Language Norwegian · Bokmål particle leie ut / leie bort · lessee leie · Bokmålsordboka verb utleie · Nynorsk leige named on this page, not a second entry · fremleie, forpakte, bygsle, and lease named, not separate entries
Arguments
Lessor, Lessee, Property · compensation mot in the definitions · til of a person, av of a lessor, and for + MeasureP unprinted on these verbs · working claim, revisable
Voice[Lessor of leie ut / leie bort / utleie ∨ Lessee of leie] + Theme (the one object) · Lessee til+DP unprinted · Lessor av+DP unprinted · Price mot in the definition · for + MeasureP unprinted · Period for en bestemt tid unranked
A commercial rental, on this reading, has a Lessor, a Lessee, the Property, and a Price. A period may be named in a definition. They are not four or five equal sisters of one Norwegian verb. The lessor examples and the lessee examples are not the same shape. On the lessor side, Bokmålsordboka’s sense 2 is gi bruksrett til noe mot betaling, and both examples carry a particle: leie ut huset sitt and leie bort jaktterreng. NAOB’s sense 1 is marked sjelden, mot godtgjørelse gi bruksrett til (for en bestemt tid), and the expression under that sense is leie ut/bort. The printed lines are leie ut en butikk, leie ut biler, and Bjørg Vik’s leide ut en etasje til kontorer. No bare lessor clause, with no particle, is printed under that rare sense. On the lessee side, Bokmålsordboka’s sense 1 is få bruksrett til noe mot betaling, with leie hus and vi leide bil i sommerferien. NAOB’s sense 2 is få bruksrett til (for en bestemt tid) mot å yte en avtalt godtgjørelse, with leie et hus, en leilighet. Bokmålsordboka also prints a verb utleie, glossed leie ut, inflection utleier, utleide, har utleid, and one example, hybler utleies. NAOB’s article utleie is a noun, det å leie(s) ut, etymology til leie ut. A person after til, a lessor after av, and a sum after for are unprinted on leie, leie ut, leie bort, and utleie. The compensation in the definitions is mot. Full noun phrases show no case ending.
What is different from the English gloss. English rent is direction-neutral. The subject can be either party, and the direction sits in the preposition: rent the house to a student and rent a house from the owner. Rent out and let are lessor-only, and they still take to. Norwegian does not keep both directions on bare leie in the examples read. The lessor examples add ut or bort. English Wiktionary’s Bokmål gloss of leie is to rent, hire, “use or borrow for payment,” and the coordinate terms it glosses as rent out, let are leie ut, leie bort, and utleie. Rent out and let match the particle as far as the subject. They do not match a printed to-phrase, because a person in til is unprinted. Rent … from matches bare leie only as far as the subject. The lessor’s marker on that verb is not a printed av. One fra is printed, of power, leie kraft fra statens anlegg, and it is not filed here as the lessor of a house. Dutch verhuren splits the lemma with the bound prefix ver- and prints the lessee as aan. The Norwegian particle is a separate word after the finite verb in the lines read. The Dutch aan has no person-phrase printed beside ut.
Places · who wears which marking
NAOB, Bokmålsordboka, and Nynorskordboka do not put lessor, lessee, property, a sum, and a period in one clause. The lessor lines have the particle and the thing. The lessee lines have the thing. Vik’s til kontorer is the one til on leide ut, and its complement is not a person. The numeral 10 000 kr is on the noun leie, in betale 10 000 kr i måneden i leie.
Printed lessor frame · particle ut before the object · til kontorer is not a person
✓ [han] leide ut en etasje til kontorerNAOB · leie sense 1 · Bjørg Vik, Snart er det høst 76 [1982]
he let out a floor as offices
Printed lessee frame · the thing is the object · no source phrase
✓ leie et hus, en leilighetNAOB · sense 2 · example
rent a house, a flat
Printed -s passive of the verb utleie · the rooms are the subject
✓ hybler utleiesBokmålsordboka · verb utleie · gloss leie ut
rooms are let
Places of leie ut and leie: introducer, Norwegian marking, case status, English and sibling marking
Place
Introduced by (working)
Norwegian marking
Case status
English and the live siblings
Lessor
Spec,Voice of leie ut, leie bort, and the verb utleie
subject of the lessor shape · no case ending on a full noun phrase · Vik’s han · the utleies line has no lessor subject
on bare leie, av of a lessor is unprinted · fra statens anlegg is printed once, of kraft · it is not constructed as the lessor of a house · av noen stays on forpakte
subject of rent … to and of rent out · from of rent … from · subject of verhuren · van on huren unprinted there · у+GEN on снимать
Lessee
Spec,Voice of bare leie · a til-person on leie ut is unprinted
subject of leie · vi leide bil · Vi leide en leilighet · the noun leietaker is person som leier noe
a person after til is unprinted on leie ut and on leie bort · Vik’s til kontorer is not that person · til noen stays on forpakte bort · not ranked as this verb’s lessee
to when the English subject is the lessor · subject of rent … from · aan+DP of verhuren · dative or an+ACC of vermieten
Property
complement of the rent root
the one object · en butikk, biler, en etasje, huset sitt, jaktterreng, et hus, en leilighet, bil · subject of hybler utleies
no accusative ending on a full noun phrase · utleies promotes the rooms · a lessee-subject of that passive is unprinted
direct object · the one object of verhuren · accusative of vermieten
Price
mot in the definitions · a for-MeasureP on the verb is unprinted
mot betaling · mot godtgjørelse · mot å yte en avtalt godtgjørelse · mot avtalt godtgjørelse on person-hire · the noun leie sense of payment, 10 000 kr … i leie
the definition’s mot is the compensation · a numeral under for on leie or leie ut is unprinted · the printed sum is the noun, with betale … i leie · not filed as the verb’s MeasureP
for + MeasureP · tegen, or voor + a sum in the 1660 citation, on verhuren · für where a German source prints the sum
Period
for en bestemt tid inside the NAOB definitions · unranked
for en bestemt tid · noun 5 års leie · i sommerferien beside vi leide bil · i måneden beside the noun’s sum
printed as time wording · argument versus adjunct unprinted · not a for-sum · not given a seat as a fifth sister
for a period · voor een zekere periode inside the WNT definition of verhuren
Marking map. The particle chooses the lessor examples. Read the verb, then the particle, then any preposition that is actually printed. til kontorer is not a person. mot is not for of a sum. fra of power is not av of a lessor. i leie is the noun.
