Headword

exchange · 交換する

Language Japanese · seventh language of exchange · Agent subject (が, topic は where a line prints one) · Theme を · counter-Theme と · the same と marks the partner · a partner in に or から is unprinted on 交換する · 取り替える prints に of the new item and と of the partner in separate examples · 換える and 両替する print に of the target money · 交わす takes the words or the greeting in を, and 言葉を交わす prints the partner in と

Arguments

Agent, Theme, counter-Theme, Partner, Goal of the new item · Japanese cloth · working claim, revisable

交換する · Agent (subject) + Theme (を) + counter-Theme (と)

The partner of 交換する is also と · 研究社新和英中辞典 prints 彼と席を and, in other lines, 茶と and 新しいのと · the two と phrases are not in one clause

取り替える / 取り換える · one article, head 取（り）替える／取（り）換える · Theme を · partner と in 友達と時計を · new item に in 円をドルに

換える / 替える · Theme を · target に · 円をドルに · 両替する · Theme を · target currency に · 円をドルに

交わす · Theme を · 言葉を交わす prints the partner in と · no counter-Theme と and no に of a new item

An exchange, on this reading, has someone who gives a thing and receives another. The one who exchanges is the subject, when a clause names one. デジタル大辞泉 files 交換 as ［名］(スル). Sense 1 is 取りかえること。また、互いにやり取りすること。 The examples are written with the dictionary’s dash. Read as full words, they are 現金と交換に品物を渡す and 意見を交換する. The first line’s verb is 渡す. と交換に is the adverbial “in exchange for.” It is not the frame AをBと交換する. The second line has the Theme 意見を and no と. 精選版日本国語大辞典 prints Nakamura’s 1870–71 translation, 学問の通用銀を、その身に帯び、要用の事あらばこれと交換すべし. 通用銀を is the Theme. これと is the counter-Theme.

Where this frame diverges from the English gloss exchange X for Y with Z. Cambridge’s learner entry, as the Portuguese and German pages cite it, prints exchange something for something: I exchanged those trousers for a larger size. The business entry prints exchange sth with sb as a separate pattern. 研究社新和英中辞典, on Kotobank, prints both seats of English with one particle. 彼らは塩を茶と交換した is glossed “They bartered salt for tea.” 茶と is the thing received, and the English preposition of that gloss is for. 古いタイヤを新しいのと交換した is glossed “They replaced the old tire with a new one.” 新しいのと is the new tire, and the English preposition of that gloss is with. 彼女は彼と席を交換した is glossed “She changed places with him.” 彼と is the partner, and the English preposition is with. The same と is the received thing and the partner. The articles opened here do not print both と phrases in one clause. A partner in に or in から is unprinted on 交換する. Italian con is the sibling marker that covers the received thing and the partner. Portuguese por and com, Spanish por and con, French contre and avec, and German gegen plus accusative and mit plus dative keep the two seats on two prepositions. Russian на plus accusative is the received thing on the transitive, and с plus instrumental is the partner on the reciprocal.

に of the new item is printed on 取り替える, 換える, and 両替する, and that に is not the partner. デジタル大辞泉 heads one article 取（り）替える／取（り）換える. Sense 1: 友達と時計を取り替える, partner と and Theme を, and 円をドルに取り替える, Theme を and に of the money received. The definition prose says 相手と別のものに交換する. The examples do not fill と and に in one clause. Sense 1 of 換える／替える prints 円をドルに換える, 現金に換える, and 小銭に換える. The orthography note prints 小切手を現金に換える in full. The string お金を円に換える is unprinted in the articles opened. 両替 sense 1 prints 千円札を両替する and 円をドルに両替する. と is unprinted on those lines. On 売る the person in に is the buyer. On 買う a に of a sum is a price in Saito. The ドルに of these three verbs is the money received.

交わす exchanges words, a greeting, or a promise, and the partner と is on 言葉を交わす. デジタル大辞泉 sense 1: 互いに、やり取りする。交換する。 The examples are あいさつを交わす and 約束を交わす. The separate entry 言葉を交わす prints 初めて彼女と. 彼女と is the partner. The Theme is the head noun 言葉を. No counter-Theme と and no に of a new item is in that entry. Sense 4 of 交わす prints the compound 顔を見交わす. That line has 顔を and no partner.

