureP). Degrees that sneak in live on the Abney spine of Charge or of a light noun — Left Branch Condition for sell / pay / chargeFEE / creditFIN does not apply as a verbal diagnostic here.
What Group B changes is Case, clitics, and light-noun packaging. What it does not change is the inventory. Weather still satisfies Target and fails Judge. Cause-true is still not entailed. Charge and Target still do not invert at Transfer cost. Treating attributeATT as Agent > Theme > Goal, collapsing it with MERIT because both can sit next to Spanish atribuir, or collapsing it with XFER/FIN because a can also mark Account, predicts a DOC, a HAVE entailment, a MeasureP LBC host, a productive with-frame, or a grammatical weather-as-Judge — none of those exist on ATT.
Spanish frames · Case clothes
Romance packages ascribe-content without a productive DOC. Charge is the Case object; Target wears a. Cheap NegQ association and cheap WH track ACC = Charge. creditMERIT advertises a with-style de/con flip and light-noun mérito; bare attributeATT keeps the to-style cloth — Charge ACC / a-Target — and does not advertise MERIT’s with-flip as productive ATT packaging. XFER / FIN use related surface letters for MeasureP / Account — different roots; pointer only below.
✓ La junta atribuyó la finalización temprana al contratista.to-style · ACC Charge · a-Target
✓ El informe atribuyó el retraso a la aerolínea.document-metonymy Judge · fine
✓ Atribuyeron el retraso al clima.weather = Target OK
✓ La finalización temprana fue atribuida al contratista.passive · Charge promoted
✓ ¿No atribuyeron la finalización temprana al contratista?polar NegQ · to-style
✓ Le atribuyeron el éxito.le = Target; Charge ACC
✓ Light-noun scout: Hicieron una atribución del retraso al clima.atribución · scout ranking
✓ Hybrid quantified Charge: La junta atribuyó el 30% del ahorro al contratista.quantified Charge · not XFER MeasureP
✓ XFER / FIN pointer only: La junta atribuyó / acreditó 0,3 ETH a cada billetera.XFER / FIN · do not deepen
✓ MERIT contrast (pointer): Los inversores reconocieron el mérito al contratista.MERIT light-noun · not bare ATT
✓ blame contrast (pointer): El comité culpó al clima del retraso.blame · ACC = Target
* El clima atribuyó el retraso a la aerolínea.weather as Judge
* La junta atribuyó al contratista la finalización temprana.no productive DOC
* La junta atribuyó al contratista con la finalización temprana.no with-frame (unlike creditMERIT)
* La junta atribuyó la finalización temprana en el contratista.no blame on-cloth / en-Target as Charge host
* La junta atribuyó al contratista por la finalización temprana.no blame for-cloth as productive ATT
NegQ baseline · association tracks ACC (= Charge)
✓ ¿No atribuyeron la finalización temprana al contratista?to-style · cheap = Charge
✓ ¿No fue atribuida la finalización temprana al contratista?passive Charge
✓ ¿No se atribuyó el éxito al contratista?se demotion · impersonal / Voice
✓ XFER contrast (pointer): ¿No atribuyó / acreditó la junta 0,3 ETH a cada billetera?
* ¿No atribuyó el clima el retraso a nadie?weather as Judge under Neg
* ¿No atribuyeron al contratista la finalización temprana?no Neg-rescued DOC
* ¿No atribuyeron al contratista con la finalización temprana?no Neg-rescued with-frame
# ¿No atribuyeron la finalización temprana al contratista? — meaning the contractor didn’t cause it. cause-true not a default
A bare No on the canonical NegQ most readily challenges the ascription event or the ACC Charge. Challenging the a-Target wants that content already under discussion. Negation does not grow a double-object and does not create a with-frame or a MeasureP on ATT. HOLD is not cause-true — parallel to MERIT’s missing cause default and FIN’s missing payout default.
WH / NegQ diagnostics · no MeasureP LBC
Unlike sell / payGIVE / chargeFEE / bet / creditFIN, attributeATT has no verbal MeasureP. There is therefore no Left-Branch Condition of the Amount-from-Denomination type on √ASCRIBE. Degrees that appear are DP-internal on Charge or on a light noun (atribución scout).
