Working paper.
German micro-entry opening Group D deduct after Group C closed on live
Polish odjąć / potrącić (Done=95), beside live
Hungarian levon / terhel (Done=93) and live
Bulgarian отчислявам / удържам (Done=94). Group D FEE stays closed on
Norwegian belaste. Geometry from
Lexical_Entry_Deduct_Argument_Structure (Parse B: one MeasureP, Domain under Appl_FROM, Reason high), with denomination WH from
WH_Movement_Denominations_Deduct and Neg association from
Negative_Questions_Deduct. The working cloth is the affirmative of the
von+DAT string that
credit-fin-de.html already stars for
gutschreiben. That affirmative is constructed. It is not a spontaneous-speech citation, and it is not new elicitation.
charge-fee-de.html already uses
abgezogen when it names this
von Domain cloth. This page files both participles on that one cloth. It does not import a Duden quotation, and it does not invent a second geometry.
Constructed examples.
Frames below package that cloth: von+DAT Domain, accusative MeasureP, separable ab, MeasureP integrity, the Initiator filter, and the decrement / increment / levy split. Decrement-true of ⟨n,U⟩ from the Domain is e2. HAS_ON_BOOKS is creditFIN (gutschreiben). Debit / OWE is chargeFEE (berechnen / belasten). Payout is a later bezahlen / überweisen, not e2 of abbuchen. Do not fake elicitation. German Perfekt does not agree in gender. The decimal 0,3 ETH does not spell accusative against genitive. A noun MeasureP (den Betrag, not *des Betrages) and a counted QP (drei Beträge, not *dreier Beträge) show that nicht leaves the accusative in place. There is no Slavic aspect pair: bucht … ab and hat … abgebucht are the same lemma. von jedem Konto is dative because von takes the dative. That dative is not genitive of negation, and German has no genitive of negation to import from Polish.
Beyond Index 2.
Index 2 does not list
deduct. German Payment cites
bezahlen, überweisen (Vol. 7).
abbuchen sits Beyond Index 2 as a measuring companion, beside live
berechnen / belasten and live
gutschreiben. Payment-true is a later
bezahlen /
überweisen. The levy’s e2 is debit / OWE. The ledger’s e2 is HAS_ON_BOOKS. This root’s e2 is the decrement.
Scout / deferred.
abziehen is the arithmetic / payroll-name companion. Relative productivity against
abbuchen is not ranked. Both lemmas are shown on the same
von+DAT cloth because the FIN reject names
abbuchen and the FEE notes already use
abgezogen. That is one geometry, not a second Case frame and not a Duden quotation. A second source preposition (
aus+DAT) is not ranked beside
von+DAT. Dutch deduct is live at
deduct-nl.html (
afschrijven /
aftrekken). Norwegian deduct is live at
deduct-no.html (
trekke fra /
fradrag, Done=98) and closes Group D. No
credit-merit-bg.html and no
credit-merit-pl.html. sell·Navajo stays deferred.
Hierarchy
Same inventory as English deduct and the Group C twins. Not five sisters of one V. Surface count can name the board, 0,3, ETH, every account, and a Q3 threshold — but Amount and Denomination share one MeasureP, Domain is one von-phrase, and Reason is high / outer. jedem quantifies that one Domain. It is not an extra argument. The same quantifier on the FIN page quantifies one Account in the dative, without von.
Intended labeling (shared English metalanguage)
√DEDUCT + Voice(Agent-ish) + MeasureP ⟨Amount, Denom⟩ + ApplFROM(Domain) · hierarchy Agent-ish > MeasureP > Domain (> outer Reason)
Voice introduces an Agent-ish Initiator (board, bank, clearing house, contract — institutional cause, not required volition). MeasureP ⟨n, U⟩ is Incremental Theme of the decrement — one accusative object (Amount in Spec, Denomination as N). Low Appl_FROM introduces Domain as a set. German spells that Domain with von+DAT (von jedem Konto). Optional high wegen-Reason is outer justification, not FEE’s für Consideration and not earmark’s Purpose. The clothes do not add a DOC of two bare accusative Themes, and they do not copy FIN’s dative Account or auf+ACC onto this root. Sentential nicht does not rewrite the accusative. Polish genitive of negation is a different language’s Case rule. It is not √DEDUCT, and it is not imported here.
0,3 ETH = one MeasureP. Orthography is not extra arity (German decimal comma, the same string already on the live FIN page). Amount and Denomination are both inner arguments of that object. Composition is V(MeasureP), not V(n)(U). Hom(e, ⟨n,U⟩): the decrement is measured by degree n on scale U. The decimal does not display accusative against genitive. The noun and the counted QP do. Leaving the unit outside the MeasureP strands it.
Working hierarchy: Agent-ish > MeasureP ⟨Amount, Denomination⟩ > Domain > Reason. Case ranking on abbuchen is Initiator (subject) > MeasureP (accusative, including under nicht) > Domain (von+DAT). Weather still fails the Initiator. e2 is the decrement. HAS_ON_BOOKS, debit/OWE, and payout are other roots.