Places · who wears which marking

The printed lines do not put the partner and the received thing in one clause of 交換する. を is the thing given, where the verb of that を is 交換する. と is the thing received in 茶と, 新しいのと, これと, and 若い馬と. The same と is the partner in 彼と席を and in 友達と時計を. に is the new item on 取り替える, 換える, and 両替する. 交わす keeps を for the words, the greeting, or the glance, and puts the partner in と on 言葉を交わす.

Printed counter-Theme · と · on 交換する

✓ 彼らは塩を茶と交換した研究社新和英中辞典 · Kotobank · gloss “They bartered salt for tea” · 塩を Theme · 茶と the thing received · English for

✓ 古いタイヤを新しいのと交換した研究社新和英中辞典 · gloss “They replaced the old tire with a new one” · 新しいのと is the new tire · English with of replacement

✓ 学問の通用銀を、その身に帯び、要用の事あらばこれと交換すべし精選版日本国語大辞典 · 西国立志編 · 1870–71 · 中村正直訳 · 通用銀を · これと

✓ 古い馬をやって若い馬と交換した斎藤和英大辞典 · Weblio · gloss “I exchanged my old horse for a young one” · 若い馬と is the horse received · 古い馬を is the object of やって

✓ 中古の車を売って新車と交換するプログレッシブ和英中辞典 · Weblio · the block headed こうかん５ · gloss “trade a used car in for a new one” · 新車と · 中古の車を is the object of 売って

salt for tea · the old tire and a new one · this silver and that · an old horse for a young one · a used car and a new car · the thing received is と · Kenkyusha’s English is for on the salt line and with on the tire line

Printed partner · the same と · on 交換する

✓ 彼女は彼と席を交換した研究社新和英中辞典 · gloss “She changed places with him” · 彼女は topic · 彼と partner · 席を Theme · no second と

✓ 友達と時計を取り替えるデジタル大辞泉 · 取り替える sense 1 · the dash is the dictionary’s · 友達と partner · 時計を Theme · no に in the example

✓ 名刺を交換した · 率直に意見を交換した研究社新和英中辞典 · Theme を · plural “we” in the English gloss · no と

✓ 意見を交換するデジタル大辞泉 · sense 1 · the dash is the dictionary’s · Theme を · no partner

she changed places with him · exchange watches with a friend · exchange cards · exchange opinions · the person is と in the seat line and in the watch line · the opinion lines and the card line print no と

に of the new item · 取り替える · beside と

✓ 円をドルに取り替えるデジタル大辞泉 · sense 1 · 円を Theme · ドルに the money received · no person

✓ 衣装を取り替える · 畳を取り替えるデジタル大辞泉 · sense 2 · 今までのものを別のものに替える · the examples fill を and leave に and と out

✓ 扇ばかりをしるしにとりかへて精選版日本国語大辞典 · sense ② · 源氏物語 · 花宴 · しるしに is “as a token” · this に is not ドルに

✓ 照明をLED蛍光管に交換している日本語版ウィクショナリー · secondary · 山内明子 · 2011 · に is the new item · on 交換する · no person

yen into dollars · change costumes · change the tatami · a fan as a token · lighting into LED tubes · に of ドル and of LED蛍光管 is the new item · the friend is と, in a different example

換える / 替える · を and に of the money

✓ 円をドルに換える · 現金に換える · 小銭に換えるデジタル大辞泉 · sense 1 · 換える・替える · glossed 交換する · the first line has を and に · the other two fill に and leave を to the dash

✓ 小切手を現金に換えるデジタル大辞泉 · orthography note · 換える is 物と物をとりかえる · the note prints the clause in full · 替える in the same note is かみそりの刃を替える, a new thing, with no に

✓ お金を円に換える constructed · 円をドルに and 現金に are printed · this string is unprinted

yen into dollars · into cash · into small change · a check into cash · money into yen, constructed · the target is に · a partner is unprinted on these lines

両替する · currency · に of the target

✓ 千円札を両替する · 円をドルに両替するデジタル大辞泉 · sense 1 · ［名］(スル) · the note is を · ドルに is the target currency · no と

✓ 当たり馬券を両替するデジタル大辞泉 · sense 2 · cashing a ticket · off the currency-for-currency frame

change a thousand-yen note · change yen into dollars · the ticket line is a different sense · the target currency is に

