Headword
Language Norwegian · Bokmål · temporary transfer of a returnable theme · one lemma låne · Recipient a bare object pronoun or til · person-source av · particles ut and bort on the lend examples
One lemma låne · the other party’s marker selects the direction · Bokmål cloth · working claim, revisable
Lend · Voice[Lender] + ApplHAVE(Recipientbare pronoun / til, ThemeOBJ) · låne · Bokmålsordboka 4 kan du låne meg en tier? · NAOB låner pengene til tyrken · lånte henne en million kroner
Borrow · the same låne · Voice[Borrower] + Theme + Sourceav · Bokmålsordboka 1 hun lånte bilen av moren sin · NAOB av Bernhard · Språkrådet av/ hos broren min · hos is the entry’s muntlig stil
Lend particles on the same lemma · ut · bort · Bokmålsordboka bankene låner ut penger · hun lånte bort sykkelen sin · NAOB sense 2 også med partikkelen ut · låner ikke ut båtene sine … til folk · adverb bort sense 4 lists låne bort noe
A lending, on this reading, has a Lender, a Recipient, and a Theme. Bokmålsordboka’s sense 4 is la noen få bruke noe en viss tid. NAOB’s sense 2 is overlate til midlertidig bruk, and the entry adds også med partikkelen ut. The time wording is the definition’s. This page quotes it and does not turn it into an aspect claim. The thing is the object: en tier, sykkelen sin, penger, båtene sine, et sådant værk, en million kroner. Full noun phrases show no case ending. The other person, on the give reading, is a bare object pronoun or til plus a noun phrase: meg, henne, dem, mig, deg, til tyrken, til folk. Voice adds the lender as the subject. Low ApplHAVE introduces the Recipient inside that one verb domain and relates the Recipient to the Theme. The drawing is the same working claim as the Recipient of English give-geometry pay, and it is revisable. On betale a Recipient is unprinted. Which theta role is the object in this low ApplHAVE domain is the note Causative templates and argument selection. This page does not edit that note.
Where the frame sits against the English gloss. English lend does not mean borrow. The lender is the subject. The recipient is a bare object (lend Chris the car) or a to-phrase (lend the car to Chris). The borrower is the subject of another verb, and the source is from. låne keeps both directions on one lemma. Bokmålsordboka numbers the get reading as sense 1, få noe til bruk en viss tid, and the give reading as sense 4. NAOB numbers the get reading as sense 1, få seg overlatt til midlertidig bruk, and the give reading as sense 2. A bare object pronoun, or til, is the give frame. av is the person on the get frame. The lemma stays låne. Dutch lenen makes the same kind of cut, with aan or a bare indirect object against van. German leihen keeps both directions and adds a reflexive dative on the borrow frame. No borrow citation of the returnable thing read here is reflexive. fra is printed, and the complements in those lines are a word, a domain, a digit, or an institution. A person in fra is unprinted in Bokmålsordboka, in NAOB’s returnable-thing lines, and in Språkrådet’s pair.
The bare object pronoun is printed, and the dictionaries give it no colloquial label and no regional label. Bokmålsordboka’s sense 4 example is kan du låne meg en tier? NAOB’s editorial example under sense 2.3 is banken lånte henne en million kroner til boligkjøpet. The citations are Ibsen frøken West lånte mig et sådant værk, Michelet Hermann lånte dem en hel haug pesetas, Lunde la meg få låne deg morgenkåpen min, and Aubert kan du låne meg noen penger. The printed bare forms are pronouns. A bare full noun phrase in the meg slot is unprinted. The full noun phrase that is printed sits in til: til tyrken, til folk, and, for a name lent to an appeal, til et opprop.
ut and bort sit on låne, and the examples are give. They are particles of this lemma. Bokmålsordboka prints bankene låner ut penger and hun lånte bort sykkelen sin under sense 4. The adverb bort, sense 4, is fra én persons eie til en annen person, and låne bort noe is one example, beside leie bort. NAOB’s låne article, as read, prints ut and does not print bort. The finite order in the lines is verb, then the particle, then the object: låner ut penger, lånte bort sykkelen sin. Jacobsen has the negation between the verb and the particle: låner ikke ut båtene sine, and til folk names the person. Dutch uitlenen is a separate lemma and is lend-only. Norwegian ut does not open a second lemma. The get-side particle NAOB prints is inn, on låne inn.