German frames · Case clothes
One ranked lemma, abbuchen. Companion abziehen is shown on the same cloth and is not a second frame. The working cloth uses Perfekt hat … abgebucht with subject Der Rat, the same subject as printed hat … gutgeschrieben. The MeasureP is accusative. The Domain is under von+DAT. Separable ab is lemma morphology: right edge in V2, inside the participle, inside the zu-infinitive. A subordinate clause keeps the prefix attached to the verb. Do not conflate this von+DAT Domain with FIN’s dative Account, with FIN’s auf+ACC, with FEE’s für Consideration, or with blame’s accusative Target. V2 and the R-pronoun wovon are not a fourth argument.
- ✓ Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. working cloth · constructed · ACC MeasureP + von+DAT Domain · affirmative of the string FIN rejects
- ✓ Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgezogen. same cloth · companion abziehen · participle the FEE notes already use · unranked · constructed
- ✓ Der Rat bucht 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto ab. V2 · separable ab at the right edge · lemma morphology, like FIN gut · constructed
- ✓ Der Rat zieht 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto ab. V2 · companion · same prefix behaviour · constructed
- ✓ …, dass der Rat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abbucht. subordinate · prefix stays attached · constructed
- ✓ …, dass der Rat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abzieht. subordinate · companion · prefix stays attached · constructed
- ✓ Die Bank hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. Initiator = institution · constructed
- ✓ Das Clearinghouse hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. Initiator = institution · wording matched to FIN · constructed
- ✓ Der Smart Contract hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. Initiator = code · constructed
- ✓ Der Rat hat den Betrag von jedem Konto abgebucht. noun MeasureP · ACC den Betrag visible · masculine · constructed
- ✓ Der Rat hat drei Beträge von jedem Konto abgebucht. counted QP · ACC drei Beträge · one MeasureP · constructed
- ✓ Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto wegen der Schwelle im dritten Quartal abgebucht. outer Reason · wegen · not FEE für · constructed
- ✓ Man hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. man demotion · MeasureP stays ACC · parallel to FIN Man hat … gutgeschrieben
- ✓ Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht. nicht before the participle · decimal does not spell ACC vs GEN · ab stays inside abgebucht · Domain stays von+DAT
- ✓ Der Rat hat den Betrag von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht. ACC stays under nicht · den Betrag · no GEN-neg · constructed
- ✓ Der Rat hat drei Beträge von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht. counted QP stays accusative · unit inside the QP · constructed
- ✓ 0,3 ETH wurde von jedem Konto abgebucht. werden promotes the MeasureP · von here is the Domain · constructed
- ✓ Der Betrag wurde von jedem Konto abgebucht. noun MeasureP promoted · participle uninflected
- ✓ 0,3 ETH wurde durch den Rat von jedem Konto abgebucht. passive agent durch · so von jedem Konto is not read as the agent · constructed
- ✓ FIN contrast, printed: Der Rat hat jedem Konto 0,3 ETH gutgeschrieben. DAT Account · credit-fin-de.html
- ✓ FIN contrast, printed: Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH auf jedes Konto gutgeschrieben. auf+ACC · directional goal of the Account · not a second object
- ✓ FIN contrast, printed: Der Rat schreibt jedem Konto 0,3 ETH gut. V2 · separable gut · same morphology type as ab
- ✓ FIN contrast, printed: 0,3 ETH wurde jedem Konto gutgeschrieben. werden promotes the MeasureP · DAT stays
- ✓ FIN contrast, printed: Jedes Konto bekam 0,3 ETH gutgeschrieben. bekommen-passive of the dative Account · FIN only
- ✓ FEE contrast, on the FEE page: Die Werkstatt hat Pat zwanzig Euro für das Essen berechnet. DAT Payer + ACC MeasureP · für Consideration · charge-fee-de.html
- ✓ FEE contrast, on the FEE page: Was zwanzig berechnen Sie? LBC on the fee QP · e2 there is debit / OWE
- ✓ ATT contrast, printed: Der Rat hat dem Auftragnehmer die vorzeitige Fertigstellung zugeschrieben. ACC = Charge · DAT = Target · attribute-att-de.html
- ✓ MERIT contrast, printed: Die Investoren haben dem Auftragnehmer die vorzeitige Fertigstellung zugeschrieben. same letters · credit-merit-de.html
- ✓ blame contrast, printed: Der Ausschuss beschuldigt den Auftragnehmer der Verspätung. ACC = Target · genitive Charge · blame-de.html
- ✓ blame contrast, printed: Sie beschuldigen ihn wegen der Verspätung. wegen there is Charge content · not deduct Reason
- ✓ HU contrast: A tanács minden számláról 0,3 ETH-t levont. DEL Domain + ACC MeasureP · deduct-hu.html
- ✓ BG contrast: Съветът отчисли 0,3 ETH от сметката. от+Domain · object stays under не · deduct-bg.html
- ✓ PL contrast: Rada odjęła 0,3 ETH z rachunku. ACC MeasureP + z+GEN · deduct-pl.html
- * Der Rat hat des Betrages von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht. genitive MeasureP under nicht · German has no GEN-neg · the form is den Betrag