交わす · words and a glance · partner と on 言葉を交わす

✓ あいさつを交わす · 約束を交わすデジタル大辞泉 · 交わす sense 1 · glossed 交換する · Theme を · no と · no に

✓ 初めて彼女と言葉を交わしたデジタル大辞泉 · 言葉を交わす · the dash is the dictionary’s · 彼女と partner · Theme 言葉を

✓ 顔を見交わすデジタル大辞泉 · 交わす sense 4 · the compound of 見る · 顔を · no partner in the example

✓ 枝を交わすデジタル大辞泉 · sense 2 · 互いにまじえる · off the speech frame

exchange greetings · exchange a promise · exchange words with her for the first time · exchange glances · cross branches · the partner of the words is と · the glance line prints no partner and no second thing

Places of Japanese 交換する: introducer, marking, status, and the English, Portuguese, Spanish, French, German, Italian, and Russian marking
Place	Introduced by (working)	Japanese marking	Status in the sources	English and the other exchange pages
Agent	subject	が in the usual subject seat · topic は on 彼女は	Kenkyusha 彼女は · 彼らは · omitted on 名刺を交換した and on the dictionary dashes	subject of exchange · subject of trocar, intercambiar, échanger, scambiare, tauschen, and обменять
Theme	the thing given	を	Kenkyusha 塩を, タイヤを, 席を, 名刺を, 意見を · 精選版通用銀を · デジタル大辞泉意見を, 時計を, 円を, 千円札を, あいさつを · Saito’s 古い馬を is the object of やって	object of exchange · direct object of Portuguese, Spanish, French, and Italian · accusative of German and of Russian обменять
Counter-Theme	the thing received	と on 交換する	Kenkyusha 茶と, 新しいのと · 精選版これと · Saito 若い馬と · Progressive 新車と · a line can omit と, as 意見を交換する does	English for · the tire gloss uses English with · Portuguese por · Spanish por · French contre · German gegen+accusative · Italian con · Russian на+accusative
Partner	the other person	the same と	Kenkyusha 彼と席を · デジタル大辞泉友達と時計を on 取り替える · 彼女と on 言葉を交わす · a partner in に or から is unprinted on 交換する	English with · Portuguese com · Spanish con · French avec · German mit+dative · Italian partner con is the same preposition as the Italian counter-Theme · Russian partner с+instrumental is on -ся
Goal	the new item, or the target currency	に	ドルに on 取り替える, 換える, and 両替する · 現金に, 小銭に · Wiktionary, secondary, LED蛍光管に on 交換する · this に is not a person	English for of the received thing · the Japanese partner is not this に · the buyer に of 売る is a different verb
Reciprocal	words, a greeting, a glance	を on 交わす · partner と on 言葉を交わす	あいさつを, 約束を, 顔を見交わす · 初めて彼女と · no counter-Theme and no に of a new item	English exchange greetings · Russian instrumental взглядами / мнениями on -ся · Portuguese plural with a direct object

Marking map. On 交換する, read を as the thing given and と as either the thing received or the partner. The line decides which. On 取り替える, read 友達と as the partner and ドルに as the money received. On 換える and 両替する, read に as the target money. On 交わす, read を as the words or the greeting, and read と as the partner where 言葉を交わす prints one.