The object of the property. NAOB prints leie ut en butikk, leie ut biler, en etasje, and, on the lessee sense, et hus, en leilighet, et piano, en bil. Bokmålsordboka prints huset sitt, jaktterreng, jord, hus, bil, and et partytelt. Nynorskordboka prints leige ut ein hybel, leige bort slåtten, and leige eit hus. The object is the thing whose use is transferred for a time. It is not the price. Full noun phrases do not show an accusative ending.
Subject of leie ut and of leie bort, the lessor. Bokmålsordboka’s gloss of sense 2 is gi bruksrett til noe mot betaling. The examples are the particles. NAOB files leie ut/bort under the rare lessor sense and prints no bare clause there. The finite subject in Vik’s line lets the floor. The lessee is not the subject of that line. English rent can still take the lessee as subject of the same verb. These particle examples do not. The participle of leie in Bokmålsordboka’s table is leid, with har leid. The string har leid ut is unprinted. See the particle.
bort beside ut. NAOB prints the pair as one expression, leie ut/bort. Bokmålsordboka’s lessor examples split the themes: ut with huset sitt, bort with jaktterreng. Nynorskordboka: leige ut ein hybel, leige bort slåtten. Bokmålsordboka’s adverb bort, sense 4, is fra én persons eie til en annen person, and leie bort is one example in that list, beside auksjonere bort, låne bort, and bytte bort. That adverb sense is a transfer reading of bort. It is not a government frame with a person phrase. No til and no for are printed on leie bort.
Subject of bare leie, the lessee. Bokmålsordboka sense 1: få bruksrett til noe mot betaling. NAOB sense 2: the use for a stated time against an agreed compensation. Norwegian Wiktionary’s rental verb is disponere noe mot betaling, example Vi leide en leilighet midt i byen, and it glosses English rent, hire and German mieten. The same page glosses Dutch verhuren. That Dutch gloss is the lessor verb. The example on the page is the lessee. The gloss is recorded and not read as a lessor frame of bare leie. The participle in the printed perfect is leid: de har leid et partytelt.
til of a person is unprinted. av of a lessor is unprinted. The one til on leide ut is til kontorer. A person in that slot is unprinted. til sommerfesten on de har leid et partytelt is the occasion of the tent, on the lessee verb. til leie is a fixed phrase on the noun, bo til leie, ha hybel til leie, hus til leie. NAOB’s betaler du leia direkte til Salomonsen has til on betale, and leia is the fee. It is not a lessee of leie ut. No clause read here prints av of a lessor on the verb leie. NAOB’s noun leier is person som leier (særlig husrom) av en annen. That av is inside the noun definition. It is not a verb frame, and it is not filed as one. forpakte en gård av noen and forpakte bort en gård til noen are on forpakte, and they stay there. On huren, van of the lessor is unprinted and bij is printed once. Norwegian does not print that av, and it does not print a hos of a lessor on the property frame. Ibsen’s har lejet dig ind hos Ekdals is the reflexive leie seg inn, and hos stays on that expression.
mot in the definition, and the noun leie. Bokmålsordboka puts mot betaling in the lessee sense and in the lessor sense. NAOB puts mot godtgjørelse on the rare lessor sense and mot å yte en avtalt godtgjørelse on the lessee sense. A for-phrase that holds a numeral, on either verb, is unprinted. Bokmålsordboka’s noun leie, sense 2, is betaling for å leie noe, example betale 10 000 kr i måneden i leie. That for introduces the renting. It is not a MeasureP on the verb. The sum is inside i leie, and the finite verb of the example is betale. NAOB’s noun sense 3 is avgift, betaling for noe som leies, særlig for husrom, with betale sin leie. The same letter for in the verb definitions is the period, for en bestemt tid. The period’s for and a price’s for are not collapsed, because the price’s for is unprinted on the verb.
utleies. Promotes the thing. Bokmålsordboka: hybler utleies. The subject is the rooms. The verb is the one-word utleie, not the particle string leie ut. A passive that makes the lessee the subject and leaves the room as object is not in the entries read. bli leid ut and bli utleid are unprinted. The noun definitions print infinitives: Bokmålsordboka det å bli leid, NAOB det å leie(s) ut. See voice.
