rent · Mandarin (出租) — Event-Structure Dictionary

Arguments

Lessor, Lessee, Property · the sum is the nouns 租金 and 房租, and sense 3 of 租 · 给 of a person unprinted on 出租 · 向 / 跟 / 从 of an owner unprinted on 租用 and 承租 · working claim, revisable

Voice[Lessor of 出租 ∨ Lessee of 租 sense 1 / 租用 / 承租] + Theme (the goods) · bare 租 also has the lessor sense · Lessee 给+DP unprinted on 出租 · Lessor 向/跟/从+DP unprinted on the lessee lemmas · Price the nouns 租金 and 房租 · a numeral MeasureP unprinted · Period 两年 unprinted

A commercial rental, on this reading, has a Lessor, a Lessee, the Property, and a Price. A period may be named. They are not four or five equal sisters of one Mandarin verb. The seventh edition of 现代汉语词典 files both directions on bare 租. Sense 1 is 租用, examples 租房 and 租了一辆汽车. Sense 2 is 出租, example 这个书店开展租书业务. The separate article 出租 is the lessor wording: charge a price and let someone else use the thing for a time, examples 出租图书 and 出租房屋. The article 租用 is the lessee wording: use someone else’s thing on condition of returning it and paying, example 租用家具. The article 承租 is accepting a letting, or 租用, examples 承租人 and 承租公房. No example in those four articles prints 给 of a person, 向 or 跟 or 从 of an owner, a numeral of money, or 两年. The sum is a noun: 租金, 房租, and sense 3 of 租, the money or goods taken for the letting. There is no case ending on the noun.

What is different from the English gloss. English rent is direction-neutral. The subject can be either party, and the direction sits in the preposition: rent the house to a student and rent a house from the owner. Rent out and let are lessor-only, and they still take to. Bare 租 keeps both directions, as two senses of one lemma, the way English keeps them on one verb. CC-CEDICT’s line for 租 lists to hire, to rent, to charter, to rent out, to lease out, and the nouns rent and land tax. The seventh edition’s 出租 is the lessor-only lemma, and Collins Chinese Dictionary Plus glosses that lemma let, with 有房出租. The current CC-CEDICT line for 出租 is only “to rent”. It does not print “to rent out”. The outward glosses in that file sit on 租 and on 租让. Rent … to is not a printed 给 inside the 出租 examples. Rent … from is not a printed 向, 跟, or 从 on 租用 or 承租. CC-CEDICT’s parenthetical on 租用 is English, “to rent (sth from sb)”. It is not a Chinese coverb. The cross-strait dictionary prints the coverbs on a different lemma, 租借: 游客向店铺租借古装拍照, and 那台扫描器已经租借给别人了. French louer keeps both directions and prints à for the other party. Bulgarian давам под наем splits the lemma. Mandarin’s printed cut, in the seventh edition, is the sense of 租 and the choice of 出租 against 租用 or 承租.

Places · who wears which marking

The seventh edition does not put lessor, lessee, property, a sum, and a period in one clause. The lessor lines have the goods. The lessee lines have the goods. The person after 给, and the shop after 向, are printed on 租借 in the cross-strait dictionary. The sum sits on the nouns 租金 and 房租.

Printed lessor frame · the goods are the object · no lessee · no sum

✓ 出租房屋现代汉语词典第7版 · 出租

chūzū fángwū · let-out house · let a house

Printed lessee frame · the goods are the object · no source phrase

✓ 租了一辆汽车现代汉语词典第7版 · 租 sense 1 · 租用

zū le yí liàng qìchē · rent LE one CL car · rented a car

Printed lessor line of 租借 · 给 names the other person · not the article 出租

✓ 那臺掃描器已經租借給別人了两岸通用词典 · Taiwan volume · 租借 sense 2 · 出租

nà tái sǎomiáoqì yǐjīng zūjiè gěi biérén le · that CL scanner already rent-borrow give other-person LE · that scanner has already been rented to someone else

Places of 出租 and 租: introducer, Mandarin marking, case status, English and sibling marking
Place	Introduced by (working)	Mandarin marking	Case status	English and the live siblings
Lessor	Spec,Voice of 出租 · also sense 2 of 租, of 租赁, and of 租借	subject of the lessor sense · 这个书店 · 这家公司 · 修车铺 · no case ending	on 租用 and 承租, 向, 跟, and 从 of an owner are unprinted · 向店铺 is printed on 租借 in the cross-strait dictionary · it is not moved onto 租用	subject of rent … to and of rent out · from of rent … from · subject of давам под наем · subject of louer when the owner lets
Lessee	Spec,Voice of 租 sense 1, of 租用, and of 承租 · a 给-person on 出租 is unprinted	subject of the lessee sense · 承租人 · 丁先生打算承租这个店面 · the noun 租户 is in the seventh-edition text as the person who rents a house or a thing	no dative ending · 给别人 is printed on 租借 in the cross-strait dictionary, and inside the definition of 转租 · 出租图书 and 出租房屋 do not fill it · a double-object line 租给他一套房子 is unprinted · it is not ranked against 出租	to when the English subject is the lessor · subject of rent … from · à of louer · на unfilled in the Bulgarian rent example
Property	complement of the rent root	the one object · 房, 一辆汽车, 图书, 房屋, 家具, 公房, 两间平房, 建筑机械, 自行车	no accusative ending · 把闲置的房屋租出去 fronts the house, on 租借 · 把租来的东西再租给别人 fronts the thing, in the definition of 转租 · a 把-house on the article 出租 is unprinted	direct object · the one object of давам под наем and of leie ut
Price	the nouns 租金 and 房租 · sense 3 of 租 · a MeasureP on the verb is unprinted	租金 is the money for renting a house, land, or a thing · 房租 is the money for renting a house · sense 3 is the money or goods taken in for the letting · 房租 · 地租 · 减租减息	the noun is the compensation · 一个月三千块 is unprinted · 以…的价格 is unprinted · CC-CEDICT’s 租金 is the noun rent · not filed as the verb’s MeasureP	for + MeasureP · the noun наем on Bulgarian rent · mot in the Norwegian definitions
Period	a duration after 了 is unprinted · unranked	租了一辆汽车 · 租赁了两间平房 · 包租 sense 3 is use by one party for a stretch of time, example 包租汽车	了 is printed in those two examples · 两年 is unprinted · argument versus adjunct unprinted · not a price · not given a seat as a fifth sister · 出租汽车 is the taxi noun, and its definition names charging by distance or by time	for a period · за два дни where the Bulgarian page prints a period