- * Der Rat hat dreier Beträge von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht. genitive counted QP · the form is drei Beträge
- * Der Rat hat nicht ab 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto gebucht. fake Focus split · ab does not leave the participle · not Hungarian le-
- * Der Rat hat nicht ab 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto gezogen. same fake split on the companion
- * …, dass der Rat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto bucht ab. subordinate clause does not strand ab
- * Der Rat hat jedes Konto 0,3 ETH abgebucht. no DOC of MeasureP + Domain as two bare ACC Themes
- * Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH und jedes Konto abgebucht. no coordination of two bare Themes
- * Der Rat hat jedem Konto 0,3 ETH abgebucht. DAT Account = gutschreiben / TO, not FROM
- * Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH auf jedes Konto abgebucht. auf+ACC = FIN directional Account, not this Domain
- * Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto gutgeschrieben. already starred on FIN · von+DAT is this root, not gutschreiben
- * Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto für ein Bitcoin abgebucht. für is FEE Consideration, not deduct Reason · Reason is wegen
- * Das schlechte Wetter hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. weather ≠ Initiator
- * Jedes Konto wurde 0,3 ETH abgebucht. no promotion of the von-PP Domain
- * Jedes Konto bekam 0,3 ETH abgebucht. bekommen-passive is FIN’s dative Account, not this Domain
No genitive of negation · accusative stays · not the definition
von jedem Konto is dative because von takes the dative. That ending is already there in the affirmative Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. Sentential nicht does not write a genitive on the MeasureP. Polish rewrites tę kwotę to tej kwoty under nie. German does not. The diagnostic uses a masculine noun, because feminine dieser Summe is dative and genitive at once and would not show the cut. Accusative den Betrag stays. Counted accusative drei Beträge stays. The starred strings are des Betrages and dreier Beträge. The decimal 0,3 ETH does not display either ending, so the negative decimal string does not prove the case by itself. The claim of √DEDUCT is the decrement of ⟨n,U⟩ from the Domain. Absence of genitive of negation is Case, not the sense. Bulgarian keeps the object because nominal case is gone. German keeps the accusative because there is no genitive of negation to write.
✓ Der Rat hat den Betrag von jedem Konto abgebucht. affirmative · ACC visible
✓ Der Rat hat den Betrag von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht. ACC under nicht · Domain still von jedem Konto
✓ Der Rat hat drei Beträge von jedem Konto abgebucht. affirmative · counted QP
✓ Der Rat hat drei Beträge von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht. ACC on the whole QP · unit not stranded
* Der Rat hat des Betrages von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht. genitive under nicht · not a German rule
Who is the object
✓ Was hat der Rat von jedem Konto abgebucht? WH = MeasureP
✓ Von welchem Konto hat der Rat 0,3 ETH abgebucht? WH = Domain · von pied-pipes
✓ Wovon hat der Rat 0,3 ETH abgebucht? R-pronoun wovon resumes von · not a fourth argument
* Von welchem hat der Rat Konto 0,3 ETH abgebucht? von does not strand the noun
* Welches Konto hat der Rat 0,3 ETH abgebucht? Domain is not a second bare object
* Jedes Konto wurde 0,3 ETH abgebucht. no promotion of the von-PP
Companion abziehen · not a second geometry
abziehen is the arithmetic and payroll name already paired with abbuchen on credit-fin-de.html. The FEE page’s note of a von source account uses the participle abgezogen. This page therefore files Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgezogen beside the abbuchen cloth. Productivity is not ranked. The separable ab is the same prefix on both lemmas. A cloth that copied FEE’s dative Payer and für Consideration, or belasten’s accusative Payer and mit-Amount, would be a different root’s business. FEE stays on charge-fee-de.html. It is not closed from here, and no payroll-only frame is invented.
MeasureP WH / LBC
abbuchen has a verbal MeasureP. Amount and Denomination compose one measure object. Whole-QP pied-piping is free under Neg. Amount-only is free when the unit is bound. Left-branch extraction of Amount leaving the unit next to the verb is still out — same LBC record as English deduct, sell, chargeFEE, and the live creditFIN twins. von pied-pipes with the Domain. It does not split the MeasureP, and it does not strand. wovon resumes that von, the same R-pronoun pattern as FEE’s wofür / womit / worauf. V2 and the R-pronoun are not a fourth argument. There is no Hungarian preverbal Focus slot, so WH fronting is not a second host competing with a particle. Separable ab goes to the right edge in a main clause and stays on the verb in a subordinate clause. It does not sit in a Focus host. Degree WH below uses ETH so it is not confused with a case ending on a counted QP.