Neighbours, one paragraph, not pages.fremleie (variant framleie): NAOB’s verb is leie ut noe (især lokale, leilighet) som en selv har leid, and the citation is fått tillatelse til å fremleie. The participle fremleiet leilighet is in Schjødt. No til of a further lessee and no av are in those lines. Nynorskordboka’s noun framleige is utleige av noko (særleg hus) frå nokon som sjølv leiger. That frå is inside the noun definition. It is not moved onto the verb leige. forpakte is land and forest. NAOB’s example of the taking sense is forpakte en gård av noen. The letting shape is forpakte bort en gård til noen, and Lange-Nielsen prints markene ble forpaktet bort. Those av and til phrases are printed. They are not phrases of leie. bygsle is the tenure neighbour: NAOB sense 1 leie (gårdsbruk, jord, tomt) på bygsel, sense 2 leie ut of the same, example bygsle bort tomter. lease: Bokmålsordboka, from English ‘leie ut’, leie for lengre tid; kjøpe og selge bruksrett til for eksempel bygninger og produksjonsutstyr, example firmaet leaser alle sine biler. The etymology says rent out. The definition says leie, and the example does not show a particle or a person. The direction is recorded and not ranked. No page is opened. Person-hire stays a neighbour of the property frame. NAOB sense 3 is ta (noen) i sin tjeneste, Kinck leige arbeidsstyrke, and leie inn is Wassmo leie inn flere karer and Hval leie inn folk fra et rengjøringsfirma. Bokmålsordboka sense 3 is ta en person i tjeneste mot betaling, example leie arbeidshjelp. The person is the object of that sense. It is not a lessee of a house.
EN ⇄ NO valency strip
Each row lines up one English slot with its Norwegian slot. The alignment type says what happens to the slot: = (same status), shift (structural ↔ oblique), or a lexical split of the subject’s direction. Printed lines come first. The one constructed Norwegian sentence joins two printed shapes and adds no preposition. It shows the working alignment, not frequency, and not a bilingual corpus.
English–Norwegian valency alignment for rent / leie ut, one row per argument
Slot
EN form
NO form
Align
EN example
NO example
Lessor as subject
SUBJ of rent … to · SUBJ of rent out · SUBJ of let
subject of leie ut / leie bort · the verb utleie in Bokmålsordboka
= for this direction · the particle is not the lessee’s · Dutch uses verhuren · French louer keeps both
let out a floor gloss of Vik
leide ut en etasjeNAOB · Vik · leie ut huset sittBokmålsordboka
Lessee as subject
SUBJ of rent … from · SUBJ of hire
subject of bare leie
lexical split · one English verb, a Norwegian shape with no particle · German uses mieten · Dutch uses huren
rent a flat gloss
Vi leide en leilighet midt i byenNorwegian Wiktionary · leie et husNAOB
Lessee (til)
to + DP
til + a person · unprinted
English to is not a printed person-phrase on leie ut · Dutch prints aan · the printed til is kontorer
to a student English only
til kontorerNAOB · Vik · not a person · a person — unprinted · not constructed as a frame
Lessor (source)
from + DP
av unprinted · fra once, of kraft
English from is not a printed av on leie · Dutch van is unprinted on huren · Russian writes у+GEN on the lessee verb
from the owner English only
fra statens anleggNAOB · kraft · av — unprinted · not constructed as a frame
Property
OBJ
the one object · no case ending · or the subject of utleies
=
rent a house gloss
et hus · huset sitt · hyblerNAOB · Bokmålsordboka
Price
for + MeasureP
mot in the definition · numeral on the noun leie
English for + a sum is not a printed verb phrase · the printed sum is i leie, with betale
for 10 000 kroner a month gloss of the noun example
mot betalingBokmålsordboka · definition · 10 000 kr i måneden i leieBokmålsordboka · noun
Period
time expression · status open
for en bestemt tid · i sommerferien · 5 års leie on the noun
printed · argument vs adjunct open · not a price for
for a stated time gloss
for en bestemt tidNAOB · definition
The strip below is a set of small multiples. Each card holds one frame, with English on top and Norwegian under it. The particle card is leie ut. The lessee-subject card is bare leie, and its source phrase is unprinted. The passive card is hybler utleies. The price card keeps the noun’s sum apart from the verb.
EN · NO · ut = lessor
leie ut
He let out a floor as offices.
leide ut en etasje til kontorer
NO · NAOB · Vik [1982] · subject lets the floor · particle before the object · til kontorer is not a person · no price · Dutch aan is the other language’s lessee, unprinted here
RolesHide rolesLessorProperty
Lessor subject of leide utProperty en etasjetilkontorer · use
MoveEnglish to a person → unprinted · the lessee as subject is bare leie
EN · NO · lessee = subject
leie
We rented a flat in the middle of town.
Vi leide en leilighet midt i byen.