Marking map. The sense, or the lemma, chooses the direction. Read the headword, then the object that is actually printed. 给别人 is on 租借. 向店铺 is on 租借. 向外 on 租赁 is not a person. 租金 is the noun.

The object of the property. Sense 1 of 租 prints 房 and 一辆汽车. 出租 prints 图书 and 房屋. 租用 prints 家具. 承租 prints 公房. Sense 1 of 租赁 prints 两间平房. Sense 2 prints 建筑机械. Sense 2 of 租借 prints 自行车. The object is the thing whose use is transferred for a time. It is not the price. The noun shows no case ending.
Subject of 出租, the lessor. The seventh edition’s gloss is charging a price and letting someone else use the thing for a time. Sense 2 of 租 puts the bookstore in the subject of 开展, and 租书 is the business. Sense 2 of 租赁 puts the company in the subject: 这家公司向外租赁建筑机械. Sense 2 of 租借 puts the repair shop in the subject: 修车铺租借自行车. The lessee is not the subject of those lines. English rent can still take the lessee as subject of the same verb. The article 出租 does not. See the lemma.
租赁 and 租借 beside 租. Both articles split the same way the character does. Sense 1 is 租用. Sense 2 is 出租. CC-CEDICT does not print that split: 租赁 is to rent, to lease, to hire, and 租借 is to rent, to lease. The seventh edition does print it. Neither article is a second page.
Subject of 租用 and of 承租, the lessee. The seventh edition’s gloss of 租用 is using someone else’s thing on condition of giving it back and paying. 承租 is accepting a letting, or 租用. 重編國語辭典, as 汉典 prints the example, has 丁先生打算承租这个店面来开设餐厅. The subject takes the shopfront. CC-CEDICT glosses 承租人 as leaser, tenant, and 承租方 as the hiring side of a contract. Collins files the house and the car under the lessee numbering of 租, and files rent out as a third gloss of the same character.
给 of a person is unprinted on 出租. 向 of an owner is unprinted on 租用. 出租图书 and 出租房屋 name the goods. 租给 is not a headword in the seventh edition and not a headword in CC-CEDICT. The string 租给 is inside the definition of 转租: 把租来的东西再租给别人. 出顶, marked dialect, is renting on to someone else a house one has oneself rented: 把自己租到的房屋转租给别人. 东家 includes the landlord who rented land to the tenant: 租给他土地. That 给 is inside a noun definition. It is not an example of 出租. The cross-strait dictionary’s lessor example of 租借 is 那台扫描器已经租借给别人了, and the same article’s other lessor example is 把闲置的房屋租出去. 出去 is the outward complement. It is not 给. The lessee example in that article is 游客向店铺租借古装拍照. 向 introduces the shop. 跟 and 从 of an owner are unprinted in the entries read. Which of 出租 and 租 plus 给 is more common is unprinted. It is not ranked. A line 把房子租给他, and a line 租给他一套房子, are unprinted. They are not constructed as frames. On 卖 the page writes the buyer with 给. That sale is not this rental.
向外 is not a person. Sense 2 of 租赁 is 这家公司向外租赁建筑机械. The seventh edition glosses that sense 出租. 外 is the outward place word. It is not a lessee and not a lessor. It is the one 向 in the seventh-edition rent articles read here. The cross-strait 向店铺 is a person-or-shop phrase, and it sits on the lessee sense of 租借.
The nouns 租金 and 房租, and sense 3 of 租. 租金 is the money paid to rent a house, land, or a thing. 房租 is the money paid to rent a house. Sense 3 of 租 is the money or goods the letting brings in: 房租, 地租, 减租减息. CC-CEDICT glosses 租金 as rent and 房租 as rent for a room or house. A numeral measure such as 一个月三千块, and a phrase 以…的价格, are unprinted on 出租, 租, 租用, and 承租. They are not filed as the verb’s MeasureP.
了, and the period. 租了一辆汽车 and 租赁了两间平房 print 了 before the object. A duration such as 两年 after that 了 is unprinted. 包租 sense 3 is rental by one party for a stretch of time, example 包租汽车. The stretch is the definition’s wording. It is not a duration complement of 租. 出租汽车 is a noun, a car for temporary hire, usually charged by distance or by time, also called 出租车. That time is the taxi’s charging basis. It is not a period of 出租房屋. See voice.
Neighbours, one paragraph, not pages. 转租 is renting on to someone else a thing one has rented. The definition prints 把 and 给别人. 出顶 is the dialect neighbour of that, with the house. 包租 sense 1 is renting in so as to rent on. Sense 2 is a land-rent arrangement. Sense 3 is exclusive use for a period. 招租 is inviting people to take a lease, example 招租启事. The person is the object of 招. 二房东, in the seventh-edition text, is the person who rents on a house he has rented and takes the difference. CC-CEDICT’s 租让 is to lease out, to rent one’s property out to somebody else. 分租 in that file is a landlord renting out part of a property, or a tenant subletting part. None of those is given 出租’s examples as its own page. Person-hire is not a sense of 租 in the articles read. Collins’s hire gloss of a car, a bicycle, or a tape is the English wording of the lessee sense.