を of the Theme. Kenkyusha: 塩を, 古いタイヤを, 席を, 名刺を, 意見を. デジタル大辞泉: 意見を交換する, 時計を, 円を, 衣装を, 畳を, 小切手を, 千円札を, あいさつを, 約束を, 顔を. 精選版: 通用銀を. Saito’s 古い馬をやって and Progressive’s 中古の車を売って put that を on やる and on 売る. The と of the received thing is on 交換する in the same clause.
と of the counter-Theme, and the same と of the partner. The received-thing phrases are 茶と, 新しいのと, これと, 若い馬と, and 新車と. The partner phrases are 彼と, 友達と, and 彼女と on 言葉を交わす. Kenkyusha’s English splits them: for tea, with a new tire, with him. A clause with a person-と and a thing-と is unprinted. 現金と交換に品物を渡す is と交換に plus 渡す. It is the adverbial, and the verb is not 交換する.
A partner in に or から is unprinted on 交換する. デジタル大辞泉, 精選版, Kenkyusha, Saito, and the Progressive block print no 田中さんに交換する and no 田中さんから交換する. The に they do print is the new item: ドルに, 現金に, LED蛍光管に. Wiktionary’s 敦信と会い、今後の方針に就いて意見を交換した (山本周五郎) puts 敦信と on 会い. It is not a partner of 交換した.
に on 取り替える, 換える, and 両替する. 円をドルに取り替える, 円をドルに換える, 現金に換える, 小銭に換える, 小切手を現金に換える, 円をドルに両替する. The friend on 取り替える is 友達と, a different example. 源氏物語’s しるしに is “as a token.” Sense 2 of 両替, 当たり馬券を両替する, cashes a ticket. Sense 3 of 取り替える is advancing money. Sense 5 of 替える is 命に替えて. Those lines stay off the goods frame.
交わす and the glance compound. あいさつを交わす and 約束を交わす have a Theme and no partner. 初めて彼女と言葉を交わした has the partner in と and no second thing. 顔を見交わす is sense 4, a compound, with 顔を. A separate 見交わす article was not opened. 枝を交わす is crossing, sense 2. The 精選版 head 交・躱 also files the dodge reading. That reading is off this page’s frame.

EN ⇄ JA valency strip

Each row lines up one English slot with a Japanese slot. The alignment type says what happens to the slot: = (same object status), or shift (English for or with against the particle the line prints). Printed lines come first. Every other sentence is constructed, modelled on a printed line. They show the working alignment. They are not frequency, and not a bilingual corpus.

English–Japanese valency alignment for exchange / 交換する, one row per argument
Slot	EN form	JA form	Align	EN example	JA example
Agent	subject	subject · topic は	=	I exchanged those trousers Cambridge · as on the Portuguese page	彼女は · 彼らは研究社新和英中辞典
Theme	object of exchange	を	= of the object slot · the particle is を	those trousers Cambridge	塩を · 席を · 円を Kenkyusha · デジタル大辞泉
Counter-Theme	for + NP	と	shift of the marker · English for · the tire gloss is English with · Portuguese and Spanish por / por · French contre · German gegen+accusative · Italian con · Russian на+accusative	for a larger size Cambridge	茶と · 新しいのと · これと Kenkyusha · 精選版
Partner	with + person	the same と	shift · one particle covers English with of the person and English for of the thing · a partner in に or から is unprinted	exchange sth with sb Cambridge business	彼と · 友達と · 彼女と Kenkyusha · デジタル大辞泉 · 言葉を交わす
Goal	for + the received thing	に of the new item	shift · this に is the money or the new thing · it is not the partner · it is not the buyer に of 売る	for a larger size Cambridge · the money sense is this slot’s gloss	ドルに · 現金にデジタル大辞泉 · 取り替える · 換える · 両替する
Reciprocal	object of exchange	を · partner と where printed	= of the object · the partner, where 言葉を交わす prints one, is と · no counter-Theme	exchange greetings Cambridge	あいさつを交わす · 彼女と言葉をデジタル大辞泉
Full stack	exchange X for Y with Z	partner と + Theme を + counter-Theme と	unprinted · each と is printed on its own line · Cambridge does not print with and for in one clause · a partner に or から beside と of the thing is also unprinted	exchange the drawing with him for a book constructed · not a Cambridge clause	彼は田中さんと塩を茶と交換した。 constructed · 茶と is Kenkyusha · 彼と is Kenkyusha · the two と phrases are not in one citation

The strip below is a set of small multiples. Each card holds one frame, with English on top and Japanese under it. The subject chip is the party the clause actually makes the subject.

EN · JA · と and for

茶と · for a larger size

I exchanged those trousers for a larger size.

彼らは塩を茶と交換した。古いタイヤを新しいのと交換した。これと交換すべし。

JA · 研究社新和英中辞典 · 精選版 · EN · Cambridge · と · Portuguese por · Spanish por · French contre · German gegen+accusative · Italian counter-Theme is con · Russian на+accusative

RolesHide roles AgentThemeCounter-Theme

Agent I · 彼らは · omitted on the 精選版 clause Theme those trousers · 塩を · タイヤを · 通用銀を Counter-Theme for a larger size · 茶と · 新しいのと · これと

Move The received thing is と. English marks that place with for on the salt gloss and on Cambridge. Kenkyusha’s tire gloss marks the new tire with English with. Portuguese and Spanish mark the received thing with por and por. French marks it with contre. German marks it with gegen plus accusative. Italian marks it with con. Russian marks it with на plus accusative.