NO · Norwegian Wiktionary · bare leie · the flat is the object · no av · German gloss on that page is mieten · the Dutch gloss there is verhuren and is not this example’s direction
RolesHide rolesLesseeProperty
Lessee subject of leideProperty en leilighet
MoveEnglish rent … from → bare leie · av unprinted
EN · NO · noun = the sum
i leie
pay 10 000 kroner a month in rent
betale 10 000 kr i måneden i leie
NO · Bokmålsordboka · noun leie sense 2 · the finite verb is betale · not a for-MeasureP of leie ut · the verb definitions use mot
RolesHide rolesPrice
Noun 10 000 kr … i leieRate i måneden
Movefor + MeasureP on the verb → unprinted · the sum is the noun, with betale
EN · NO · utleies = the rooms
hybler utleies
Rooms are let.
hybler utleies
NO · Bokmålsordboka · verb utleie · the rooms are the subject · bli leid ut is unprinted · a lessee-subject of this passive is unprinted
RolesHide rolesProperty
Property hybler · promoted
Moveutleies promotes the property · the lessee does not become the subject in the lines read
Examples
Argument difference. English rent the house to a student and rent a house from the owner keep one verb and put the direction in to or from, and the price in for. Norwegian writes the lessor examples with ut or bort, and the lessee examples with bare leie. A person after til, a lessor after av, and a sum after for are unprinted on those verbs. Dutch verhuren also splits the direction, with a bound prefix, and prints the lessee as aan. German vermieten prints the lessee as jemandem or as an + accusative. The Norwegian lines read here print the particle and do not print that person. The property is the one object on both shapes. hybler utleies promotes that property on the verb utleie.
Dictionary lines · checked · quoted as printed
sjelden · mot godtgjørelse gi bruksrett til (for en bestemt tid) · leie ut/bort · leie ut en butikk · leie ut biler · leide ut en etasje til kontorer · preterite leide / leiet · participle leid / leietNAOB · leie sense 1 · naob.no/ordbok/leie_2 · no bare lessor clause · no person · no sum
få bruksrett til (for en bestemt tid) mot å yte en avtalt godtgjørelse · leie et hus, en leilighet · leie et piano · leie en bil · leie kraft fra statens anleggNAOB · sense 2 · fra is the source of kraft · no av
å leie · leier · leide · har leid · lei! · få bruksrett til noe mot betaling · leie hus · vi leide bil i sommerferien · de har leid et partytelt til sommerfesten · gi bruksrett til noe mot betaling · leie ut huset sitt · leie bort jaktterrengBokmålsordboka · ordbokene.no · bm · leie · har leid ut unprinted · no til of a person · no for-sum
å utleie · utleier · utleide · har utleid · utlei! · leie ut · hybler utleiesBokmålsordboka · verb utleie · bm/65502 · one-word paradigm · -s passive · the rooms are the subject
det å leie ut · utleie av leiligheter · utleie av selskapsklærBokmålsordboka · noun utleie · bm/65501
det å leie(s) ut · etymology til leie ut · utleie av leilighet, bil · industrilokaler til salg og utleieNAOB · noun utleie · naob.no/ordbok/utleie · no verb article
betaling for å leie noe · høy leie · betale 10 000 kr i måneden i leie · det å bli leidBokmålsordboka · noun leie · bm/34324 · the sum is not a verb frame
å leiga / å leige · leiger · leigde · har leigd / har leigt · leige ut ein hybel · leige bort slåtten · leige eit husNynorskordboka · nn · leige · same split · not a second page
to rent, hire · coordinate terms rent out, let: leie ut, leie bort, utleie · past leide · participle leidEnglish Wiktionary · Bokmål leie · the utleie article on that site is a noun
The string below that is not in the block above is constructed. It joins Vik’s finite leide ut with Bokmålsordboka’s huset sitt. It adds no til of a person and no for of a sum. It is not a dictionary line.
✓leide ut en etasje til kontorer
RolesHide rolesLessorProperty
Lessor hanProperty en etasjetilkontorer
NAOB · Vik · particle ut before the object · no person · no price
✓leie ut huset sitt · leie bort jaktterreng
RolesHide rolesProperty
Property huset sitt · jaktterreng
Bokmålsordboka · sense 2 · ut and bort · no lessee phrase · no price
✓Vi leide en leilighet midt i byen.
RolesHide rolesLesseeProperty
Lessee viProperty en leilighet
Norwegian Wiktionary · bare leie · no av · no price
✓de har leid et partytelt til sommerfesten
RolesHide rolesProperty
Property et partyteltOccasion til sommerfesten
Bokmålsordboka · lessee perfect har leid · no particle · til is the occasion · not a price
constructed · leide ut has the shape of the Vik line · huset sitt has the shape of Bokmålsordboka · no person · no sum · the combination is not one dictionary line
✓ leie ut / leie bort · subject lets the thing Bokmålsordboka sense 2 · NAOB leie ut/bort · Vik
✓ bare leie · subject takes the thing Bokmålsordboka sense 1 · NAOB sense 2 · Norwegian Wiktionary
✓ a bare lessor leie, with no particle, is the NAOB label sjeldenno bare clause printed
✓ the thing is the one object en butikk · huset sitt · et hus
✓ mot betaling · mot godtgjørelsedefinitions · a for-sum on the verb is unprinted
✓ betale 10 000 kr i måneden i leieBokmålsordboka · noun · not the verb frame
✓ for en bestemt tidNAOB · definition · not a sum
✓ hybler utleiesBokmålsordboka · the rooms are the subject
✓ fra statens anleggNAOB · one fra · of kraft · av unprinted
ut, bort, and the verb utleie
The particle is an operation on the lessor examples. It does not add a lessee, and it does not put both directions on bare leie.
