Agent, Theme given, counter-Theme, Partner · Norwegian Bokmål cloth · working claim, revisable
Agent · subject of bytte, bytte inn, bytte ut, bytte bort, bytte om, veksle, utveksle · a full noun phrase has no case ending · jeg is the subject form · dem after med is the object form · noen has one shape
Theme given · direct object, where the clause has one · plass · plasser · frimerker · slipset · den gamle bilen · den stillingen · en tier · euroene · fanger · lappene
counter-Theme received · NAOB sense 1.1 heads this as det man får isteden and prints i, mot, and med under that heading · Bokmålsordboka prints for on bytte bort · the four prepositions are not one printed slot
mot on bytte til seg · Bokmålsordboka en sykkel mot et par ski · the object is what is received · mot is what is given · NAOB’s gloss of the same expression is få (noe) mot å avstå noe annet · the NAOB example of bytte til seg has no mot-phrase
Partner · med + noun phrase · Bokmålsordboka med dem, no object · NAOB bytte plass med noen · the same med also introduces the new thing on bytte inn and on bytte ut
No object · jeg ville ikke ha byttet med dem · undertøy og badetøy byttes ikke · knapt et ord ble utvekslet
Reciprocal places · plural subject and plass or plasser · de byttet plass · elevene byttet plasser · no seg on those lines · rollene var byttet om and rollene er fullstendig byttet om
Particles inn, ut, bort, om · printed after the verb, or, on Øverland, after the object · Bokmålsordboka’s infinitive puts inn before the object · a finite clause with the object between the verb and inn is unprinted
Where the Norwegian frame diverges from the English gloss exchange X for Y with Z. Cambridge, on the lines the German page cites, prints exchange something for something and exchange sth with sb as separate patterns, and currency as exchange sth into sth. English for is the thing received. English with is the partner. No Cambridge line opened on that page stacks with and for in one clause. NAOB’s heading for the thing received is one line, med angivelse av det man får isteden, and the filled marks under it are three: han byttet slipset i et par sokker, Lahlum byttet den stillingen mot noen annen plass, and Ibsen bytter ej med nogen romers hæder. Bokmålsordboka prints a fourth, for, on a different particle: hun ville ikke bytte bort dette for noe. for is unprinted on the NAOB bytte examples opened here. The partner is med when the noun is a person: med dem, med noen. That med is also the new car, den gamle bilen med en ny, and the replacement, byttet ut … med tusjpennen.
mot does not keep one direction. On Lahlum, and under NAOB’s heading of what one gets, the object is the post one has and mot is the other post. On Bokmålsordboka’s bytte til seg, the object is the bicycle one receives and mot et par ski is what one gives. NAOB’s gloss of bytte til seg agrees with that direction, få (noe) mot å avstå noe annet, and the filled NAOB example names the instruments and no mot-phrase. Older spelling mod is Ibsen’s, byttet bort mod hverdagsdragten and bytted jeg mod kamp og klage. The page records mod as printed.
i is the thing received, and i is a place. NAOB’s tie is i et par sokker. Nesbø’s trade-in is byttes inn i en SUV. Currency is the same i on both dictionaries: Bokmålsordboka veksle en tier i to femmere and veksle euroene i norske penger, NAOB veksle en femtilapp i tikroner and veksle dollar i norsk mynt. Bokmålsordboka’s bytte tog i Hamburg has i as the place. The noun i bytte is a third phrase: får eplesaft i bytte, NAOB hva gir du meg i bytte?. That i belongs to the noun.