Headword
Language Spanish · fifth language of load · one verb · Theme as direct object and Goal en, or sobre of an animal or a person in the definition · Location as direct object and Theme de or con, as the source prints it · intransitive cargar con is the subject taking the weight · recargar and descargar only where a dictionary prints the cargo frame
Who loads, Theme, Location or Goal · Spanish cloth · working claim, revisable
cargar · Agent as subject + Theme as direct object + Goal (en + noun · sobre of an animal or a person in the definition · a of a body part where that phrase is printed)
cargar · Agent as subject + Location as direct object + Theme (de + noun, or con + noun) · the articles do not print one preposition for every source
intransitive cargar con · the subject takes the weight · con is the thing · there is no location object in that line
English load prints both frames on one verb. Cambridge prints load this sand onto the lorry and, in the business entry, The tanker was loaded with four million gallons of diesel oil. Oxford prints Sacks were being loaded onto the truck and Men were loading up a truck with timber. German splits those frames across two verbs. laden takes the freight as an accusative and the goal in auf or in plus accusative. beladen takes the vehicle as an accusative and the freight in mit plus dative. French keeps both frames on charger, and the freight beside the place is de. Russian keeps both frames on грузить, and the freight beside the place is a bare instrumental. Japanese prints one particle frame, Theme を and vehicle に.
What the Spanish articles print. One verb keeps both object choices. The Diccionario del estudiante numbers them as two senses. Sense 2 is Poner (cosas que se van a transportar) en un vehículo, sobre un animal o sobre una persona, with Cargaron patatas en la furgoneta, Carga los haces de leña en el burro, and Carga el saco de cemento a mis espaldas. The potatoes, the bundles, and the sack are the direct object. The van and the donkey are en. The back is a. Sense 1 is Poner cosas que se van a transportar (en un vehículo, sobre un animal o sobre una persona), with Cargaron la furgoneta de patatas. The van is the direct object and the potatoes are de. The same sense also prints El burro está viejo y no conviene cargarlo mucho, with the animal as the object and the freight left out, and Siempre vuelve muy cargada de la compra, with the person as the subject of the participle and the shopping in de.
Cambridge and WordReference print con where the student dictionary prints de beside a vehicle. Cambridge’s dictionary block prints Cargaron el camión con mercadería, glossed They loaded the truck with merchandise, and the collocation cargar un camión with the freight left out. WordReference’s compound block cargar un camión prints Cargaron un camión con mercadería y salieron. The same site’s labeled block cargar algo de algo prints Tomás y su hermano cargaron el auto de maletas y salieron, glossed They loaded the car with their things. The Spanish of that line is de maletas. The English gloss uses with and does not use the noun suitcases. Fundéu prints a reader’s pair, Cargar el camión de bultos de cemento and Cargar bultos de cemento en el camión, and says both are valid because the Diccionario del estudiante prints Cargar la furgoneta de patatas and Cargar patatas en la furgoneta. The DLE sense that names a vehicle is the definition Embarcar o poner en un vehículo mercancías para transportarlas. That article does not print a finite cargo clause. en in that definition is the vehicle. A clause is not there to show which noun is the object.
The best English gloss of the van-object line is they loaded the van with potatoes. English with is one preposition. The student dictionary and the WordReference de block print de. Cambridge and the WordReference truck block print con. French prints only de for that freight. German prints mit on a second verb. Russian prints a bare instrumental. A line that stacks de and con on one vehicle is unprinted. Intransitive cargar con is a third shape: the subject takes the thing, and there is no vehicle object. The student dictionary prints El botones cargó con las maletas. The DLE prints Cargó con ello.
Read the direct object of the en frame as the freight, and en as the place it goes. Read sobre in the student-dictionary definition as the animal or the person, and a in a mis espaldas as the body part. Read the direct object of the other frame as the van, the truck, the car, the donkey, or the trunk’s possessor only where the phrase is that, and read de or con as the freight on the line that prints it. Intransitive con is the thing the subject takes. It is not the freight beside a vehicle object.