EN · JA · partner · the same と

彼と · 友達と · with sb

exchange sth with sb

彼女は彼と席を交換した。友達と時計を取り替える。初めて彼女と言葉を交わした。

JA · Kenkyusha · デジタル大辞泉 · EN · Cambridge business · with · Portuguese com · Spanish con · French avec · German mit+dative · Russian с+instrumental on -ся

RolesHide roles AgentThemePartner

Agent 彼女は · omitted on the watch line and on 彼女と Theme sth · 席を · 時計を · 言葉を Partner with sb · 彼と · 友達と · 彼女と

Move The partner is と, the particle of the received thing. English, Portuguese, Spanish, French, and German keep a second preposition for the person. A partner in に or から is unprinted on 交換する.

JA · 取り替える · に and と

ドルに · 友達と

exchange something for something

円をドルに取り替える。友達と時計を取り替える。

デジタル大辞泉 · sense 1 · two examples · に is the new money · と is the friend · the definition prose names both and the examples do not stack them

RolesHide roles ThemeGoalPartner

Theme 円を · 時計を Goal ドルに · absent on the friend line Partner 友達と · absent on the dollar line

Move に is the new item. と is the partner. The head is 取（り）替える／取（り）換える, one article. The two markings are two examples.

JA · 換える · に

円をドルに · 現金に

exchange something for something

円をドルに換える。現金に換える。小切手を現金に換える。

デジタル大辞泉 · sense 1 and the orthography note · 替える in that note is かみそりの刃を替える, with no に

RolesHide roles ThemeGoal

Theme 円を · 小切手を · omitted on 現金に換える Goal ドルに · 現金に

Move The target money is に. The string お金を円に換える is unprinted. A partner is unprinted on these lines.

JA · 両替する · currency

千円札を · 円をドルに

exchange something for something

千円札を両替する。円をドルに両替する。

デジタル大辞泉 · sense 1 · と is unprinted · sense 2 当たり馬券を is off this card

RolesHide roles ThemeGoal

Theme 千円札を · 円を Goal ドルに · the note line fills no second phrase

Move Currency exchange is this verb. The target is に. The thousand-yen line names the note and leaves the target out.

JA · 交わす · words

あいさつを · 彼女と

exchange greetings

あいさつを交わす。約束を交わす。初めて彼女と言葉を交わした。顔を見交わす。

デジタル大辞泉 · sense 1 · the words entry · sense 4 the glance compound · no counter-Theme と

RolesHide roles ThemePartner

Theme あいさつを · 約束を · 言葉を · 顔を Partner 彼女と · absent on the greeting, the promise, and the glance

Move The reciprocal exchange of words takes を. The partner is と on 言葉を交わす. There is no second thing in と and no に of a new item.

JA · unprinted construction

partner と and counter-Theme と

exchange the drawing with him for a book

彼は田中さんと塩を茶と交換した。

constructed · 塩を茶と is Kenkyusha · 彼と is Kenkyusha · no article opened here stacks the two と phrases · 田中さんに and 田中さんから are also unprinted

RolesHide roles AgentThemeCounter-ThemePartner

Agent 彼は · not a dictionary subject of this stack Theme 塩を Counter-Theme 茶と Partner 田中さんと

Move The English gloss exchange X for Y with Z is this stack. Cambridge prints for and with apart. Japanese prints both seats as と, in different clauses. The constructed clause is not a grammatical claim.

Examples

Argument difference. English exchange X for Y marks the received thing with for. English exchange X with Z marks the other person with with. Cambridge does not print those two in one clause. Japanese marks the received thing with と in 塩を茶と交換した, and marks the other person with the same と in 彼と席を交換した. A clause that stacks the two と phrases is unprinted. A partner in に or から is unprinted on 交換する. に on 取り替える, 換える, and 両替する is the new item. 交わす takes the words in を, and 言葉を交わす marks the partner with と.