EN ⇄ ZH valency strip

Each row lines up one English slot with its Mandarin slot. The alignment type says what happens to the slot: = (same status), shift (structural ↔ oblique), or a lexical split of the subject’s direction. Printed lines come first. The one constructed Mandarin sentence joins two printed shapes and adds no coverb. It shows the working alignment, not frequency, and not a bilingual corpus.

English–Mandarin valency alignment for rent / 出租, one row per argument
Slot	EN form	ZH form	Align	EN example	ZH example
Lessor as subject	SUBJ of rent … to · SUBJ of rent out · SUBJ of let	subject of 出租 · sense 2 of 租 · sense 2 of 租赁 and of 租借	= for this direction · the lemma is not the lessee’s · French louer keeps both · Bulgarian uses давам под наем	let the house gloss of the seventh-edition example	出租房屋第7版 · 修车铺租借自行车第7版 · 租借
Lessee as subject	SUBJ of rent … from · SUBJ of hire	subject of 租 sense 1 · 租用 · 承租	same character, a different sense · or a different lemma · French keeps louer · Bulgarian uses наемам	rent a car gloss	租了一辆汽车第7版 · 承租公房第7版
Lessee (给)	to + DP	给 + a person · unprinted on 出租	English to is not a printed person-phrase on 出租 · the cross-strait dictionary prints 给别人 on 租借 · French prints à	to someone else English only, on this lemma	给别人两岸 · 租借 · not 出租 · 给 on 出租 — unprinted · not constructed as a frame
Lessor (source)	from + DP	向 / 跟 / 从 unprinted on 租用 and 承租	English from is not a printed source phrase on those lemmas · 向店铺 is printed on 租借 · CC-CEDICT’s “from sb” is the English parenthesis	from the shop English only, on 租用	向店铺两岸 · 租借 · 从 — unprinted · not constructed as a frame
Property	OBJ	the one object · no case ending · or 把-fronted on 租借 and inside 转租	=	rent a house gloss	房屋 · 家具 · 一辆汽车第7版
Price	for + MeasureP	the nouns 租金 and 房租 · sense 3 of 租	English for + a sum is not a printed verb phrase · the printed sum is the noun	the rent for a house gloss of the noun	房租第7版 · noun · 租金第7版 · noun
Period	time expression · status open	了 in two examples · 两年 unprinted · 包租 names a stretch of time	printed as 了, or as the definition of 包租 · argument vs adjunct open · not a price	for two years English only	租了一辆汽车第7版 · no duration

The strip below is a set of small multiples. Each card holds one frame, with English on top and Mandarin under it. The lessor card is 出租. The lessee-subject card is bare 租, and its source phrase is unprinted. The price card keeps the noun’s sum apart from the verb. The 给 card is 租借, not 出租.

EN · ZH · 出租 = lessor

出租

Let a house.

出租房屋。

ZH · 第7版 · the house is the object · no 给 · no price · CC-CEDICT glosses this lemma “to rent” · Collins Plus glosses it let

RolesHide roles Property

Property 房屋 Lessor subject of 出租

Move English to a person → unprinted on this lemma · the lessee as subject is 租 sense 1

EN · ZH · lessee = subject

租

I rented a car.

租了一辆汽车。

ZH · 第7版 · sense 1 租用 · the car is the object · no 向 · CC-CEDICT also lists “to rent out” on this character

RolesHide roles LesseeProperty

Lessee subject of 租 Property 一辆汽车

Move English rent … from → 租 sense 1 · 从 unprinted

EN · ZH · noun = the sum

房租

the rent for a house

房租

ZH · 第7版 · noun · no finite verb · not a MeasureP of 出租 or of 租 · 租金 is the money for a house, land, or a thing

RolesHide roles Price

Noun 房租

Move for + MeasureP on the verb → unprinted · the sum is the noun

EN · ZH · 给 = on 租借

租借给

It has been rented to someone else.