- ✓ Wie viel ETH hat der Rat von jedem Konto abgebucht? whole MeasureP
- ✓ Wie viel hat der Rat von jedem Konto abgebucht? degree WH · U bound
- ✓ Von welchem Konto hat der Rat 0,3 ETH abgebucht? von+Domain WH · whole PP
- ✓ Wovon hat der Rat 0,3 ETH abgebucht? R-pronoun · resumes von
- ✓ Wer hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht? Initiator WH
- ✓ Was hat der Rat von jedem Konto abgebucht? whole MeasureP as was
- ✓ Weswegen hat der Rat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht? Reason · wegen · not FEE für / wofür
- ✓ Wer hat wie viel ETH wovon abgebucht? cluster hypothesis · not a ranked elicitation · not Hungarian Focus uniqueness
- * Wie viel hat der Rat ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht? LBC · U stranded
- * Was hat der Rat 0,3 von jedem Konto abgebucht? what hijacks the object · stranded n
- * Von welchem hat der Rat Konto 0,3 ETH abgebucht? von does not strand
- ✓ FEE pointer, on the FEE page: Was berechnen Sie? WH = fee MeasureP · not this Domain · charge-fee-de.html
- ✓ FEE pointer, on the FEE page: Wofür hat die Werkstatt Pat nicht zwanzig Euro berechnet? wofür = Consideration · not deduct Reason
- ✓ blame pointer, printed: wofür on blame resumes Charge · blame-de.html · not this Domain
von-Domain ≠ dative Account ≠ auf-Account · accusative MeasureP ≠ Charge · accusative MeasureP ≠ FEE’s Payer
von + DAT Domain = the set the measure comes FROM under Appl_FROM. Dative Account, and auf + ACC Account, on gutschreiben are the book the measure goes TO. The accusative here is the quantized decrement. On zuschreiben the accusative is Charge and the Target is dative, for both ATT and MERIT. On beschuldigen the accusative is the Target. FEE’s berechnen accusative is also a MeasureP, and its Payer is dative; belasten makes the Payer accusative and the Amount a mit-PP. Same object letter on the fee is not a reason to merge abbuchen with berechnen or belasten. e2 stays the decrement. Polish genitive of negation rewrites the Polish measuring QP. German nicht does not. Sharing a negative particle is not sharing that case rule, and it is not sharing the root.
Superiority ranks Initiator > MeasureP > von-Domain > outer Reason. Amount and Denomination never compete as two verbal WH-items. Cheap NegQ association tracks the MeasureP, and under nicht that associate stays accusative when the ending is visible. Challenging the Domain wants that book already in the associate, under von or resumed by wovon. Multiple WH fronting stays an open cluster flag. It is not an elicited superiority paradigm, and it is not Hungarian Focus uniqueness. German has no ли. The polar question is verb-first.
Geometry · deduct ≠ creditFIN ≠ chargeFEE ≠ chargeACCUSE ≠ ATT / MERIT / blame ≠ pay
In the constructed cloth Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht, the board takes 0,3 ETH off the account’s book. That is FROM_SET decrement. The account is Domain. 0,3 ETH is MeasureP. e2 is decrement-true of that measure from the Domain. The companion participle abgezogen is the same geometry.
- ≠ creditFIN / gutschreiben. Shared MeasureP. Opposite polarity: deduct = FROM_SET decrement; FIN = TO_SET increment. FIN’s cloth is dative Account + accusative MeasureP, already printed as Der Rat hat jedem Konto 0,3 ETH gutgeschrieben, with directional auf jedes Konto as the same Account. von+DAT on the account is this root (*hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto gutgeschrieben, already starred there). FIN’s e2 is HAS_ON_BOOKS. Payout is not entailed there, and it is not e2 here. Separable gut and separable ab are the same kind of lemma prefix. They do not make the roots one verb. Live twin: credit-fin-de.html.
- ≠ chargeFEE / berechnen / belasten. Shared FROM family and a verbal measure. FEE’s e2 is debit / OWE. FEE’s Consideration is für (für das Essen, für ein Bitcoin, on the FEE page). berechnen is dative Payer + accusative MeasureP. belasten is accusative Payer or card + mit-Amount. Deduct ranks the Domain as von+DAT and files Reason as wegen. The FEE notes already use abgezogen for that von cloth. That note is a pointer to this root. It is not evidence that belasten’s accusative Payer was a PP, and it is not a second deduct frame. Live twin: charge-fee-de.html.
- ≠ chargeACCUSE / anklagen / beschuldigen. Ascription: Judge > Target > Accusation. Different root. No selected MeasureP. No Appl_FROM of a measure. wegen on anklagen / beschuldigen is Charge content, not this Reason. See charge-accuse.html and the live blame page.