Dictionary frames and lines · quoted as printed

現金と交換に品物を渡す。 · 意見を交換する。 · 友達と時計を取り替える。 · 円をドルに取り替える。 · 円をドルに換える。 · 千円札を両替する。 · 円をドルに両替する。 · あいさつを交わす。 · 初めて彼女と言葉を交わした。デジタル大辞泉 · the dashes of the source are restored here

学問の通用銀を、その身に帯び、要用の事あらばこれと交換すべし。 · 扇ばかりをしるしにとりかへて。精選版日本国語大辞典 · 中村正直 · 源氏物語

名刺を交換した。 · 率直に意見を交換した。 · 彼女は彼と席を交換した。 · 古いタイヤを新しいのと交換した。 · 彼らは塩を茶と交換した。研究社新和英中辞典 · Kotobank

古い馬をやって若い馬と交換した。斎藤和英大辞典 · Weblio

中古の車を売って新車と交換する。 · 率直に意見を交換した。プログレッシブ和英中辞典 · Weblio · こうかん５

照明をLED蛍光管に交換している。 · 名刺を交換した。日本語版ウィクショナリー · secondary · 山内明子 · 佐々木邦

I exchanged those trousers for a larger size. · exchange something for something · exchange sth with sb Cambridge · learner for · business with · as cited on the Portuguese page · no one clause stacks with and for

Strings below are constructed, modelled on the printed lines. They are not spontaneous-speech citations and not dictionary lines. 彼 is the subject pronoun of the other Japanese pages. 田中さん is not a name in the articles opened.

Constructed · the pieces are printed separately

✓ 彼は塩を茶と交換した。 constructed on Kenkyusha 彼らは塩を茶と交換した · と is the thing received · 彼は is not the printed subject

✓ 彼は田中さんと席を交換した。 constructed on Kenkyusha 彼女は彼と席を交換した · partner と · 田中さん is not the printed partner

✓ 彼は円をドルに換えた。 constructed on デジタル大辞泉円をドルに換える · に is the target money · no partner

✓ 彼はお金を円に換えた。 constructed · 現金に換える and 円をドルに換える are printed · お金を円に is unprinted as that string

✓ 彼は田中さんと塩を茶と交換した。 constructed · 茶と and 彼と are each printed · no article opened here stacks a partner と and a counter-Theme と · 田中さんに and 田中さんから are unprinted on 交換する · the English gloss exchange X for Y with Z is the same kind of stack · Portuguese por plus com, Spanish por plus con, French contre plus avec, German gegen plus mit, Italian’s two con phrases, and Russian transitive на plus с are unprinted as one clause on trocar, intercambiar, échanger, tauschen, scambiare, and обменять

Derivations · working sketches, revisable

Each sketch is a working drawing, not a locked analysis. The drawing gives the Agent to the subject, the thing given to を, the thing received to と on 交換する, the partner to the same と, and the new item to に on 取り替える, 換える, and 両替する. The two と phrases are not drawn in one clause, because no construction list prints them together. Open one sketch at a time. Which theta role is the object is the revisable note Causative templates and argument selection. This page does not edit that note.

The subject · Agent

The finite verb · one external argument

[TP —
  [  —                            ← Agent = subject
    … 交換する … ]]

✓ 彼女は彼と席を交換した。研究社新和英中辞典

The external argument is the one who exchanges. 彼女は is the topic. 彼らは is the topic of the salt line. The abbreviated dictionary lines omit the subject. する on the noun 交換 is the light verb of ［名］(スル). It is not a second argument.

Theme · counter-Theme と

One を · と of the received thing · working, revisable

[ —
  [ √交換
     [Theme 塩を ]
     [PP と [ 茶 ]]]]                ← 研究社 新和英中辞典

[ —
  [ √交換
     [Theme 通用銀を ]
     [PP と [ これ ]]]]              ← 精選版 · 中村正直

The thing given and the thing received are different phrases. 意見を交換する and 名刺を交換した name を and leave と out. Saito’s 古い馬を is the object of やって.

✓ 古いタイヤを新しいのと交換した研究社新和英中辞典 · English gloss with a new one

Partner · the same と

The person is と · the Theme in this clause is を · a second と is unprinted here

[ 彼女は
  [ √交換
     [Theme 席を ]
     [PP と [ 彼 ]]]]                ← 研究社 新和英中辞典

This と is the partner. 友達と時計を取り替える is the same particle on 取り替える. に and から of a person are unprinted on 交換する.