Printed order of ut and bort. In every lessor line read, the particle follows the verb and precedes a full noun phrase. leie ut en butikk. leie ut biler. leide ut en etasje. leie ut huset sitt. leie bort jaktterreng. leige ut ein hybel. leige bort slåtten. Vik’s finite clause has the subject, then leide, then ut, then the object, then til kontorer. That is the printed V2 order: the finite verb is second, and the particle stays next to it. A full noun phrase between the verb and the particle is unprinted. A pronoun before the particle, and a pronoun after the particle, are unprinted. They are not constructed as a rule.
ikke is unprinted on these verbs. No entry read here places ikke on leie, leie ut, leie bort, or utleie. A position for it is not given. The object of the printed lines is not rewritten, and there is no genitive of negation in those lines, because negation itself is unprinted. On selge a constructed ikke keeps the object. That construction is not copied here as a frame of leie.
Perfect. Bokmålsordboka’s table of leie is har leid. The printed perfect clause is the lessee line de har leid et partytelt. Finite har is second. The participle is leid. There is no ut in that clause. har leid ut is unprinted. The verb utleie has its own table, har utleid. That string keeps ut on the stem. It is not the particle perfect. NAOB’s moderat bokmål of leie allows leide / leiet and leid / leiet. Nynorskordboka’s table is har leigd or har leigt. A perfect of leige ut is unprinted there too.
Passive. The finite passive that is printed is hybler utleies. The subject is the rooms. The form is the -s present of the verb utleie. bli leid ut is unprinted. bli utleid is unprinted. A modern leies ut, with the particle, is unprinted. Norwegian Wiktionary’s paradigm cell for the rental verb lists passive leies. That cell has no ut and no clause. Bokmålsordboka’s noun prints det å bli leid. NAOB’s noun utleie prints det å leie(s) ut. Those are infinitives inside noun definitions. A passive that makes the lessee the subject and leaves the room as object is unprinted. It is not starred. The matching promotion on selge is unprinted there too, and that page does not star it.
The verb utleie is not the particle. Bokmålsordboka’s paradigm is one word: utleier, utleide, har utleid, utlei. The gloss is leie ut. The one example does not separate ut. NAOB prints no verb utleie. English Wiktionary lists utleie among the coordinate terms glossed rent out, let, and the article utleie on that site is a noun, etymology ut + leie, gloss rental, hire. Nynorskordboka’s verb utleie is a different sense, kome fram til på logisk vis, examples utleie ein teori and utleie ein formel. That Nynorsk verb is not this rental. The rental particle on Nynorsk is leige ut and leige bort.
A question for the price. It is not in the dictionary entries read. The printed compensation wording is mot. The printed numeral is on the noun. No question word is added.
Derivations · working sketches, revisable
Each sketch is a working drawing, not a locked analysis. The point of the drawing is a lessor shape with ut or bort, a lessee shape with bare leie, one object, and a price that the definitions put in mot. A til-person and an av-lessor are not in the drawing, because they are unprinted on these verbs. Open one sketch at a time. Which theta role is the object in this low domain is the revisable note Causative templates and argument selection. This page does not edit that note.
Voice · the subject’s direction is the particle
Two external arguments · particle on the lessor examples · the other party is not in Voice
[VoiceP Voice ← Lessor, leie ut / leie bort
… en etasje …]
[VoiceP Voice ← Lessee, bare leie
… en leilighet …]
✓ leide ut en etasje · Vi leide en leilighetNAOB · Norwegian Wiktionary · two shapes
English rent allows either external argument and puts the direction in to or from. French louer allows either external argument. The Norwegian lessor examples in the lines read are the ones with ut or bort. Bare leie is the lessee’s external argument in the examples. NAOB’s label sjelden on a bare lessor sense has no bare clause under it. The particle is not given a seat as a second argument.
Particle ut · til of a person unprinted · av unprinted
The printed lessor line has the particle and the object · a person PP is not in the tree · working
[VoiceP han Voice ← Lessor
[VP leide ut
[Theme en etasje ]
[PP til kontorer ]]] ← printed · not a person
[VoiceP vi Voice ← Lessee, bare leie
[VP leide
[Theme en leilighet ]]] ← av unprinted · fra once, of kraft
en etasje and til kontorer are printed. A person after til is not added. for of a sum beside them is unprinted and is not drawn. The two trees are two shapes. A single clause with both a til-lessee and an av-lessor is unprinted. Dutch draws the lessee of verhuren as aan. German draws the lessee of vermieten as a dative or as an. The Norwegian drawing has the particle. A person phrase is not in it. forpakte draws av noen and til noen. Those phrases stay on that lemma.