Bokmålsordboka, NAOB, and Språkrådet do not put a lender, a recipient, a thing, and a source in one clause. Sense 4 and NAOB sense 2 are the lend frame. Sense 1 is the borrow frame of that lemma. ut and bort are the lend particles. Pat and Chris continue the named-participant series on selge. A name does not spell case. til Chris and av Chris are the prepositions. The time wording in the definitions is quoted and is not given an aspect label.
låne · give · a bare object pronoun or til · the thing is the object
✓ la noen få bruke noe en viss tid Bokmålsordboka · låne 4 · the time wording is the definition’s
✓ kan du låne meg en tier? · låne navnet sitt til et opprop Bokmålsordboka · sense 4 · bare meg · til of the appeal
✓ overlate til midlertidig bruk · også med partikkelen ut NAOB · låne 2 · the particle is in the sense heading
✓ [jeg] låner pengene til tyrken · frøken West lånte mig et sådant værk · la meg få låne deg morgenkåpen min NAOB · Ibsen, Peer Gynt · Ibsen, Rosmersholm · Lunde 2017 · til of the person · bare mig and deg
✓ banken lånte henne en million kroner til boligkjøpet · kan du låne meg noen penger NAOB · sense 2.3 · editorial example · Aubert 2016 · the sum is one object · til boligkjøpet is the purpose in that line
to let someone use something for a time. Can you lend me a ten-kroner note? I lend the money to the Turk. The bank lent her a million kroner.
The same låne · get · av of the person · på and i of a place are also printed
✓ få noe til bruk en viss tid · hun lånte bilen av moren sin · låne bøker på biblioteket Bokmålsordboka · sense 1 · av moren sin · på biblioteket
✓ få seg overlatt til midlertidig bruk · låne en bok på biblioteket · han får lånt noen kroner av Bernhard NAOB · sense 1 and 1.1 · Michelet · av Bernhard
✓ låne penger i banken, i obligasjonsmarkedet · låne penger til høy rente NAOB · sense 1.1 · i of the bank · til høy rente is the rate phrase on the get sense
✓ jeg fikk låne boka av/ hos broren min (hos er muntlig stil) Språkrådet · preposisjonsbruk · the parentheses and the label muntlig stil are the entry’s · av and hos are the pair
to get something for a time. She borrowed the car from her mother. He gets a few kroner from Bernhard. I was allowed to borrow the book from my brother. hos is Språkrådet’s spoken cloth.
ut and bort · give · the particle between the verb and the object · inn is the get-side particle NAOB prints
✓ bankene låner ut penger · hun lånte bort sykkelen sin Bokmålsordboka · sense 4 · ut · bort · no person in these two lines
✓ låne bort noe Bokmålsordboka · adverb bort 4 · fra én persons eie til en annen person · beside leie bort
✓ Adolf låner ikke ut båtene sine, fremfor alt ikke til folk som ikke kan ro · De låner altså Deres hus ud til folkefiender · låne ut penger NAOB · Jacobsen 2013 · Ibsen, En folkefiende · sense 2.3 example · til folk when the person is named · Ibsen’s ud is the entry’s spelling
✓ låne (kunstverk e.l.) for en begrenset periode fra annen (kultur)institusjon · låne inn et maleri til en utstilling NAOB · sense 1 expression · inn · fra is in the definition · the example’s til is the exhibition
to give temporary use. The banks lend money out. She lent her bicycle away. He does not lend his boats out, above all not to people who cannot row.