- ≠ blame / beschuldigen / verantwortlich machen. Fault ascription. The accusative is the Target. Charge wears the genitive, wegen, or dass. That wegen is Charge content. It is not deduct’s Reason and not FEE’s Consideration. Printed: Der Ausschuss beschuldigt den Auftragnehmer der Verspätung; Sie beschuldigen ihn wegen der Verspätung. wofür there resumes Charge. Weather is a fine Target and a failed Initiator.
- ≠ attributeATT / zuschreiben. Content-ascribe. Accusative Charge + dative Target. No MeasureP and no Domain. Printed: Der Rat hat dem Auftragnehmer die vorzeitige Fertigstellung zugeschrieben. Live twin: attribute-att-de.html.
- ≠ creditMERIT / zuschreiben + Verdienst. Merit ascribe on the same letters as ATT. Dative Target + accusative Charge. No MeasureP. Live at credit-merit-de.html. Do not invent
credit-merit-bg.html. Do not invent credit-merit-pl.html.
- ≠ bezahlen / überweisen / payGIVE. Index 2 Payment. Pay writes a MeasureP with Recipient HAVE. Deduct writes a MeasureP FROM a Domain. A later transfer can move funds. That later event is not e2 of abbuchen.
- ≠ earmark. Earmark’s Purpose is RESTRICTED_FOR. Deduct’s wegen is JUSTIFIED_BY. No FROM-loss on earmark. No German earmark page is opened here.
- ≠ sell / SWAP. Sell: Recipient HAS goods; Price stays inside a price phrase. Deduct’s object is the decrement. sell·Navajo stays deferred.
- ≠ Hungarian Focus, ≠ Bulgarian object-stays, ≠ Polish GEN-neg. Live Hungarian levon separates le- under Focus or nem and keeps the measure accusative. Live Bulgarian отчислявам has no nominal genitive, so the direct object keeps its form under не. Live Polish odjąć rewrites the measuring QP under nie and leaves z rachunku in place. German nicht leaves den Betrag accusative and leaves von jedem Konto in place. Separable ab is V2 morphology, not a Focus host. Polish tej kwoty is not a reason to write German des Betrages. Hungarian prefix separation under Focus is not a German particle split.
- Missing defaults. Destruction, house-credit, guilt, and payout are not entailed. A follow-up that denies those sequels does not deny the decrement. HAS_ON_BOOKS ≠ decrement ≠ debit/OWE ≠ HAVE. Absence of GEN-neg ≠ the definition of deduct.
Shells, ApplP, and Case
Merge Merge
Initiator, MeasureP, and Domain are selected. The accusative MeasureP and von+Domain merge under √DEDUCT. Amount and Denomination are inside one MeasureP, not two sisters of V. Separable ab is not an argument. No DOC and no ApplHAVE of goods.
Agree Agree
T agrees with the Initiator (subject, φ). v licenses the MeasureP as accusative, including under sentential nicht. von takes the Domain in the dative in both polarities. There is no second Agree for a second Theme. There is no genitive of negation to license.
Move Move
WH fronts. von pied-pipes with the Domain. wovon resumes it. Amount does not move out of the MeasureP (LBC). V2 puts finite T in C and leaves ab at the right edge. A subordinate clause does not strand the prefix. There is no unique preverbal Focus slot.
Filter Filter
Voice: weather is not an Initiator. The filter survives Neg and an outer permissive wrap. Gold e2 = decrement. No DOC of two bare accusative Themes. ACC under nicht is Case, not a new theta role. FIN gutschreiben and FEE berechnen / belasten are different roots.
- M1√DEDUCT merges with MeasureP ⟨Amount, Denom⟩
- M2von+Domain merges with the set
- M3Voice merges Initiator
- A4T ↔ Initiator · subject φ · V2 is the T-copy, not a fourth argument
- A5v ↔ MeasureP · ACC, including under nicht (den Betrag, drei Beträge)
- V6WH fronts; von pied-pipes; wovon resumes; Amount stays inside MeasureP
- V7Separable ab at the right edge in V2; inside abgebucht / abgezogen / abzubuchen
- F8Voice filter · weather ≠ Initiator
- G9Gold · e2 = decrement · LBC holds · no GEN-neg ≠ a new theta and ≠ the definition
Base tree (von Domain)
VoiceP [ Initiator = der Rat
(ReasonP) [ wegen der Schwelle ] // optional, outer
ApplP_FROM [ von jedem Konto ]
VP [ √DEDUCT [ MeasureP [ Amount 0,3 ] [ N ETH ] ] ]
]
— the MeasureP is accusative (den Betrag / drei Beträge / 0,3 ETH)
— von spells DAT on jedem Konto in the affirmative
— that prepositional dative is not GEN-neg
— ab is the lemma prefix (bucht … ab / abgebucht / abzubuchen)
Negative field (one MeasureP · ACC stays · Domain stays)
Neg [ nicht ]
VP [ abgebucht ]
— MeasureP: ACC under nicht (den Betrag / drei Beträge)
— decimal 0,3 ETH does not spell ACC vs GEN
— Domain: von jedem Konto unchanged
— no second structural object
— ab stays inside the participle; it is not a Focus host
— no GEN-neg to write (Polish tej kwoty is deduct-pl.html)
— object-stays under не is Bulgarian (deduct-bg.html), a different reason
— Focus separation of le- is Hungarian (deduct-hu.html), not this field
abbuchen licenses one structural object: the MeasureP. Under nicht that object stays accusative. The Domain wears von. There is no frame in which MeasureP and Domain are both bare accusative Themes. No low ApplHAVE of goods. No √ASCRIBE. No √CHARGE_FEE. High Reason is extra when present. Separable ab (bucht … ab, abgebucht, abzuziehen) is lemma morphology, the same type as FIN’s gut. It is not a Hungarian particle, and it is not a Norwegian stranded-particle diagnostic.