那臺掃描器已經租借給別人了。

ZH · 两岸通用词典 · 租借 sense 2 · 给别人 · the same article’s 向店铺 is the lessee line · neither coverb is in the 出租 examples

RolesHide roles PropertyLessee

Property 扫描器 Lessee 给别人

Move English to → 给 on 租借 · unprinted on 出租

Examples

Argument difference. English rent the house to a student and rent a house from the owner keep one verb and put the direction in to or from, and the price in for. Mandarin writes both directions as senses of 租, writes the lessor examples of the separate lemma as 出租 plus the goods, and writes the lessee examples as 租用 or 承租 plus the goods. A person after 给 on 出租, an owner after 向 or 跟 or 从 on 租用, and a sum in a measure phrase are unprinted. The cross-strait dictionary writes 给别人 and 向店铺 on 租借. French writes à on one lemma. Bulgarian writes a different lemma for each direction, and does not fill на inside the rent example. The property is the one object on the Mandarin lemmas read here.

Dictionary lines · checked · quoted as printed

租 zū ❶ 〈动〉租用：～房｜～了一辆汽车。❷ 〈动〉出租：这个书店开展～书业务。❸ 出租所收取的金钱或实物：房～｜地～｜减～减息。现代汉语词典第7版 · hanzi8 · 租 · senses 4 and 5 are the old land tax and a surname

zū fáng · rent room · zū le yí liàng qìchē · rent LE one CL car · zhège shūdiàn kāizhǎn zū shū yèwù · this bookstore start rent-book business

出租 chūzū 〈动〉收取一定的代价，让别人暂时使用：～图书｜～房屋。第7版 · 出租 · no 给 · no sum

chūzū túshū · let-out books · chūzū fángwū · let-out house

租用 zūyòng 〈动〉以归还原物并付给一定代价为条件而使用别人的东西：～家具。第7版 · 租用 · no 向 · no sum

zūyòng jiājù · rent-use furniture

承租 chéngzū 〈动〉接受出租；租用：～人｜～公房。第7版 · 承租 · no source phrase

chéngzū rén · accept-rent person · chéngzū gōngfáng · accept-rent public-housing

租赁 zūlìn ❶ 租用：～了两间平房。❷ 出租：这家公司向外～建筑机械。第7版 · 租赁 · 向外 is not a person

zūlìn le liǎng jiān píngfáng · rent LE two CL one-story-house · zhè jiā gōngsī xiàng wài zūlìn jiànzhù jīxiè · this CL company toward outside rent construction machinery

租借 zūjiè ❶ 租用：～剧场开会。❷ 出租：修车铺～自行车。第7版 · 租借 · no 给 in these two examples

1. 承租。這間實驗室是～來的。遊客向店鋪～古裝拍照。2. 出租。把閒置的房屋～出去。那臺掃描器已經～給別人了。两岸通用词典 · Taiwan volume · same hanzi8 page · 向店铺 · 给别人 · 租出去

yóukè xiàng diànpù zūjiè gǔzhuāng pāizhào · tourist toward shop rent-borrow costume take-photo · bǎ xiánzhì de fángwū zū chūqù · BA idle house rent out-go · zūjiè gěi biérén · rent-borrow give other-person

转租〈动〉把租来的东西再租给别人。 · 出顶〈方〉把自己租到的房屋转租给别人。 · 东家佃户称租给他土地的地主。第7版 · 转租 · 出顶 · 东家 · 给 is not on the 出租 examples

租金〈名〉租房屋、土地或物品的钱。 · 房租〈名〉租房屋的钱。第7版 · 租金 · 房租 · the sum is not a verb frame

丁先生打算承租这个店面来开设餐厅。汉典 · 国语辞典 · zdic · 承租 · lessee subject · shopfront object · no source · no sum

Dīng xiānsheng dǎsuàn chéngzū zhège diànmiàn lái kāishè cāntīng · Ding Mr plan accept-rent this shopfront come open restaurant

to hire; to rent; to charter; to rent out; to lease out; rent; land tax · 出租 to rent · 租用 to lease; to hire; to rent (sth from sb) · 承租 to rent; to lease · 租让 to lease out; to rent (one’s property out to sb else) CC-CEDICT · MDBG UTF-8 export 2026-10-07 · 出租 is not glossed “to rent out” in that line · “from sb” is English

租 [zū] 1. (租用: 房屋) rent 2. (租用: 汽车、自行车、录像带) hire, rent 3. (出租) rent out · 出租 let · 有房出租 Collins Chinese–English · collinsdictionary · 租 · Collins Chinese Dictionary Plus, 3rd ed. 2011, as WordReference prints 出租

The string below that is not in the block above is constructed. It joins 这个书店 from sense 2 of 租 with 出租图书 from the article 出租. It adds no 给, no 向, and no sum. It is not a dictionary line.

