steal · 盗む

Thief, Victim, Theme · marking by lemma · Japanese cloth · working claim, revisable

Voice[Thief] + low Appl(Victim) + complement of the root (Theme)

盗む · Theme を · デジタル大辞泉 「金品を―・む」 · read as 金品を盗む

盗む · person の on the Theme · プログレッシブ和英中辞典 彼はメアリーの財布を盗んだ · 彼は同僚の金を盗んだ

盗む · place or container から · 研究社 新和英中辞典 果樹園からりんごを · 斎藤和英大辞典 主人の財布から金を

奪う · Theme を · デジタル大辞泉 「金品を―・う」 · 斎藤和英大辞典 人の財産を奪う

A theft, on this reading, has a Thief, a Victim, and a Theme. They are not three equal sisters of one Japanese verb. Voice adds the Thief. Low Appl introduces the Victim, as a possessor-source inside the verb’s domain: the person who had the thing and no longer has it. That is the same kind of added argument as the dative Victim on stehlen, the indirect Victim on robar, the dative Victim on voler, the у-phrase of украсть, and the a-phrase of rubare. It is a working drawing. It is not a settled analysis. The root’s complement is the Theme, the thing taken. On 盗む that Theme is を.

What is different from the English gloss. English Wiktionary prints the source of steal in from (stolen from the gallery, stolen from us, They stole all my money (from me)). One English preposition covers the person and the place. Japanese does not print that one marker. デジタル大辞泉 sense 1 is ひそかに他人のものを取って自分のものにする, and the filled line is 「金品を―・む」. The verb is written with the dictionary’s dash. Read as a full word, the line is 金品を盗む. The headword is ［動マ五（四）］. The Theme is を. No から and no に are in that line. When a bilingual entry prints a person beside the thing, the person is の on the Theme noun. プログレッシブ和英中辞典 prints 彼はメアリーの財布を盗んだ and glosses it “He stole Mary's billfold” and, in the same note, “He robbed Mary of her billfold.” The next line is 彼は同僚の金を盗んだ, glossed “He stole some money from a fellow worker.” The Japanese person is 同僚の. The English gloss supplies from. 研究社 新和英中辞典 heads the sense 〈他人の物を取る〉 steal 《something from somebody》. That 《from》 is the English gloss frame. The Japanese place line in that block is その男の子がうちの果樹園からりんごを盗もうとしているところを見つけた, glossed as pinching apples from the orchard. から there is the orchard. 斎藤和英大辞典 states the English government “To steal (anything from a person or a place)” and prints the Japanese container line 女中が主人の財布から金を盗んだ. から is 財布. The possessor of the purse is 主人の. A bare person in から is unprinted. A Victim in に is unprinted.

What is different from Italian. rubare puts the Theme in the direct object and the person in a or a dative clitic: Treccani gli rubarono il portafoglio, a quel pastore rubano le pecore. A container beside that Theme is da: dal tegame. derubare puts the Victim in the direct object and the Theme in di: lo derubarono del portafogli. Japanese 盗む keeps the Theme in を. The person, when the line prints one beside the thing, is の on that noun, not a dative clitic and not a. The place or the container, when the line prints one, is から. No second lemma on the articles read here flips the Victim to を and the Theme to another particle the way derubare flips the person to the direct object and the thing to di. The English rob … of reading is a gloss of the same の + を line, and of the passive 金を盗まれた, which Saito glosses “I had my money stolen” and “I was robbed of my money.”

What is different from German, French, Spanish, and Russian. stehlen puts the Theme in the accusative and the Victim in the dative. berauben puts the Victim in the accusative and the Theme in the genitive. voler puts the Victim in the dative beside a direct Theme, and TLFi prints Voler qqn de qqc. robar puts the Victim in the indirect object. украсть puts the person in у plus genitive and a place in из plus genitive. Japanese prints neither a dative Victim nor у against из. The split the articles do print is の on the Theme noun for the person, and から for a place or a container. プログレッシブ和英中辞典 also prints スーパーで消しゴムを盗む, glossed “filch an eraser from a supermarket.” で is the place of the act. The English gloss of that line is from.

奪う. デジタル大辞泉 sense 1 is 他人の所有するものを無理に取り上げる, lines 「金品を―・う」「自由を―・う」「地位を―・う」. The theft line is Theme を. 斎藤和英大辞典 prints 人の財産を奪う, glossed “to rob a man of his property.” The person is 人の on the Theme. The English gloss is the rob frame. プログレッシブ和英中辞典 heads the verb rob [deprive] ((a person)) of ((a thing)) and prints 財産を奪われた, “He was robbed of his property.” The Japanese Theme stays を. 王位はおじに奪われた puts に on the taker, the uncle, and the English is “usurped.” That に is not the Victim. 相手チームのピッチャーからヒット15本を奪う is the sports line. から there is the pitcher of the hits, not a theft source. 日本国語大辞典 prints a person in を when the person is what is taken: the consort line 御けさう人をうばはむ, and the line 自分を奪った. Those persons are the Theme of the taking. They are not a Victim beside a separate Theme. A modern wallet frame with the person in を and a separate Theme is unprinted on the articles read here.

万引きする, 掏る, かすめる, and 窃盗. デジタル大辞泉 万引き is ［名］(スル): 買い物客を装い、商品をさがすふりをして盗むこと。また、その者。 No Theme particle and no place particle are in that definition. プログレッシブ和英中辞典 prints 本を万引きしているところを見つかった, “He was caught lifting a book from the store.” The Theme is 本を. The place is in the English gloss. 研究社 新和英中辞典 glosses 万引きする “lift [steal] goods in a store” and “shoplift.” “In a store” is English. A Japanese で or から of the shop is unprinted on those lines. 掏る is the pickpocket verb the articles print. デジタル大辞泉 defines it 人が身につけている金品を気づかれないように盗み取る and the line is 「財布を―・られる」, read 財布をすられる. The Theme is を. The person who is wearing the goods is in the definition and is not case-marked in the example. かすめる sense 1 in デジタル大辞泉, as Weblio prints that block, is すきをうかがって、すばやく盗む, line 「財布を―・める」. Theme を. No から. 窃盗 is ［名］(スル): 他人の財物をひそかに盗み取ること。また、盗みをする人。 The printed example is 窃盗犯. No clause frame is printed. No を and no から are filled on that article.