Neo-Davidsonian sketch (entry decrement dual)
∃e [ DECREMENT(e)
∧ INIT(e, rat)
∧ DEGREE(e, 0.3) ∧ UNIT(e, ETH)
∧ FROM_SET(e, K) ∧ Hom(e, ⟨0.3, ETH⟩)
∧ JUSTIFIED_BY(e, Q3) ] // Reason optional
e2: ⟨0.3, ETH⟩ is off the books of K after e
Replace FROM_SET with TO_SET and DECREMENT with INCREMENT and the FIN entry drops out, with HAS_ON_BOOKS as that other e2. The von wrapper does not change the decrement. Keeping accusative under nicht does not change the semantics and does not define the root. jedem is the quantifier on K, not a second event. Debit/OWE is not a conjunct. Payout is not a conjunct.
Initiator filter
✓ Wer hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht?
✓ Der Smart Contract hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. institutional Initiator
✓ Das Clearinghouse hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. institutional Initiator
✓ Die Bank hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. institutional Initiator
* Das schlechte Wetter hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. not a ledger authority
✓ Was der Smart Contract getan hat, ist, 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abzubuchen. constructed · parallel to the FIN do-test · zu-infinitive keeps ab inside
* Was das schlechte Wetter getan hat, ist, 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abzubuchen. Culicover & Jackendoff
Inanimate Targets are welcome on ATT and blame. Inanimate Initiators fail on deduct unless construed as books or code. An inanimate Domain is fine when it is a book (von jedem Konto).
Type A · outer lassen wrap
✓ Hat man die Bank nicht 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abbuchen lassen? outer Neg denies causing · infinitive keeps ab attached · parallel to FIN gutschreiben lassen
* Hat man das schlechte Wetter 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abbuchen lassen? weather still not inner Initiator
Promotion · werden · no raising of von · no bekommen of the Domain
✓ 0,3 ETH wurde von jedem Konto abgebucht. werden promotes the MeasureP · agentless · von is the Domain
✓ Der Betrag wurde von jedem Konto abgebucht. noun MeasureP promoted
✓ 0,3 ETH wurde durch den Rat von jedem Konto abgebucht. agent durch · Domain still von
✓ Man hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. man · object stays · not a promotion of the Domain
* Jedes Konto wurde 0,3 ETH abgebucht. Domain does not raise on this root
* Jedes Konto bekam 0,3 ETH abgebucht. bekommen promotes FIN’s dative Account, not a von-PP
* 0,3 wurde ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. Amount ≠ separate promote
Underivables (German deduct)
- * Das schlechte Wetter hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. weather / inanimate as Initiator
- * Was das schlechte Wetter getan hat, ist, 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abzubuchen. do-test · Initiator filter
- * Wie viel hat der Rat ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht? LBC · U stranded
- * Was hat der Rat 0,3 von jedem Konto abgebucht? LBC · stranded n
- * Der Rat hat jedem Konto 0,3 ETH abgebucht. DAT ≠ FROM · use gutschreiben for TO
- * Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto gutgeschrieben. FIN verb + FROM Domain · already starred on credit-fin-de
- * Der Rat hat jedes Konto 0,3 ETH abgebucht. no DOC of MeasureP + Domain as two bare ACC Themes
- * Der Rat hat des Betrages von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht. genitive MeasureP under nicht · no GEN-neg
- * Der Rat hat dreier Beträge von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht. genitive counted QP · ACC stays
- * Der Rat hat nicht ab 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto gebucht. ab does not split out of the participle
- * Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto für ein Bitcoin abgebucht. für ≠ Reason · FEE Consideration
- * Jedes Konto wurde 0,3 ETH abgebucht. von+DAT Domain does not promote
- * Jedes Konto bekam 0,3 ETH abgebucht. no bekommen-passive of this Domain
- * Von welchem hat der Rat Konto 0,3 ETH abgebucht? von does not strand
- * Der Rat hat dem Auftragnehmer 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto zugeschrieben. ATT/MERIT verb + decrement MeasureP hybrid
- ✓ institution / contract as Initiator: Der Smart Contract hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto abgebucht. book-keeper fine
N/A · not German deduct diagnostics
Sibling deduct pages omit diagnostics the language does not have. German deduct matches the FIN page’s local cuts: von+DAT Domain, accusative MeasureP, no genitive of negation, separable ab as lemma morphology, and werden promotion of the MeasureP. Hungarian Focus and prefix separation stay on deduct-hu.html. Bulgarian’s lack of nominal case stays on deduct-bg.html. Polish genitive of negation stays on deduct-pl.html.