| Place | Introduced by (working) | Norwegian marking | Case status | English and sibling marking |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lender | Spec,Voice of the give frame, and of låne ut / låne bort | subject · no ending on a full noun | låner, lånte, har lånt · a låne line with only a theme does not spell the direction · Bokmålsordboka files låne penger under sense 1 · sense 4’s money line is låner ut penger | subject of lend · subject of lenen when the other human is aan or a bare indirect object · subject of the lend frame of leihen |
| Recipient | low ApplHAVE inside the lend frame | a bare object pronoun · or til + DP | meg, henne, dem, mig, deg · til tyrken, til folk, til et opprop · full DPs show no ending · the two cloths are both printed · this page does not rank them · a bare full DP in the pronoun slot is unprinted · the dictionaries print no colloquial label and no regional label on the pronoun | bare object of lend Chris the car, or to · Dutch aan or a bare indirect object · German dative · an + accusative is unprinted on leihen |
| Theme | complement of låne | the one object · no case ending | en tier, bilen, sykkelen sin, penger, båtene sine, en million kroner, noen penger · a sum in the object slot is one object · it is not a second argument beside the currency name | direct object of lend and of borrow · the one object of lenen · accusative of leihen |
| Borrower | Spec,Voice of the get frame | subject of that frame | the lemma is the lend lemma’s other sense · English puts this subject on borrow · jeg fikk låne boka is Språkrådet’s get example, with av or hos of the brother | subject of borrow · subject of lenen beside van · subject of the borrow frame of leihen |
| Source | av on the get frame of a person · fra on a word, a domain, a digit, or an institution | av + DP · hos of a person, printed by Språkrådet as muntlig stil · på of a library and i of a bank, unranked against av | av moren sin, av Bernhard, av broren min · hos broren min, hos Foksens · på biblioteket, i banken · fra engelsk, fra latin, fra tallet foran, fra annen (kultur)institusjon · a person after fra is unprinted in these lines | from of borrow · Dutch van · German von or bei · English from a person is av in the lines of the returnable thing |
| ut / bort / inn | particles of the same låne | låner ut, lånte bort, låner ikke ut · låne inn | the particle follows the finite verb and precedes the object in the lines read · ikke sits between the verb and ut in Jacobsen · bort is Bokmålsordboka’s · NAOB’s låne article prints ut and inn · ut sesongen in har lånt Odd-spilleren ut sesongen is filed under NAOB sense 1, with the player as the theme | no piece of English lend · Dutch uit is the separate lemma uitlenen · German leihen has no particle · ausleihen is the separable neighbour |
Marking map. One string til is the Recipient when the complement is the person or the appeal, and it is the rate or the purpose in other printed lines. Read the complement, then the preposition. av is the person-source. fra is the other source preposition, and its printed complements are not that person.
Each row lines up one English slot with its Norwegian slot. The alignment type says what happens to the slot: = (same status), shift (a bare English object or to ↔ a bare object pronoun or til; from a person ↔ av), or one lemma where English uses two. Dictionary lines come first. The constructed Norwegian sentences are modelled on a printed line. They show the working alignment, not frequency, and not a bilingual corpus.
| Slot | EN form | NO form | Align | EN example | NO example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lender as subject | SUBJ of lend | subject of the give frame · subject of låne ut and låne bort | = for this direction · the lemma also has the borrower’s subject | Can you lend me a ten-kroner note? constructed gloss | kan du låne meg en tier? Bokmålsordboka |
| Theme | OBJ | the one object · no case ending | = | the car · a million kroner glosses | bilen Bokmålsordboka · en million kroner NAOB |
| Recipient | bare object, or to | a bare object pronoun, or til + DP | shift · two English clothes · two Norwegian clothes · unranked · the bare forms are pronouns · full DPs have no ending and sit in til | lend me the book · lend the money to the Turk the two English clothes | meg en tier Bokmålsordboka · til tyrken NAOB · til Chris constructed |
| Borrower as subject | SUBJ of borrow · a different English lemma | subject of the same låne | one Norwegian lemma for a direction English keeps on borrow | She borrowed the car from her mother. gloss | hun lånte bilen av moren sin Bokmålsordboka |
| Source, person | from | av + DP · hos is Språkrådet’s muntlig stil | shift · the lemma does not change · fra is unprinted for this person · Dutch van is the other one-lemma person-source | borrow the book from my brother gloss | av moren sin Bokmålsordboka · av/ hos broren min Språkrådet |
| Source, place or institution | at / from | på · i · fra of an institution in the låne inn definition | printed · unranked against av · not a second source argument beside av in one clause | borrow books at the library gloss | på biblioteket Bokmålsordboka · i banken NAOB |
| fra of a word or a domain | from of borrow a word | fra + the language or the domain | the linguistic source · the same preposition is unprinted for the person of the returnable thing | the word is borrowed from English gloss | fra engelsk Bokmålsordboka · fra latin NAOB |
| ut / bort | no separate piece of lend | particle, after the finite verb and before the object | the split is printed · the lemma stays låne · Dutch uitlenen is another lemma | The banks lend money out. gloss | bankene låner ut penger Bokmålsordboka · lånte bort sykkelen sin Bokmålsordboka |
| Rent | rent · a different English lemma | leie ut | Norwegian splits the lemmas · Japanese 貸す does not | rent the house not this page | leie ut the rent page · not a sense of låne |
The strip below is a set of small multiples. Each card holds one frame, with English on top and Norwegian under it. The subject chip is the lender when the other human is a bare pronoun or til, and the borrower when the other phrase is av. On the particle card the person may be absent.