✓ leide ut en etasje til kontorer · leie et husNAOB
ut the particle · utleie the one-word verb
Separate word in the lessor examples · one-word paradigm in Bokmålsordboka’s verb utleie · NAOB prints the noun only
leide ut en etasje ← NAOB · particle after the finite verb
leie ut huset sitt ← Bokmålsordboka · particle before the object
leie bort jaktterreng ← Bokmålsordboka · bort, not ut
har leid ← table of leie · the printed perfect has no ut
har utleid ← table of the verb utleie · ut stays on the stem
hybler utleies ← the one example · -s passive
det å leie(s) ut ← NAOB noun · not a finite clause
The sourced pieces are the separate particle, the one-word paradigm, the -s example, and the noun. The working analysis, revisable, is that ut in leie ut is the particle of the lessor examples, and Bokmålsordboka’s verb utleie is a second lessor entry whose paradigm does not separate. Dutch ver- on verhuren is a bound prefix, and the participle is verhuurd. Hungarian bérbe is an illative noun. Neither of those is this particle. A string in which ut precedes the finite verb, as its own first constituent, is not in the entries read.
✓ leide ut · har utleid · hybler utleiesNAOB · Bokmålsordboka
Price · mot in the definition · the numeral is the noun
The definitions put the compensation in mot · for + a sum on the verb is unprinted · the period’s for is not that sum
mot betaling ← Bokmålsordboka · both property senses
mot godtgjørelse ← NAOB · rare lessor sense
mot å yte en avtalt godtgjørelse ← NAOB · lessee sense
for en bestemt tid ← NAOB · definition · this for is the period
betale 10 000 kr i måneden i leie ← Bokmålsordboka · noun · finite verb betale
for + a numeral on leie / leie ut ← unprinted · not drawn as a MeasureP
✓ mot betaling · for en bestemt tid · 10 000 kr … i leieBokmålsordboka · NAOB
The noun’s sum is not a for-MeasureP of leie ut.10 000 kr is printed. It sits in i leie, and the clause’s verb is betale. i måneden is the rate beside that noun. NAOB’s for en bestemt tid holds a period. On verhuren a citation puts a sum in voor. No such citation is in the Norwegian entries read. A constructed for-sum is not added.
English and Dutch · where the direction and the lessee are written
Direction in the preposition, in a bound prefix, or in the particle · a person phrase printed or unprinted · working · no English rent page
[VoiceP Pat Voice ← Lessor
[ApplP Chris Appl ← Lessee
[VP √RENT [Theme the house ]]]] ← English: to Chris · for a sum
· Dutch: verhuren … aan Chris
· Norwegian: leie ut · til-person unprinted
[VoiceP Chris Voice ← Lessee
[VP √RENT [Theme the house ]
[PP from Pat ]]] ← English: from Pat
· Dutch: huren · bij once · van unprinted
· Norwegian: leie · av unprinted · fra once, of kraft
English rent keeps both directions and writes them as to and from, with the price in for. Dutch changes the lemma and writes the lessee of the lessor lemma as aan. Norwegian changes the shape with ut or bort, and the entries read here do not print the person or the sum. That is where the frame diverges from the English gloss, and where it diverges again from Dutch: the gloss is one verb with to, from, and for; the Dutch frames are two verbs with aan and one bij; the Norwegian frames are a particle and a bare verb, with mot in the definition and the numeral on the noun leie.
Layer-by-layer parallel: English rent, Norwegian leie ut and leie, Dutch verhuren, German vermieten
Lessor · bort is the other particle · verb utleie is Bokmålsordboka’s one-word entry
Lessee · a bare lessor clause is unprinted
Lessor · huren is the other lemma
Lessor · mieten is the other lemma
other party
to or from
til kontorer printed · a person unprinted
av unprinted · fra once, of kraft
aan · bij once on huurde · van unprinted
dative, or an+ACC · von on mieten unprinted
object
the thing
the one object · en etasje, huset sitt · hybler as subject of utleies
the one object · et hus, en leilighet, bil
the one object · een huis, de kamer
accusative · dwelling or vehicle
particle
out on rent out · the bare verb stays two-way
ut / bort after the verb, before the full DP · har leid ut unprinted · har utleid is the other entry
no particle in the lessee examples · participle leid
ver- bound · participle verhuurd
ver- of vermieten · still a dative lessee
Price
for · MeasureP
mot in the definition · for-sum unprinted
mot betaling · mot å yte en avtalt godtgjørelse · for-sum unprinted
tegen · or voor + a sum in Wassenaer
für where a sum is printed
Period
open
for en bestemt tid in the rare-sense definition · unranked
for en bestemt tid · i sommerferien · unranked
voor een zekere periode · unranked
period unranked
On leie ut, the subject lets the thing, and the entries do not name who receives the use. On bare leie, the subject is the one who takes the use, and the one printed source is fra of power. On verhuren the lessor is the subject and the lessee is aan. The thing stays one object on both Norwegian shapes. ut chooses the lessor examples. It is not that object.
Notes
Working paper · October 2026 · Norwegian micro-entry · Beyond Index 2
Commercial temporary transfer in Norwegian. The lessor examples are leie ut and leie bort. Bokmålsordboka also prints a verb utleie. The lessee examples are bare leie. Lessor: subject of the particle shape. Lessee: subject of bare leie. A til-person and an av-lessor are unprinted on these verbs. Property: the one object, no case ending. Price: mot in the definitions. A for-MeasureP on the verb is unprinted. The numeral is the noun leie. Period: for en bestemt tid, unranked. fremleie, forpakte, bygsle, and lease are named and are not pages.
NO micro-entry liveBeyond Index 2til-person unprintedav unprintedfor-sum unprintedPeriod unrankedNL verhuren liveDE vermieten live
Working paper.