✓ 出租房屋

RolesHide roles Property

Property 房屋 · fángwū

第7版 · no 给 · no price

✓ 租了一辆汽车

RolesHide roles Property

Property 一辆汽车 · yí liàng qìchē

第7版 · sense 1 · 了 printed · no duration · no 向

✓ 这家公司向外租赁建筑机械

RolesHide roles LessorProperty

Lessor 这家公司 Direction 向外 · not a person Property 建筑机械

第7版 · 租赁 sense 2 · glossed 出租

✓ 遊客向店鋪租借古裝拍照

RolesHide roles LesseeProperty

Lessee 游客 Source 向店铺 Property 古装

两岸 · 租借 sense 1 · 向 of the shop · not on 租用

✓ 那臺掃描器已經租借給別人了

RolesHide roles PropertyLessee

Property 扫描器 Lessee 给别人

两岸 · 租借 sense 2 · 给 · not the article 出租

✓ 这个书店出租图书。

RolesHide roles LessorProperty

Lessor 这个书店 · zhège shūdiàn Property 图书 · túshū

constructed · 这个书店 is the subject shape of sense 2 of 租 · 出租图书 is the seventh-edition example · no person · no sum · the combination is not one dictionary line

✓ 租 sense 1 租用 · sense 2 出租第7版 · CC-CEDICT lists both directions on this character
✓ 出租 · subject lets the thing · object is the goods 第7版 · 图书 · 房屋 · CC-CEDICT gloss “to rent”
✓ 租用 and 承租 · subject takes the thing 第7版 · 家具 · 公房
✓ the thing is the one object 房屋 · 一辆汽车 · 两间平房
✓ 给别人 and 向店铺 are printed on 租借两岸 · unprinted on 出租 and on 租用
✓ 租金 and 房租第7版 · nouns · a measure phrase on the verb is unprinted
✓ 了 in 租了一辆汽车第7版 · 两年 unprinted
✓ 转租 · 把…再租给别人第7版 · neighbour · not the headword

出租, 给, and the senses of 租

The lemma, or the sense number, is an operation on the direction. It does not add a lessee inside the 出租 examples, and it does not put a source phrase on 租用.

Printed order. In the lessor examples of the seventh edition, the goods follow the verb: 出租房屋, 修车铺租借自行车, 向外租赁建筑机械. 向 in that last line precedes the verb and takes 外. In the cross-strait lessor line, 给别人 follows 租借, and the scanner is the subject. In 把闲置的房屋租出去, 把 fronts the house and 出去 follows 租. A person between 出租 and 房屋 is unprinted. It is not constructed as a rule.

没 and 不 are unprinted on these verbs. No entry read here places 没 or 不 on 出租, 租, 租用, or 承租. A position for them is not given. On 卖 the page writes 没 with 把. That line is not copied here as a frame of the rental.

了 is the character in two examples. 租了一辆汽车. 租赁了两间平房. The seventh edition does not label it. A duration after it is unprinted. There is no aspect-pair header of the kind a Slavic rent page prints. The pairs are not drawn.

Passive. 被 on these verbs is unprinted. 招租 invites someone to take the lease. The subject of that inviting is not a promoted house in the example 招租启事. A passive that makes the lessee the subject and leaves the house as object is unprinted. It is not starred.

给 is not a case ending. The noun after 给 has the form it has elsewhere. 别人 and 他 in 租给他土地 are that form. 出租 prints neither. 卖 is where this dictionary’s sister page writes 给 of a buyer. No such phrase is printed on the 出租 lines read here.

A question for the price. It is not in the rental senses read. No question word is added to the rental frame. The taxi noun’s definition says the car is charged by distance or by time. That is not a question, and it is not 出租房屋.

Derivations · working sketches, revisable

Each sketch is a working drawing, not a locked analysis. The point of the drawing is a lessor shape with 出租, a lessee shape with 租 sense 1 or with 租用, one object, and a price that the dictionaries put on the nouns 租金 and 房租. A 给-person on 出租 and a 向-owner on 租用 are not in the drawing, because they are unprinted there. The coverbs that are printed are drawn on 租借. Open one sketch at a time. Which theta role is the object in this low domain is the revisable note Causative templates and argument selection. This page does not edit that note.

Voice · the subject’s direction is the sense, or the lemma

Two external arguments · 出租 on the lessor examples · the other party is not in Voice of that article

[VoiceP  Voice                     ← Lessor, 出租 / 租 sense 2
  … 房屋 …]

[VoiceP  Voice                     ← Lessee, 租 sense 1 / 租用 / 承租
  … 汽车 …]

✓ 出租房屋 · 租了一辆汽车第7版 · one character, two senses · and a lessor-only lemma

English rent allows either external argument and puts the direction in to or from. French louer allows either external argument. Bare 租 allows either, as sense 1 against sense 2. 出租 is the lessor’s external argument in the separate article. 租用 and 承租 are the lessee’s. The coverb is not given a seat inside the 出租 examples.

给 unprinted on 出租 · 向 printed on 租借

The printed lessor line of 出租 has the object · a person PP is not in that tree · the cross-strait 给 is a different lemma · working

[VoiceP Voice                         ← Lessor, 出租
  [VP 出租
     [Theme 房屋 ]]]                   ← 给 unprinted

[VoiceP Voice                         ← Lessee, 租用
  [VP 租用
     [Theme 家具 ]]]                   ← 向 / 跟 / 从 unprinted

[VoiceP Voice                         ← 租借, 两岸
  [VP 租借
     [Theme 扫描器 ]
     [给 别人 ]]]                      ← printed · not moved onto 出租

[VoiceP 游客 Voice                    ← 租借, 两岸
  [PP 向 店铺 ]
  [VP 租借 [Theme 古装 ]]]             ← printed · not moved onto 租用

房屋 and 家具 are printed. A person after 给 is not added to 出租. 给别人 and 向店铺 stay on 租借. A sum beside them is unprinted and is not drawn. French draws the other party of louer as à. Bulgarian draws на as a government label and does not fill it in the rent example. The Mandarin drawing of 出租 has no case ending and no coverb.