EN · NO · Recipient til
I lend the money to the Turk.
[jeg] låner pengene til tyrken
NO · NAOB · Ibsen, Peer Gynt · subject lends · til Recipient · the money is the object · English has a bare object or to
Move til inside ApplHAVE · the lend frame of låne
EN · NO · bare object pronoun
Can you lend me a ten-kroner note?
kan du låne meg en tier?
NO · Bokmålsordboka · sense 4 · no colloquial label · no regional label · NAOB prints henne, meg, mig, dem, deg
Move object pronoun · no dative ending · full DP unprinted in this slot
EN · NO · same låne · Source av
She borrowed the car from her mother.
hun lånte bilen av moren sin
NO · Bokmålsordboka · sense 1 · av is the person-source · the lemma is the one that also takes til · Dutch van is the other one-lemma person-source
Move same lemma · av where English has from a person and a second verb
EN · NO · ut after the verb
The banks lend money out.
bankene låner ut penger
NO · Bokmålsordboka · finite verb, ut, object · no Recipient in this line · NAOB prints låner ikke ut båtene sine and then til folk
Move ut on the same lemma · lend example · Recipient unexpressed here
Argument difference. English lend X to Y does not mean borrow. Pat lent Chris the car and Pat borrowed the car from Chris are two verbs. The recipient of lend is a bare object or to. The source of borrow is from. låne is one lemma. The give frame has the lender as subject, the thing as object, and the other person as a bare object pronoun or as til. The get frame has the borrower as subject and the person as av. Språkrådet also prints hos and labels it muntlig stil. fra is the source of a word, a domain, a digit, or an institution in the lines read, and it is unprinted for that person. ut and bort are lend particles on the same lemma. Dutch lenen uses aan or a bare indirect object against van, and uitlenen is a separate lend-only lemma. German leihen uses a dative Recipient and a reflexive dative plus von or bei on the borrow frame. Norwegian prints no dative ending and no reflexive on the returnable-thing borrow lines. Rent is leie ut, unlike 貸す.
Dictionary lines · quoted as printed
kan du låne meg en tier? · hun lånte bort sykkelen sin · bankene låner ut penger · hun lånte bilen av moren sin · låne bøker på biblioteket · ordet er lånt fra engelsk Bokmålsordboka · låne 4, 1, and 2
låner pengene til tyrken · lånte mig et sådant værk · låner ikke ut båtene sine … til folk · av Bernhard · låne penger i banken · fra latin NAOB
jeg fikk låne boka av/ hos broren min (hos er muntlig stil) Språkrådet
låne bort noe Bokmålsordboka · adverb bort 4
The strings below that are not in the block above are constructed, modelled on til tyrken, låne meg en tier, av moren sin, and låner ut penger. They are not spontaneous-speech citations and not dictionary lines. Pat / Chris continue the named-participant series on selge.
✓ [jeg] låner pengene til tyrken
NAOB · Ibsen · til Recipient · the money is the object · the brackets are the entry’s
✓ Pat låner boken til Chris.
constructed · til of the named series · modelled on til tyrken · not a dictionary line
✓ kan du låne meg en tier?
Bokmålsordboka · bare object pronoun · the note is one object · NAOB prints kan du låne meg noen penger and lånte henne en million kroner · no colloquial label
✓ Kan du låne meg boken?
constructed · bare object pronoun · modelled on låne meg en tier and låne meg noen penger · this string is not a cited line
✓ hun lånte bilen av moren sin
Bokmålsordboka · sense 1 · av person-source · same lemma as the til frame · NAOB prints av Bernhard
✓ Pat låner boken av Chris.
constructed · av of the named series · modelled on av moren sin and av broren min · fra Chris is unprinted and is not this string
✓ bankene låner ut penger
Bokmålsordboka · ut before the object · no Recipient · the clause is still låne
✓ hun lånte bort sykkelen sin
Bokmålsordboka · bort before the object · adverb bort 4 lists låne bort noe · NAOB’s låne article, as read, does not print bort
✓ Pat låner ut boken.
constructed · same order as låner ut penger · this string is not a cited line
The preposition is an operation on a place the clause already has. A particle ut or bort is an operation on the verb. Neither one adds a second English verb by itself. The lemma stays låne.