- Genitive of negation as a German fact, or as the definition of deduct. N/A. German does not rewrite den Betrag to des Betrages under nicht. The Polish rewrite hits the measuring QP of zapisać and of obciążyć as well as odjąć. √DEDUCT is the decrement. Do not read the missing genitive as the sense, and do not star a German genitive the language does not write. Feminine dieser Summe is not the diagnostic: dative and genitive share the ending.
- von+DAT as genitive of negation. N/A. jedem Konto is dative because von governs the dative, in the affirmative and under nicht. There is no second genitive to write on the Domain.
- Hungarian Focus + nem as a unique preverbal host. N/A. German negation is not a slot that strands a prefix out of the participle. Two or three WH phrases are an open cluster flag, not a Focus-uniqueness reject. Do not mark Wer hat wie viel ETH wovon abgebucht? ungrammatical on Hungarian grounds. The starred nicht ab … gebucht string is a fake Focus split, not a German V2 fact.
- Separable ab as a Norwegian stranded-particle test, or as Hungarian le-. N/A. ab is lemma morphology, like FIN gut: right edge in V2 (bucht … ab), inside the participle (abgebucht), inside the zu-infinitive (abzubuchen). A subordinate clause keeps it attached (dass … abbucht). That is not the Norwegian bound-prefix diagnostic, and it is not Focus separation.
- Hungarian definite versus indefinite conjugation. N/A. hat abgebucht does not conjugate for definiteness of the measure.
- Norwegian få / Dutch krijgen promotion of a dative Domain. N/A. There is no dative Domain on this cloth. werden promotes the MeasureP. bekommen promotes FIN’s dative Account (Jedes Konto bekam 0,3 ETH gutgeschrieben). It does not promote von jedem Konto.
- Romance en / ne. N/A. Quantity is the accusative MeasureP, or a degree WH with the unit bound. wovon resumes the Domain, not a partitive of the measure.
- Bulgarian absence of GEN-neg as this page’s reason for keeping accusative. N/A. Bulgarian has no nominal case for не to write. German has case, and still does not write a genitive under nicht. The two “object stays” facts have different reasons. The Bulgarian fact is filed on deduct-bg.html.
- Polish z+GEN, or Polish tej kwoty, as this Domain or this MeasureP. N/A. German von spells dative on the Domain. The MeasureP stays accusative. The Polish preposition and the Polish genitive of negation are a different cloth of the same Appl_FROM, filed on deduct-pl.html.
- FEE Payer promotion as a deduct cloth. N/A. belasten can take an accusative Payer. Deduct keeps Domain oblique (von+DAT) and does not file a second object. mit-Amount is FEE’s other cloth, not this MeasureP.
- Dative Account and auf+ACC as this root’s Domain. N/A. That pair is the TO dual on gutschreiben. This root’s ranked Domain is von+DAT.
NegQ pointer · association sites
Negative questions on deduct keep the decrement map from Negative_Questions_Deduct. They do not invent a fifth theta name, a Charge, or a fee Consideration. nicht associates with the MeasureP. When the ending is visible, that associate stays accusative. The von+DAT Domain stays the book the measure comes from. Reason stays outer wegen. Payout, guilt, and HAS_ON_BOOKS are systematically missing as default Neg targets. The FIN polar string below is the pattern already printed. The deduct strings are constructed parallels of that negative. German has no ли. The polar question is verb-first. The site treats that finite fronting as the V2 T-copy, not as a fourth argument.
German NegQ / WH–Neg core (constructed · decrement map)
✓ Hat der Rat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht? decimal does not spell the ending · still the MeasureP host
✓ Hat der Rat den Betrag von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht? ACC visible · Domain stays von+DAT
✓ Wurde 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht? werden · MeasureP promoted · von is the Domain
✓ Wovon hat der Rat 0,3 ETH nicht abgebucht? R-pronoun · Domain
✓ Von welchem Konto hat der Rat 0,3 ETH nicht abgebucht? von pied-pipes
✓ Wie viel ETH hat der Rat von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht?