Norwegian micro-entry, Bokmål headword leie ut. The frames were read in NAOB under leie, the noun leie, the noun utleie, utleier, fremleie, and forpakte; in Bokmålsordboka under leie, utleie, bort, and lease; in Nynorskordboka under leige; and in the Bokmål sections of the English and Norwegian Wiktionaries. Those sources print a lessor particle, one object, a lessee subject of bare leie, mot in the definitions, and hybler utleies.
Constructed examples.
Dictionary lines are marked as printed. Han leide ut huset sitt is constructed on the Vik finite and on Bokmålsordboka’s huset sitt. A til-person, an av-lessor, and a for-sum are not constructed as frames.
Arity.
Index 2 does not list leie. Index 2 Norwegian Transfer is bytte; gi. Surface count can name a lessor, a lessee, a property, and a price. The lexicon does not list them as four co-arguments of one flat verb. The particle chooses the lessor examples. Voice adds one party. The root takes the thing. A period in the definition’s for is not filed as a fifth sister. ut is the particle of the lessor examples, not a second object.
What this page does not do.
Person-hire, leie inn, and leie seg inn stay off this rental frame. fremleie, forpakte, bygsle, and lease stay on this page. No English page of rent is opened. No second Norwegian page is opened for bare leie or for Nynorsk leige. The direction of lease is not ranked.
Hierarchy
Not a flat grid of four sisters of one verb. A flat grid would give bare leie a lessor subject in the examples, or give leie ut a printed person in til, or treat the period’s for as a sum. leie ut shows a lessor subject, the particle, and one object. Bare leie shows a lessee subject and one object.
The compensation wording in the definitions is mot. A for-sum on the verb is unprinted. for en bestemt tid is not a price. 10 000 kr is the noun leie, with betale.
What Norwegian changes, against the English gloss rent, is the shape of the direction. English writes to and from on one verb, and for on the sum. Norwegian writes leie ut or leie bort for the lessor examples and bare leie for the lessee examples, and does not print til of a person, av of a lessor, or for of a sum. What Norwegian changes against Dutch is the lessee’s marker and the prefix. Dutch writes aan and a bound ver-. Norwegian, in the lines read, writes a separate ut and no person phrase.
Geometry · leie ut beside the live roots
In Vik’s line, a floor is let, and til kontorer names the use. In leie ut huset sitt, the house is the object, and no person is named. In Vi leide en leilighet, the subject takes the use, and no source is named. ut names the lessor examples. It does not name the person. A clause with only the house does not, by a preposition of one verb, say both directions. leie ut says the subject lets it. Bare leie, in the examples, says the subject takes it.
English rent. One verb. The subject is the lessor with to, or the lessee with from. The price is for. The gloss matches both Norwegian directions only by changing the shape, and the Norwegian lessee verb does not print from as av. No English page is opened.
English rent out and let. Lessor as subject. English Wiktionary’s coordinate terms for Bokmål leie gloss leie ut, leie bort, and utleie as rent out, let. They match the particle as far as the subject. They do not match a printed to-person. They do not match bare leie.
verhuren. The lessor is the subject. From the 17th century the WNT names the lessee with aan. The other direction is huren. van of the lessor is unprinted there, and bij is printed once. ver- is bound, and the participle is verhuurd. Norwegian prints a separate ut, prints no person in til, and does not print har leid ut. The Dutch price cloths are tegen and one citation’s voor-sum. The Norwegian definitions use mot.
vermieten. The lessor is the subject. The lessee is a dative or an + accusative. The other direction is mieten. von of the lessor on mieten is unprinted there. Norwegian prints the particle and does not print the dative ending or the person phrase.
bérbe ad. The lessor lemmas are bérbe ad and kiad. The lessee lemma is bérel. The dative is printed on kiad. bérbe is an illative noun plus ad. Norwegian ut is a particle in the lessor examples, and Bokmålsordboka’s utleie is a one-word verb. An ablative lessor is unprinted on the Hungarian lessee verb. av is unprinted here too.
сдавать / сдать. The lessor is the subject. The lessee is dative in the Bulgakov line. The lessee as subject is снимать, and the lessor on that verb is у plus genitive. Norwegian prints the particle and does not print av as that source.
wynajmować / wynająć. Both directions on one aspect pair. The lessee is dative when the subject lets the thing. The lessor is od plus genitive or u plus genitive when the subject takes it. Norwegian does not keep both directions on bare leie in the examples, and does not print av.
louer. Both directions on one lemma. The ordinary other party is à. Norwegian does not give the owner and the taker that one bare verb in the examples. Norwegian Wiktionary’s French gloss of the lessee example is louer. The Norwegian frame is still the particle split.
alquilar and affittare. Spanish keeps both directions on one lemma, and the a-phrase does not choose the party. Italian usually splits the theme, a dwelling against a movable, and a source phrase on the prendere reading is unprinted there. Norwegian splits the lessor examples onto ut and bort and does not make that theme split: a house, a flat, a shop, cars, a piano, and a party tent are all printed somewhere in the entries read. lease is not given leie ut’s frame.
selge. The buyer is til plus a full DP, or the bare pronoun ham as NAOB prints it, and the goods are the object. A numeral for of selge is unprinted there. leie ut does not print til of a person, and it does not print a bare pronoun of a lessee. The same letter til is not the same argument. The sale is not a rental.
betale. The dictionaries print no Recipient. for+DP is what the money is paid for. On the noun leie, the printed clause is betale 10 000 kr i måneden i leie, and NAOB prints betaler du leia direkte til Salomonsen. There til is the payee of betale, and leia is the fee. til on that clause is not a lessee of leie ut.