✓ 出租房屋 · 租用家具 · 租借给别人第7版 · 两岸

出 the lessor lemma · 出去 the complement on 租借

A compound verb · not a case of the house · the outward complement is a different line

出租房屋                         ← 第7版 · goods after the verb
这个书店开展租书业务               ← 第7版 · 租 sense 2 · 租书 is the business
这家公司向外租赁建筑机械           ← 第7版 · 向外 · not a person
把闲置的房屋租出去                 ← 两岸 · 租借 · 出去 after 租
租借给别人                       ← 两岸 · 给 after the verb

The sourced pieces are the compound 出租, the two senses of 租, and the complement 出去 on the cross-strait 租借 line. The working analysis, revisable, is that 出 in 出租 is part of the lessor lemma in the seventh edition, not a preposition of the lessee and not a case of the house. Norwegian ut on leie ut is a particle on the lessor examples. 出去 is printed after 租 in 租出去. It is not printed after 出租 in the seventh-edition examples. Dutch ver- is a bound prefix. None of those is a 给.

✓ 出租 · 租出去第7版 · 两岸

Price · the nouns 租金 and 房租 · a MeasureP on the verb unprinted

Sense 3 of 租 is the money or the goods · the numeral is unprinted on the verb · 了 is not that sum

租金                               ← 第7版 · noun · house, land, or a thing
房租                               ← 第7版 · noun · a house
房租｜地租｜减租减息               ← 第7版 · 租 sense 3
一个月三千块                       ← unprinted · not drawn as a MeasureP
以…的价格                          ← unprinted · not drawn
租了…两年                          ← unprinted · 了 is not a period

✓ 租金 · 房租 · 租了一辆汽车第7版

The noun’s sum is not a MeasureP of 出租. 房租 is printed. A constructed 三千块 is not added. On 卖 the page writes a price measure. That sale is not this verb. On давам под наем the sum is the noun наем. The Mandarin nouns are the same kind of seat.

English, French, and Bulgarian · where the direction and the lessee are written

Direction in the preposition, in the sense, or in the lemma · a person phrase printed or unprinted · working · no English rent page

[VoiceP Pat Voice                      ← Lessor
  [ApplP Chris Appl                     ← Lessee
    [VP √RENT [Theme the house ]]]]     ← English: to Chris · for a sum
                                        · French: louer … à Chris
                                        · Mandarin: 出租房屋 · 给 unprinted
                                        · 租借给别人 is the other lemma

[VoiceP Chris Voice                     ← Lessee
  [VP √RENT [Theme the house ]
     [PP from Pat ]]]                   ← English: from Pat
                                        · French: à, or the subject
                                        · Mandarin: 租用 · 向 unprinted
                                        · 向店铺 is 租借

English rent keeps both directions and writes them as to and from, with the price in for. French keeps both directions on louer and writes the other party as à. Bulgarian changes the lemma. Bare 租 keeps both directions as numbered senses and does not print the preposition in those examples. 出租 is the lessor lemma in the seventh edition, and the examples name the goods. The cross-strait dictionary writes the prepositions on 租借. That is where the frame diverges from the English gloss: the gloss is one verb with to, from, and for; the seventh-edition frames are senses and lemmas, with the numeral on the nouns 租金 and 房租, and with 给 and 向 printed on 租借 rather than on 出租 and 租用.

Layer-by-layer parallel: English rent, Mandarin 出租 and 租, French louer, Bulgarian давам под наем
Layer	rent (EN) · no page	出租	租 / 租用	louer	давам под наем
Spec,Voice	lessor or lessee	Lessor · CC-CEDICT glosses the lemma “to rent”	either, as two senses of 租 · 租用 and 承租 are lessee lemmas	either · one lemma	Lessor · наемам is the other lemma
other party	to or from	给 unprinted · 给别人 stays on 租借	向 / 跟 / 从 unprinted · 向店铺 stays on 租借	à for either party	на кого in the government · unfilled in the example
object	the thing	the goods · 房屋, 图书	the goods · 房, 汽车, 家具	the thing	the one object · стаята
direction marker	out on rent out · the bare verb stays two-way	出 inside the lemma · 向外 on 租赁 sense 2 · 出去 on the cross-strait 租出去	bare 租 stays two-way · sense 2 is the lessor reading	no particle required · both directions on the verb	под наем on the lessor examples
Price	for · MeasureP	in the definition, a price is charged · the numeral is the noun	付给一定代价 in the 租用 definition · numeral unprinted	pour where that page prints a sum	the noun наем · за-sum unprinted
Period	open	unprinted on the 出租 examples · 包租 names a stretch · unranked	了 printed · 两年 unprinted · unranked	open on that page	за два дни · unranked

On 出租, the subject lets the thing, and the examples do not name who receives the use. On 租用, the subject is the one who takes the use, and no owner is named. On 租借, the cross-strait dictionary names the shop with 向 and the other person with 给. The thing stays one object. 出 marks the lessor lemma. It is not that object.