✓ ¿Quién atribuyó la finalización temprana al contratista?WH = Judge
✓ ¿Qué atribuyó la junta al contratista?WH = Charge · to-style
✓ ¿A quién atribuyó la junta la finalización temprana?WH = Target · a-cloth
✓ ¿Qué fue atribuido al contratista?passive Charge
✓ ¿Cuánto del retraso atribuyeron al clima?degree on Charge · Abney-side, not verbal MeasureP
* ¿Cuánto no atribuyeron de finalización al contratista?no verbal MeasureP LBC host on ATT
✓ Atribuyeron el retraso al clima.weather = Target · fine
* ¿No hicieron atribuir el retraso al clima a la aerolínea? as weather-as-Judge under faire weather still not inner Judge
Superiority ranks Judge > ACC Charge > K-DP Target > outer. There is no ranking of Charge against a silent Purpose, Price, or Theme₂. Cheap NegQ association tracks the Case object (= Charge under the to-style cloth).
a-Target ≠ Goal HAVE · Charge ≠ FIN MeasureP · ≠ MERIT with-flip
a Target = ascribee under HOLD — not sell Recipient HAVE, not allocate Goal with optional HAVE, not FIN wallet / Account. Charge = content of the attitude — not ledger Amount, not sell Price, not pay Consideration, and not MERIT’s praise-adjacent light-noun mérito as the default ATT cloth. Chat 15 / 26: Chinese 把 fronts Charge of ATT or MeasureP of XFER — same particle, different object; Spanish keeps the ATT/XFER/MERIT split by root and polarity packaging, not by the letter a alone.
In La junta atribuyó la finalización temprana al contratista, the board holds that the early completion is ascribable to the contractor. That is ascription, not HAVE of goods and not ledger INCREMENT. The early completion is Charge. The contractor is Target. HOLD is an attitude; cause-true is not a presupposed fact. Polarity is more neutral / content-ascribe than MERIT’s positive HOLD.
≠ creditMERIT (acreditar / reconocer el mérito). Shared √ASCRIBE family and shared Voice filter; MERIT writes positive / meritorious polarity and advertises with-style de/con plus light-noun mérito. Bare atribuir Charge a Target is the Index 2 Attitude companion and the closest Romance attributeATT cloth — keep the split: do not import MERIT with-flip acceptability onto ATT. Live at credit-merit-es.html.
≠ blame / √ASCRIBE_FAULT (culpar). Blame ascribes fault; attribute ascribes content (polarity open). Blame’s ACC is typically Target (culpar al contratista del retraso); attribute’s ACC is Charge (atribuir el retraso al contratista). Blame has light-noun culpa on-geometry; ATT’s light-noun scout is atribución, not FAULT.
≠ attributeXFER / creditFIN. Same surface family of “atribuir / acreditar” talk when the ledger reading is chosen; different root. XFER / FIN write MeasureP TO a Domain / Account (La junta atribuyó / acreditó 0,3 ETH a cada billetera). ATT has no MeasureP and no Account. Collapsing them because both can sit next to Spanish a is the error the lexical entry was written to block. XFER stays at attribute-xfer.html; FIN ES at credit-fin-es.html — pointer only this tick for ledger strings.
≠ English DOC / Transfer invert. There is no productive bare DOC *atribuyeron al contratista la finalización temprana. Negation does not rescue it. Transfer Themes invert under Romance swap NegQ; ATT Charge and Target do not.
≠ sell / ApplHAVE / allocateGOAL. No ApplHAVE, no por-Price MeasureP, no optional HAVE Goal. Surface a on ATT is Target wrapper-K, not Goal address with MeasureP Theme.
Missing defaults. Cause-true and settlement are not entailed. ¿No atribuyeron la finalización temprana al contratista? is compatible with the contractor not in fact causing the early completion.
English twin spells to-frame Charge ACC / Target to. Mandarin twin: 把 Charge / 于 Target. Japanese twin: Charge o + Target ni. Spanish twin: to-style Charge ACC / Target a; light-noun atribución scout. Weather OK as Target, *not* as Judge. Document-metonymy Judge OK.
Spanish ATT never assigns four structural Cases. Charge is ACC; Target wears P. No low ApplHAVE. No low ApplSWAP. No ApplTASK. No MeasureP (unless quantified-Charge hybrid — flag). High Appl / Affectee is extra when present and is not a listed argument of √ASCRIBE.
Composition is V(DP) on the ACC Charge. A is wrapper-K on the Abney spine (lexical entry §6.4; same cut as English attribute’s to / Spanish blame’s de): V(DP), not V(a(DP)). Early completion does not travel a path; the contractor is not a Goal with HAVE rights.
Clitic height: le resumes Target under many to-style strings; lo/la can resume Charge. Inanimate Target clitics are fine. Inanimate subject as Judge is not generated — that is the Voice filter, not a Case accident.