Open items
A person after til on leie ut. Unprinted in NAOB, Bokmålsordboka, Nynorskordboka, and the Wiktionary lines read. Vik’s complement is kontorer. til noen stays on forpakte bort. Not starred. Not constructed as a frame.
av of the lessor on the verb leie. Unprinted as a clause. Not starred. Not constructed as a frame. NAOB’s noun leier prints av en annen inside the definition. That phrase stays on the noun. av noen stays on forpakte. fra statens anlegg is the source of kraft. It is not ranked as the lessor of a house.
bort beside ut. Both are printed. The themes in Bokmålsordboka differ: a house with ut, hunting ground with bort. Not ranked as a required split of themes. Not paired with a person phrase.
A bare lessor leie. NAOB marks the sense sjelden and prints the particle expression under it. Bokmålsordboka’s lessor examples all have a particle. A bare clause is unprinted. Not starred. Not constructed.
for of a sum on the verb. Unprinted. The definitions use mot. The printed numeral is 10 000 kr … i leie, with betale. Not constructed as a MeasureP of leie ut.
for en bestemt tid and i sommerferien. Both are printed. They are not in one clause with a sum. Argument versus adjunct is not ranked. 5 års leie stays on the noun.
har leid ut. Unprinted. har leid is printed without the particle. har utleid is the table of the other verb.
Pronoun and ikke. A pronoun before ut, a pronoun after ut, and ikke on these verbs are unprinted. No order is constructed.
bli leid ut and a lessee-subject of utleies. Unprinted. The printed finite passive is hybler utleies. The noun infinitives det å bli leid and det å leie(s) ut are not finite clauses. Not starred.
Direction of lease. The etymology says English ‘leie ut’. The definition says leie for lengre tid and buying and selling a right of use. The example is firmaet leaser alle sine biler. Not ranked. Not a page.
Nynorsk verb utleie. That article is logical inference, utleie ein teori. It is not the rental verb utleie of Bokmålsordboka. Not moved onto leige ut.
Corpus filenames and sources checked
Dictionary frames: NAOB at naob.no, the verb leie (leie_2), the noun leie (leie_1), the noun utleie, utleier, the verb and the noun fremleie, forpakte, bygsle, and leier. No verb article utleie was served. Bokmålsordboka at ordbokene.no, the verb leie, the noun leie, the verb utleie, the noun utleie, the adverb bort, and lease. Nynorskordboka, the verb leige, the noun leige, the noun framleige, and the verb utleie of logical inference. English Wiktionary, Bokmål leie and the noun utleie. Norwegian Wiktionary, the rental verb leie. Constructed material is one clause, Han leide ut huset sitt. Index 2 does not list leie.
NAOB · verb leienaob.no · leie_2 · sense 1 sjelden · leie ut/bort · Vik leide ut en etasje til kontorer · sense 2 mot å yte en avtalt godtgjørelse · fra statens anlegg · sense 3 person-hire · leie inn
NAOB · noun leienaob.no · leie_1 · sense 1 det å leie ut · sense 3 betaling for noe som leies · betaler du leia direkte til Salomonsen is betale
NAOB · noun utleienaob.no · utleie · det å leie(s) ut · etymology til leie ut · Solstad til salg og utleie · no verb article
NAOB · fremleieverb · fremleie_2 · leie ut noe … som en selv har leid · forpakte · av noen · forpakte bort … til noen · not pages
Bokmålsordboka · verb leieordbokene.no · bm/34328 · å leie / leier / leide / har leid · leie ut huset sitt · leie bort jaktterreng · de har leid et partytelt
Bokmålsordboka · verb utleiebm/65502 · utleier / utleide / har utleid · hybler utleies · noun bm/65501 · det å leie ut
Bokmålsordboka · noun leie · adverb bort · leasenoun leie · 10 000 kr i måneden i leie · bort sense 4 · leie bort · lease · firmaet leaser alle sine biler
Nynorskordboka · leigenn/45072 · leige ut ein hybel · leige bort slåtten · leige eit hus · verb utleie at nn/86201 is logical inference, not this rental
English Wiktionary · Bokmål leieen.wiktionary · leie · rent, hire · coordinate leie ut, leie bort, utleie · noun utleie
Norwegian Wiktionary · leieno.wiktionary · leie · Vi leide en leilighet midt i byen · glosses mieten and, on the same page, verhuren · paradigm cell leies has no clause
Bokmålsordboka · utleier, leietaker, leierutleier · person som leier ut noe · leietaker · person som leier noe · leier · motsatt utleier · NAOB leier · person som leier (særlig husrom) av en annen
Records leie ut and leie bort as the lessor examples and bare leie as the lessee examples. Records Bokmålsordboka’s verb utleie and NAOB’s noun utleie. Records mot as the definition’s compensation, one object, and the numeral on the noun leie. Leaves a til-person, an av-lessor, and a for-sum unprinted. Does not open a separate page for bare leie, Nynorsk leige, fremleie, forpakte, bygsle, or lease.