Notes

Working paper · October 2026 · Mandarin micro-entry · Beyond Index 2

Commercial temporary transfer in Mandarin. Bare 租 has both directions in the seventh edition, sense 1 租用 and sense 2 出租. The lessor lemma is 出租. The lessee lemmas are 租用 and 承租. Lessor: subject of 出租, object the goods. Lessee: subject of 租 sense 1. A 给-person on 出租 and a 向-owner on 租用 are unprinted. 给别人 and 向店铺 are printed on 租借. Property: the one object, no case ending. Price: the nouns 租金 and 房租. A numeral MeasureP is unprinted. Period: 两年 unprinted. 转租 and 包租 are named and are not pages.

ZH micro-entry live Beyond Index 2 给 on 出租 unprinted 向 on 租用 unprinted MeasureP unprinted Period unranked BG давам под наем live FR louer live NO leie ut live

Sense × language: rent · Mandarin (出租). One rental sense on this page, so no subscript. Lessee shapes on this page, not given their own pages: 租 sense 1, 租用, 承租. 租赁 and 租借 are noted from the seventh edition; they are not second pages. Not this frame: the taxi noun 出租汽车, land tax, the surname, 转租, 出顶, 包租. No English rent hub. Geometry neighbors: rent · давам под наем · rent · louer · rent · leie ut · rent · verhuren · sell · 卖 · pay_GIVE · 付. Index 2 Mandarin is Risk / Betting, 赌. This rental is not that citation.

Places
EN ⇄ ZH strip
Examples
出租, 给, and 租
Derivations
Hierarchy
Geometry
Open items
Corpus and sources

Working paper. Mandarin micro-entry, headword 出租. The frames were read in the seventh edition of 现代汉语词典 under 租, 出租, 租用, 承租, 租赁, 租借, 转租, 出顶, 租金, 房租, and 东家, in CC-CEDICT under the same lemmas and under 租让, in the Taiwan volume of 两岸通用词典 under 租借, in Collins under 租 and 出租, and in 重編國語辭典 as 汉典 prints 承租. Those sources print both directions on 租, a lessor article 出租 whose examples are the goods, lessee articles whose examples are the goods, and the sum on the nouns.

Constructed examples. Dictionary lines are marked as printed. 这个书店出租图书 is constructed on the bookstore of sense 2 of 租 and on 出租图书. A 给-person on 出租, a 向-owner on 租用, a numeral measure, and 租了两年 are not constructed as frames.

Arity. Index 2 does not list this rental. Index 2 Mandarin is 赌. Surface count can name a lessor, a lessee, a property, and a price. The lexicon does not list them as four co-arguments of one flat verb. The sense or the lemma chooses the direction. Voice adds one party. The root takes the thing. A period is not filed as a fifth sister. 出 is part of the lessor lemma, not a second object.

What this page does not do. The taxi noun 出租汽车, the land tax, and the surname stay off this rental frame. 转租, 出顶, and 包租 stay on this page. No English page of rent is opened. No second Mandarin page is opened for 租用, 承租, 租赁, or 租借.

Hierarchy

Not a flat grid of four sisters of one verb. A flat grid would give 出租 a printed person in 给, or give 租用 a printed owner under 向, or treat 了 as a period. 出租 shows a lessor subject and one object. 租 sense 1 shows a lessee subject and one object.

The compensation wording is the noun. A numeral measure on the verb is unprinted. 两年 is not a price. The sum is 租金 or 房租.

What Mandarin changes, against the English gloss rent, is where the direction is written. English writes to and from on one verb, and for on the sum. The seventh edition writes both directions as senses of 租, writes 出租 for the lessor article and 租用 or 承租 for the lessee articles, and does not print 给 or 向 inside those articles. The cross-strait dictionary writes 给 and 向 on 租借. What Mandarin changes against Bulgarian is the lemma cut. Bulgarian uses a different verb for each direction. Bare 租 keeps both. There is no dative ending on the noun in either language.

Geometry · 出租 beside the live roots

In 出租房屋, a house is let, and no person is named. In 租了一辆汽车, the subject takes the use, and no source is named. In 那台扫描器已经租借给别人了, the other person is named, and the lemma is 租借. 出 names the lessor article. It does not name the person. A clause with only the house does not, by a coverb of 出租, say both directions. 出租 says the subject lets it. 租 sense 1, in the example, says the subject takes it. Sense 2 of the same character says the bookstore lets books.