✓ Wie viel hat der Rat von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht? U bound
* Wie viel hat der Rat ETH von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht? LBC under Neg
* Hat der Rat des Betrages von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht? genitive under nicht · no GEN-neg
✓ Weswegen hat der Rat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht? Reason · wegen
✓ FIN contrast, printed: Hat der Rat jedem Konto 0,3 ETH nicht gutgeschrieben? credit-fin-de.html
* Hat das schlechte Wetter 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto nicht abgebucht?
Missing defaults: no payout-true; no HAS_ON_BOOKS as e2; no debit/OWE as e2. A bare nicht most readily challenges the decrement event or the MeasureP. Challenging the Domain wants that book already under von. This page does not file a genitive versus accusative WH contrast under negation. The visible accusative is the noun and the counted QP in the declarative and in NegQ.
Open items
- abziehen productivity. Companion lemma (arithmetic / payroll name). Relative productivity against abbuchen is scout. The same von+DAT cloth is filed because the FEE notes already use abgezogen. Do not invent a second geometry, a payroll-only frame, or a Duden quotation. The separable ab is not a second sense. spec
- A second source preposition. aus+DAT is not ranked beside von+DAT. The ranked Domain is the preposition credit-fin-de.html already rejects for gutschreiben. Do not file aus as elicited, and do not star it ungrammatical. spec
- Dutch deduct. Live at deduct-nl.html. afschrijven / aftrekken, the FROM dual of live creditFIN · bijschrijven / crediteren. Not this page.
- Norwegian deduct. Live at deduct-no.html (Done=98). trekke fra / fradrag, the FROM dual of live creditFIN · godskrive. Closes Group D deduct. Not this page.
- Group D FEE. Stays closed (German, Dutch, Norwegian). This page does not reopen it.
- Group C deduct, FIN, and FEE. Stay closed. Deduct: levon / terhel (Done=93), отчислявам / удържам (Done=94), odjąć / potrącić (Done=95). FIN: jóváír, zapisać, записа. FEE: felszámol, таксувам, obciążyć / naliczyć. This page opens Group D deduct beside closed Group D FIN and FEE.
- Multiple WH. Wer hat wie viel ETH wovon abgebucht? stays an open cluster flag. Not an elicited ranking, and not Hungarian Focus uniqueness.
- Navajo sell. Still deferred. No
credit-merit-bg.html. No credit-merit-pl.html.
Corpus filenames
Primary extract is Lexical_Entry_Deduct_Argument_Structure (Parse B, MeasureP, Appl_FROM, Voice filter, decrement e2) plus WH_Movement_Denominations_Deduct and Negative_Questions_Deduct. The German clothes are the affirmative of the von+DAT reject already printed on credit-fin-de.html (*Der Rat hat 0,3 ETH von jedem Konto gutgeschrieben), beside the printed FIN affirmative Der Rat hat jedem Konto 0,3 ETH gutgeschrieben. The companion participle abgezogen is the form charge-fee-de.html already uses when it names that Domain cloth. Case under nicht is shown on den Betrag and drei Beträge, not on the decimal and not on a syncretic feminine. FEE, ATT, MERIT, and blame contrasts are the strings already on those pages. Group D plate: separable prefix as lemma morphology (the FIN page’s treatment of gut), V2 as a T-copy, R-pronoun wovon. Constructed DE frames diagnose packaging. They are not new elicitation, and they are not a Duden quotation. Index 2 Payment remains bezahlen, überweisen.
- Lexical_Entry_Deduct_Argument_Structure.docx primary · √DEDUCT · Parse B · FROM_SET decrement
- WH_Movement_Denominations_Deduct.docx MeasureP LBC · Amount vs unit
- Negative_Questions_Deduct.docx Neg association · missing payout · Domain ≠ Loc
- Lexical_Entry_Credit_Argument_Structure.docx TO dual · gutschreiben · DAT / auf+ACC Account · HAS_ON_BOOKS
- Lexical_Entry_Charge_Argument_Structure.docx FEE contrast · berechnen / belasten · ACCUSE anklagen
- INDEX2_Verbs.txt DE Payment = bezahlen, überweisen — deduct not Index 2
Series placement: German sense×language twin of English deduct, Japanese deduct, Spanish deduct, French deduct, Italian deduct, Mandarin deduct, Hungarian deduct, Bulgarian deduct, and Polish deduct. Opens Group D deduct beside live creditFIN · gutschreiben and live chargeFEE · berechnen / belasten. VERB_COUNT stays 10. Done=96. Dutch afschrijven / aftrekken are live at deduct-nl.html (Done=97). Norwegian trekke fra / fradrag are live at deduct-no.html (Done=98) and close Group D deduct. Does not invent a Polish or Bulgarian MERIT page or Navajo. Speculation flagged.
Index 2 citations for neighbouring Payment class
deduct is Beyond Index 2. The Payment cell stays bezahlen, überweisen. Attitude on the same language line is beschuldigen, verantwortlich machen, zuschreiben.