Outer CAUSEG (hacer atribuir) wraps Voice. The causee, not the weather, is the Judge. *¿No hicieron atribuir el clima el retraso a la aerolínea? keeps the inner Voice filter. Type A climbing unions Voice domains; Charge stays content and never climbs as a dative MeasureP.
Omission does not demote Charge to a pure adjunct. Selected P-layers are optional in the numeration; they are still arguments when present. The diagnostic is participanthood under Case, binding, and WH — not omitability. Charge clauses are islands in a way rationale adjuncts are not; there is no Neg-raising out of Charge.
Type A · hacer wrap
✓ ¿No hicieron atribuir la finalización temprana al comité?outer Neg denies causing
* ¿No hicieron atribuir el clima el retraso a la aerolínea?weather still not inner Judge
Attribute Group A Larson shells. Read as attributeATT (ascription). attributeXFER is a different root and is not this drawing. Spanish Group B clothes (a-Target) sit on the same inventory; the figure is not re-derived in prose here.
Underivables (Spanish ATT)
* El clima atribuyó el retraso a la aerolínea.weather / inanimate as Judge
* ¿No atribuyó el clima el retraso a nadie?Voice filter survives Neg
* ¿No hicieron atribuir el clima el retraso a la aerolínea?CAUSEG wrap does not wash Voice filter
* La junta atribuyó al contratista la finalización temprana.no productive DOC
* ¿Qué atribuyó la junta al contratista la finalización? as DOC under WH missing DOC under WH
* La junta atribuyó al contratista con la finalización temprana.no with-frame
* ¿Cuánto no atribuyeron de finalización al contratista?no verbal MeasureP LBC host on ATT
* La junta atribuyó la finalización temprana en el contratista.no blame on-cloth
* Intercambiaron al contratista por la finalización temprana. as ascribe-content SWAP cloth ≠ ascribe-content
✓ weather as Target: Atribuyeron el retraso al clima.inanimate Target fine
✓ document Judge: El informe atribuyó el retraso a la aerolínea.metonymy Judge fine
Group B packaging · Spanish opens Romance ATT
Group B (Spanish, French, Italian) is the Romance Case-cloth contrast set already used for NegQ on blame / sell / bet / chargeFEE / creditMERIT. Same hierarchy as English attributeATT; Target wears a-PP; Charge is ACC. Clitics resume Target; se demotion targets Voice. This tick is Spanish only and opens the Group B Romance ATT set. English, Mandarin, and Japanese twins are live at attribute-att.html, attribute-att-zh.html, and attribute-att-ja.html. French / Italian ATT micro-entries remain open (MERIT Romance twins already live and reuse attribuer / attribuire for praise packaging — keep ATT/MERIT split). Group C (HU Focus, PL GEN-neg) and Group D (DE zuschreiben vs gutschreiben) stay predicted or scout — not elicited here.
Light-noun atribución. Productivity vs bare atribuir is scout-leaning — flagged, not ranked.
Quantified-Charge hybrid.atribuyó el 30% del ahorro al contratista — Charge recoded as quantified share. Diagnostics: replaceable by ascribe, not by wire / abonar; weather can wear the a-DP; the board can be wrong. Flagged, not deepened as verbal MeasureP on plain ATT.
Type A hacer + attributeATT. Outer CAUSE wraps a Judge event. Outer Neg can be cheap on the causing; the inner Voice filter survives. Not a new elicitation.
creditMERIT with-frame contrast. Already live at credit-merit-es.html; do not import with-frame acceptability onto ATT.
Bare atribuir vs MERIT light-noun overlap. Index 2 pairs culpar, atribuir. MERIT may use atribuir el mérito; ATT is bare content-ascribe. Keep split; do not collapse on this page.
Corpus filenames
Primary extract for this micro-entry is Lexical_Entry_Attribute_Argument_Structure (√ASCRIBE vs XFER; to-cloth; Voice filter). NegQ association maps from Negative_Questions_Attribute. Group A shell plate: Attribute_GroupA_Larson_Shells. Chat packaging: Tritransitive chats 15 (NegQ on attribute · ATT vs XFER) and 26 (attribute argument-structure). Romance Index 2 Attitude cites atribuir. Spanish blame / MERIT twin geometry shared with blame-es.html and credit-merit-es.html. Constructed ES frames diagnose packaging; they are not new elicitation.
Languages Index 2 does not list for this class are left off the table. Mandarin and Japanese ATT sit Beyond Index 2 (no Attitude ZH/JA cell) at attribute-att-zh.html and attribute-att-ja.html.