English rent. One verb. The subject is the lessor with to, or the lessee with from. The price is for. The gloss matches both directions of bare 租. It does not match a printed to inside 出租房屋, and the lessee articles do not print from as 从. No English page is opened.
English rent out and let. Lessor as subject. They match the seventh edition’s 出租 as far as the subject, and Collins Plus glosses 出租 as let. They do not match a printed to-person in that article. They do not match 租用. CC-CEDICT’s line for 出租 is “to rent”, so that file does not make the lessor cut the seventh edition makes.
louer. Both directions on one lemma. The ordinary other party is à. Bare 租 keeps both directions and does not print that party. 出租 does not give the owner and the taker one article.
давам под наем. The lessor is давам plus the phrase. The lessee is наемам. на is unfilled in the rent example. Mandarin keeps both directions on 租 and also has the lessor-only 出租. Both languages leave the numeral on a noun, наем there and 房租 here.
leie ut. The lessor examples add the particle ut or bort. The lessee examples are bare leie. 出 is inside the lessor lemma 出租, and 出去 is printed after 租 on the cross-strait 租借 line. A person in til is unprinted there. 给 on 出租 is unprinted here.
verhuren. The lessor is the subject. From the 17th century the WNT names the lessee with aan. The other direction is huren. ver- is bound. 出 is part of 出租, and the rent examples of that article do not print the person that Dutch prints as aan.
vermieten. The lessor is the subject. The lessee is a dative or an plus accusative. The other direction is mieten. Mandarin prints no dative ending. The person phrase that is printed is 给 on 租借.
bérbe ad and сдавать and wynająć. Hungarian and Russian split the lemma. Polish keeps both directions and writes a dative lessee. Mandarin keeps both directions on 租 and writes no dative ending. The printed person marker is 给 or 向 on 租借.
alquilar and affittare. Spanish keeps both directions on one lemma, and the a-phrase does not choose the party. Italian usually splits the theme, a dwelling against a movable. Bare 租 keeps both directions. The seventh edition does not make that theme split: a room, a car, furniture, a flat, and construction machinery are all printed somewhere in the entries read.
卖. That page writes the buyer with 给 and can front the goods with 把. 出租 does not print 给 in the examples read, and a 把-house is printed on 租借 and inside 转租, not in the 出租 examples. The sale is not a rental.
付. The price root on the sister page writes 给 of a recipient. On the nouns 租金 and 房租, the definitions name the money. That payment is not a MeasureP of 出租.

Open items

A person after 给 on 出租. Unprinted in 出租图书 and 出租房屋. 给别人 is 租借. 再租给别人 is the definition of 转租. 租给他土地 is inside 东家. Not starred. Not constructed as a frame. Not ranked against 租 plus 给 for frequency. 租给 is not a headword in the seventh edition or in CC-CEDICT.
向, 跟, or 从 of the lessor on 租用 or 承租. Unprinted as a clause of those lemmas. Not starred. Not constructed as a frame. 向店铺 is the cross-strait lessee line of 租借. 向外 is the lessor sense of 租赁, and 外 is not a person. CC-CEDICT’s “from sb” on 租用 is English.
把房子租给他 and 租给他一套房子. Unprinted. 把闲置的房屋租出去 is printed, and it has 出去, not 给他. 把租来的东西再租给别人 is the definition of 转租. Not moved onto 出租 as a double-object frame.
A numeral measure, and 以…的价格. Unprinted. The definitions name a price. The printed sum is 租金 or 房租, or sense 3 of 租. Not constructed as a MeasureP of 出租.
租了两年. Unprinted. 了 is printed in 租了一辆汽车 and 租赁了两间平房. 包租 names a stretch of time in the definition. Argument versus adjunct is not ranked.
没 and 不. Unprinted on these rental verbs. No order is constructed.
A lessee-subject of a 被 passive. Unprinted. Not starred.
出租汽车. The taxi noun. Charging by distance or by time is that noun’s definition. Not a clause of 出租房屋.
CC-CEDICT’s gloss of 出租. The 2026-10-07 line is “to rent”. The seventh edition’s definition is the lessor reading, and Collins Plus glosses the lemma let. The two glosses are both printed. They are not ranked into one.

Corpus filenames and sources checked

Dictionary frames: 现代汉语词典 第7版, the character 租, the verb 出租, the verb 租用, the verb 承租, the verb 租赁, the verb 租借, the verb 转租, the verb 出顶, the nouns 租金 and 房租, and the noun 东家. CC-CEDICT, MDBG UTF-8 export dated 2026-10-07, the same lemmas and 租让. 两岸通用词典, Taiwan volume, 租借. Collins Chinese–English, 租, and Collins Chinese Dictionary Plus, 出租. 重編國語辭典 as 汉典 prints 承租. Constructed material is one clause, 这个书店出租图书. Index 2 does not list this rental.

第7版 · 租 hanzi8 · 租 · sense 1 租房 · 租了一辆汽车 · sense 2 租书业务 · sense 3 房租
第7版 · 出租 · 租用 · 承租出租 · 租用 · 承租 · goods only
第7版 · 租赁 · 租借 · 转租 · 出顶 · 东家租赁 · 向外 · 租借 · 转租 · 出顶 · 东家 · 租给他土地
第7版 · nouns 租金 · 房租
两岸通用词典 · 租借 hanzi8 · 两岸 · 租借 · 向店铺 · 租出去 · 租借给别人
CC-CEDICT MDBG · CC-CEDICT · export 2026-10-07 · 租 to rent / to rent out · 出租 to rent · 租用 to rent (sth from sb) · 租让 to lease out
Collins · 租 · 出租 collinsdictionary · 租 · sense 1 and 2 租用 · sense 3 rent out · Plus gloss of 出租 is let · 有房出租
国语辞典 · 承租 zdic · 承租 · 丁先生打算承租这个店面来开设餐厅

Records 出租 as the lessor article and bare 租 as both directions. Records 租用 and 承租 as the lessee articles. Records 给 and 向 on 租借. Records the nouns 租金 and 房租 as the sum, and one object, and no case ending. Leaves a 给-person on 出租, a source phrase on 租用, a numeral measure, and 两年 unprinted. Does not open a separate page for 租用, 承租, 租赁, 租借, 转租, or 包租.