A bare object pronoun and til. The recipient of the give frame is a bare object pronoun, or til plus a noun phrase. Bokmålsordboka prints meg. NAOB prints henne, meg, mig, dem, deg, and til tyrken. til Chris is the same til, constructed. English spells the same role as a bare object or as to. Full Norwegian noun phrases show no case ending. The pronoun has no dative ending. The two clothes stay unranked, as the two buyer clothes stay unranked on selge. The dictionaries print the pronoun with no colloquial label and no regional label.
av on the same låne. Sense 1 does not change the lemma. av moren sin, av Bernhard, and av broren min are the person. hos is Språkrådet’s spoken alternate and is not ranked against av. på biblioteket and i banken are places. Dutch leaves both directions on lenen and uses van. German adds a reflexive dative and von or bei. No borrow line of the returnable thing read here has seg. låne sig til is the availability reading.
The particles are ut and bort. Bokmålsordboka prints låner ut penger and lånte bort sykkelen sin. NAOB prints låner ikke ut båtene sine and Ibsen’s hus ud, and the sense heading says også med partikkelen ut. The short examples leave the person out. Jacobsen and Ibsen still name til folk. inn is the particle on låne inn. The inflection of the simple verb, in Bokmålsordboka’s table, is å låne, låner, lånte, har lånt, lån! NAOB’s moderat bokmål is preterite lånte, participle lånt. There is no ge-. V2 puts one phrase in front of the finite verb. The particle stays with the verb phrase: ikke separates låner from ut in the Jacobsen line. A perfect har lånt ut is unprinted in the lines read. Ibsen’s attributive udlaant sum is the entry’s older spelling of the participle.
A låne line with only a theme does not grow a direction out of the verb. The dictionaries file such lines under a numbered sense. låne penger is the get sense. låne ut penger is the give sense. fra does not take over the person-source that av has. That preposition split is the cut van makes with one preposition for the person, and it is the cut von or bei makes beside a reflexive.
Each sketch is a working drawing, not a locked analysis. The point of the drawing is one object Theme, a Recipient that is a bare object pronoun or til, a person-source on the same låne that is av, and ut or bort on the lend examples. Open one sketch at a time. The low ApplHAVE claim is the same working claim as on pay, and it stays revisable. On betale a Recipient is unprinted.
låne has both subjects · ut and bort are on the lender-side examples
[VoiceP Pat Voice ← Lender · sense 4 · låne ut / låne bort … til / bare pronoun … ] [VoiceP Pat Voice ← Borrower · sense 1 … av … ]
✓ kan du låne meg en tier? Bokmålsordboka · the addressee is the Lender
✓ av moren sin Bokmålsordboka · the subject of sense 1 is the Borrower · same lemma
English puts the two external arguments of the returnable thing on lend and borrow. låne has both, in two numbered senses. The particles ut and bort are printed on the give examples. They do not open a second lemma.
Lend frame · one Recipient · pronoun or til · inside the single verb domain
[VoiceP 2sg Voice
[ApplP_LOW meg Appl_HAVE ← Recipient · HAVE the theme
[VP √låne-
[Theme en tier ] ] ] ] ← Theme · one object
← or til tyrken · unranked
[VoiceP 3sg Voice ← Borrower · sense 1
[VP √låne-
[Theme bilen ]
[avP av moren sin ] ] ] ← person-source · av
← fra of a person unprinted
The borrow sense is the same verb. The person-source is av. It is not a second numeration, and it is not a reflexive. hos broren min is the spoken phrase Språkrådet prints. It is not drawn as a second source beside av. på biblioteket and i banken are the place phrases the dictionaries print.
✓ meg · til tyrken Bokmålsordboka · NAOB · lend frames
✓ av moren sin · av Bernhard Bokmålsordboka · NAOB · get frame
✓ fra engelsk · fra latin Bokmålsordboka · NAOB · a word · not this av
particles of låne · the lemma does not change
låner ut penger ← Bokmålsordboka · ut before the object lånte bort sykkelen sin ← Bokmålsordboka · bort before the object låner ikke ut båtene sine ← NAOB · ikke between verb and ut hus ud til folkefiender ← NAOB · Ibsen · til after the object låne inn et maleri til en utstilling ← NAOB · inn · til of the exhibition å låne · låner · lånte · har lånt ← Bokmålsordboka · simple verb har lånt ut ← unprinted in the lines read
✓ bankene låner ut penger Bokmålsordboka
✓ Adolf låner ikke ut båtene sine, fremfor alt ikke til folk som ikke kan ro NAOB · Jacobsen · til Recipient
Nothing here is a claim about aspect. The time wording stays in the definitions that print it.