✓ 初めて彼女と言葉を交わしたデジタル大辞泉 · 言葉を交わす

✓ 彼は田中さんと塩を茶と交換した。 constructed · two と phrases · unprinted as one clause

Goal · に of the new item

に of the money received · no partner in these clauses · working, revisable

[ —
  [ √取替
     [Theme 円を ]
     [PP に [ ドル ]]]]              ← デジタル大辞泉

[ —
  [ √換
     [Theme 小切手を ]
     [PP に [ 現金 ]]]]              ← デジタル大辞泉 · orthography note

友達と is a different example of 取り替える. 両替する prints the same 円をドルに. しるしに in the 源氏物語 line is a token, and it is not this goal.

✓ 円をドルに両替するデジタル大辞泉

✓ 彼はお金を円に換えた。 constructed · the exact string is unprinted

English counterpart · for, with, and one と

Working · Cambridge exchange · two patterns, not one stack · Japanese と covers both seats

[ I
  [ √EXCHANGE
     [Theme those trousers ]
     [PP for [ a larger size ]]]]     ← exchange X for Y
                                       ← Japanese と of 茶
                                       ← Portuguese por
                                       ← Russian на

[ —
  [ √EXCHANGE
     [Theme sth ]
     [PP with [ sb ]]]]               ← exchange X with Z
                                       ← Japanese と of 彼
                                       ← the same particle

[ —
  [ √換
     [Theme 円を ]
     [PP に [ ドル ]]]]               ← the new item
                                       ← not the partner

The gloss exchange X for Y with Z stacks the two English patterns. Cambridge prints them as separate patterns. Japanese prints both as と, in separate clauses, and prints the new item as に on 換える and its neighbours.

取り替える, 換える, 両替する, and 交わす are this page, not further pages. Index 2 does not list Japanese for this class. Languages of exchange: French · échanger · German · tauschen · Spanish · intercambiar · Italian · scambiare · Portuguese · trocar · Russian · обменять · Japanese · 交換する. The English stub is exchange. Closest siblings for a person in に and for a price: sell · Japanese · 売る and buy · Japanese · 買う. No English micro-entry.

Notes

Working paper · October 2026 · Japanese micro-entry · Beyond Index 2

交換する takes the thing given in を and the thing received in と. The partner is the same と. 取り替える prints に of the new item and と of the partner in separate examples. 換える and 両替する print に of the target money. 交わす takes words in を, and the partner of 言葉を交わす is と.

JA micro-entry live Beyond Index 2 · 交換する two と phrases unprinted as one clause RU обменять live PT trocar live IT scambiare live ES intercambiar live FR échanger live DE tauschen live

Sense × language: exchange · Japanese (交換する, 取り替える, 換える, 両替する, 交わす). The goods exchange is the page. Greetings, promises, words, and the glance compound stay on the citation where a source prints them. The telephone operator, the Civil Code contract, advancing money, cashing a winning ticket, and crossing branches stay off the exchange frame. Geometry neighbors: exchange · scambiare, for one marker on both seats, exchange · обменять, for на and с, buy · 買う and sell · 売る, for に of a person or a price. Index 2 does not list Japanese for this class. No English micro-entry. The stub is exchange.html.

Places
EN ⇄ JA strip
Related
Examples
Derivations
Open items
Corpus and sources

Open items

The two と phrases are not stacked. 茶と and 彼と are different clauses of 交換する. Cambridge prints for and with as separate patterns. The gloss exchange X for Y with Z is the unprinted stack. The constructed clause with 田中さんと and 茶と is not a grammatical claim.
A partner in に or から is unprinted. The に the articles print on 取り替える, 換える, 両替する, and, in Wiktionary, on 交換する, is the new item. It is not a person. No line opened here prints the partner as に or as から.
お金を円に換える is unprinted as that string. The printed money lines are 円をドルに換える, 現金に換える, 小銭に換える, and 小切手を現金に換える. The constructed clause uses those particles. It is not a dictionary line.
敦信と is on 会い. Wiktionary, secondary, quotes 山本周五郎, 敦信と会い、今後の方針に就いて意見を交換した. The と belongs to 会い. It is not cited here as the partner of 交換した.
Books not opened. 大辞林 and 明鏡国語辞典 were not opened. A separate article for 見交わす was not opened. The glance line used here is 顔を見交わす, inside the 交わす article. Japanese Wiktionary is a secondary source for the LED line and the card line. Its pronunciation note cites 新明解 and 大辞林. Those two books were not opened, and the pronunciation note does not decide と against に.