Working · no English lend page is opened · Dutch lenen · German leihen
[VoiceP Pat Voice ← Lender
[ApplP_LOW til Chris Appl_HAVE ← Recipient · til
[VP √LÅNE-
[Theme boken ] ] ] ] ← låne
· English lend Chris the car
· or lend the car to Chris
· or meg · a pronoun
[VoiceP Pat Voice ← Borrower · same låne
[VP √LÅNE-
[Theme boken ]
[avP av Chris ] ] ] ← av
· English borrow … from
· Dutch lenen … van
· fra of this person unprinted
[VoiceP bankene Voice ← låne ut
[VP √LÅNE- ut
[Theme penger ] ] ] ← same lemma
· Dutch uitlenen is another lemma
English keeps the two directions of the returnable thing on two verbs. låne keeps both, and the marker selects. ut and bort keep the lend direction on that lemma. German keeps both directions and adds a reflexive dative. Rent stays on leie ut.
| Layer | lend (EN) · no page | borrow (EN) · no page | låne | lenen · leihen |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spec,Voice | Lender | Borrower | Lender in the give sense · Borrower in the get sense | both languages keep both subjects on one lemma · German adds a reflexive dative on the borrow frame |
| other party | bare object, or to | from | bare object pronoun or til on the lend frame · av on the borrow frame of a person · hos spoken · fra of a word, a domain, a digit, or an institution | Dutch aan or a bare indirect object, and van · German dative, and von or bei · an unprinted on leihen |
| object | the theme | the theme | one object, including a sum | one object on lenen · one accusative on leihen |
| particle | none | none | ut and bort on the lend examples · inn on låne inn · the lemma stays låne | Dutch uitlenen is a separate lend-only lemma · German leihen has no particle |
| rent | rent is another lemma | unasserted here | leie ut is the rent verb | Dutch verhuren · Japanese rent is the same 貸す |
On the lend frame, the recipient comes to HAVE the thing, or the sum, for the stretch the definitions describe and this page does not label. On betale, the object can be the money and for is Consideration. On låne a money object is the Theme. On leie ut the lemma is another verb, and a person in til is unprinted there. On 貸す the paid reading stays on the lend verb.
Working paper · October 2026 · Norwegian micro-entry · Beyond Index 2
Temporary transfer in Bokmål. One lemma låne. Lender or borrower as subject. Theme the one object. Recipient a bare object pronoun or til. Person-source av. fra is a word, a domain, a digit, or an institution in the lines read. ut and bort are lend particles on the same lemma. Rent is leie ut.
Not a flat grid of four sisters. A flat grid would give låne a Recipient, a Source, a Theme, and a rate in one clause. The entries read here do not print that clause. låne shows one object, the Theme, and one other party: a bare object pronoun or til when the subject lends, av when the subject borrows from a person.
en million kroner = one object. The sum sits in the theme slot. til boligkjøpet is the purpose in that NAOB example. til høy rente and renter af en udlaant sum are rate wordings. They are not a second object beside the sum, and til høy rente is not the Recipient.
What Norwegian shows, against the English gloss lend X to Y, is where the direction lives. English uses lend or borrow. Lend takes a bare recipient or to. Borrow takes from. låne uses one lemma. The give marker is a bare object pronoun or til. The person on the get frame is av. ut and bort are lend particles of that lemma. fra is printed for a word, a domain, a digit, and an institution. Dutch uses van for the person on lenen. German uses a reflexive and von or bei.
In [jeg] låner pengene til tyrken, the speaker hands over the money. In hun lånte bilen av moren sin, the subject takes the car from her mother. The definitions name a stretch of use. This page quotes that wording and does not add an aspect label.
Dictionary frames: Bokmålsordboka låne, including the inflection table, and the adverb bort, as served at ordbokene.no. NAOB låne, as served at naob.no. Språkrådet, preposisjonsbruk, the Bokmål line jeg fikk låne boka av/ hos broren min. The constructed clauses are Pat låner boken til Chris, Kan du låne meg boken?, Pat låner boken av Chris, and Pat låner ut boken. Index 2 does not list låne. Norwegian Transfer in Index 2 is bytte; gi.
Records låne as one lemma: a bare object pronoun or til when the subject lends, av when the subject borrows from a person. Records fra for a word, a domain, a digit, and an institution. Records ut and bort as lend particles of the same lemma. Records the bare pronoun with no colloquial label and no regional label. Records rent as leie ut.