Corpus filenames and sources checked

Dictionary frames: デジタル大辞泉, for 交換, 取り替える, 換える, 両替, 交わす, and 言葉を交わす; 精選版日本国語大辞典, for 交換 and 取り替える; 研究社新和英中辞典, for 交換; 斎藤和英大辞典 and プログレッシブ和英中辞典, as Weblio prints them, for 交換. English: Cambridge, learner and business, exchange, as cited on the Portuguese page. Japanese Wiktionary was opened as a secondary source. 大辞林 and 明鏡国語辞典 were not opened. Sibling pages: exchange-de, exchange-fr, exchange-es, exchange-it, exchange-pt, exchange-ru, exchange, buy-ja, sell-ja. Constructed clauses reuse a printed particle with 彼 and 田中さん, or put お金を and 円に in one clause where no article prints them together. Index 2 does not list Japanese for this class.

デジタル大辞泉 · 交換 kotobank.jp · 交換 · sense 1 意見を交換する · 現金と交換に品物を渡す · senses 2 and 3 off the goods frame
精選版日本国語大辞典 · 交換 kotobank.jp · 交換 · 中村正直通用銀を · これと
研究社新和英中辞典 · 交換 kotobank.jp · jeword · 交換 · 塩を茶と · 新しいのと · 彼と席を · 名刺を · 意見を
斎藤和英大辞典 · 交換 ejje.weblio.jp · 交換 · 古い馬をやって若い馬と交換した · English for
プログレッシブ和英中辞典 · 交換 ejje.weblio.jp · 交換 · the block headed こうかん５ · 中古の車を売って新車と交換する · 意見を交換した
デジタル大辞泉 · 取り替える kotobank.jp · 取替える · head 取（り）替える／取（り）換える · 友達と時計を · 円をドルに
精選版日本国語大辞典 · 取り替える kotobank.jp · 取替える · 源氏物語しるしにとりかへて
デジタル大辞泉 · 換える kotobank.jp · 換える · 円をドルに · 現金に · 小銭に · 小切手を現金に換える
デジタル大辞泉 · 両替 kotobank.jp · 両替 · 千円札を · 円をドルに · 当たり馬券を off the currency frame
デジタル大辞泉 · 交わす kotobank.jp · 交わす · あいさつを · 約束を · 顔を見交わす · 枝を off the speech frame
デジタル大辞泉 · 言葉を交わす kotobank.jp · 言葉を交わす · 初めて彼女と
日本語版ウィクショナリー · 交換 ja.wiktionary.org · 交換 · secondary · LED蛍光管に · 佐々木邦名刺を · 山本周五郎敦信と is on 会い
Cambridge · exchange dictionary.cambridge.org · exchange · for a larger size · with sb · as cited on the Portuguese page
Sibling pages exchange-pt · por · com · exchange-es · por · con · exchange-fr · contre · avec · exchange-de · gegen+accusative · mit+dative · exchange-it · con · exchange-ru · на · с · exchange · stub · buy-ja · sell-ja

Records 交換する with the thing given in を and the thing received in と. The partner is the same と: 彼と席を交換した. A clause with both と phrases is unprinted, and a partner in に or から is unprinted. 取り替える prints 円をドルに and, in another example, 友達と. 換える and 両替する print に of the target money. 交わす takes あいさつを, and 言葉を交わす takes the partner in と.

Arguments

Places · who wears which marking

EN ⇄ JA valency strip

茶と · for a larger size

彼と · 友達と · with sb

ドルに · 友達と

円をドルに · 現金に

千円札を · 円をドルに

あいさつを · 彼女と

partner と and counter-Theme と

Related · に on 売る and 買う, and the other exchange pages

Examples

Derivations · working sketches, revisable

The subject · Agent

Theme · counter-Theme と

Partner · the same と

Goal · に of the new item

English counterpart · for, with, and one と

Open items

Corpus filenames and sources checked