Printed cargar · Theme direct object · Goal en · a of a body part
✓ Cargaron patatas en la furgoneta. Carga los haces de leña en el burro. Carga el saco de cemento a mis espaldas. Diccionario del estudiante · sense 2 · the potatoes, the bundles, and the sack are the direct object · the van and the donkey are en · the back is a
✓ Los operarios cargaron la mercancía en el camión con ayuda de un montacargas. WordReference · principales traducciones · label (colocar: productos, mercancías) · gloss The operators loaded the goods onto the truck · the goods are the object · the truck is en · con ayuda is the forklift · it is not the freight
✓ Cargar bultos de cemento en el camión. Fundéu · the reader’s alternative · Fundéu says it is valid and names the student-dictionary line Cargar patatas en la furgoneta · the bundles are the object · the truck is en
patatas potatoes · en la furgoneta into the van · los haces de leña the bundles of firewood · en el burro onto the donkey · el saco de cemento the sack of cement · a mis espaldas onto my back · la mercancía the goods · en el camión onto the truck · the freight is the direct object · the place it goes is en in these clauses · a in the printed clause is the back, not the vehicle
en, sobre, and a · what each source assigns to the place
✓ en un vehículo, sobre un animal o sobre una persona Diccionario del estudiante · senses 1 and 2 · the definition · en is the vehicle · sobre is the animal or the person · the finite examples of sense 2 print en for the van and the donkey, and a for the back
✓ Poner o echar peso sobre alguien o sobre una bestia. · Embarcar o poner en un vehículo mercancías para transportarlas. DLE · senses 1 and 2 · the definitions · no finite cargo clause · sobre is a person or a beast · en is a vehicle
✓ ha cargado sobre sus hombros el peso de la lucha contra el narcotráfico. Cambridge · corpus example on the cargar page · the weight is the object · the shoulders are sobre · this line is not in the dictionary example block
✓ a mis espaldas Diccionario del estudiante · sense 2 · the back · this a is not the goal of a vehicle
en is the van, the donkey, and the truck in the clauses that print it · sobre is the animal or the person in the student-dictionary definition, a person or a beast in the DLE definition, and the shoulders in the Cambridge corpus line · sobre of a vehicle, beside a freight object, is unprinted · a of a vehicle, as in a goal al camión, is unprinted
The place as direct object · Theme de · or the freight left out
✓ Cargaron la furgoneta de patatas. Diccionario del estudiante · sense 1 · the van is the object · de patatas is the freight · Fundéu cites this line, and Cargar patatas en la furgoneta, as the prepositions the dictionary explains
✓ Tomás y su hermano cargaron el auto de maletas y salieron. WordReference · principales traducciones · label cargar algo de algo · (colocar carga sobre) · gloss load [sth] with [sth] · the car is the object · de maletas is the freight · the English example says with their things
✓ Cargar el camión de bultos de cemento. Fundéu · the reader’s other alternative · Fundéu says it is valid beside the en line · the truck is the object · de bultos de cemento is the freight · the dictionary clause Fundéu names is the van and the potatoes
✓ El burro está viejo y no conviene cargarlo mucho. · El muchacho cargó el burro y salió a vender verduras en el pueblo. Diccionario del estudiante · sense 1 · WordReference · label (colocar carga) · the donkey is the object · lo resumes it · the freight is unexpressed · en el pueblo is where he went to sell · it is not the goal of the load
they loaded the van with potatoes · they loaded the car with suitcases · load the truck with sacks of cement · the donkey is old and it is better not to load it much · the boy loaded the donkey · the place is the direct object · the freight, where the clause prints it, is de · these lines do not print con
The place as direct object · Theme con · Cambridge and WordReference
✓ Cargaron el camión con mercadería. Cambridge Spanish–English · GLOBAL dictionary block · gloss They loaded the truck with merchandise · the truck is the object · con mercadería is the freight · the same block prints cargar un camión with the freight left out, and No carguen demasiado el automóvil
✓ Cargaron un camión con mercadería y salieron. WordReference · compound forms · cargar un camión · label (poner mercancía) · gloss load a truck · the truck is the object · con mercadería is the freight
✓ cargar el maletero de un coche Cambridge · the same dictionary block · de un coche is the car the trunk belongs to · it is not a freight de · no finite verb in the line
they loaded the truck with merchandise · load a truck · don’t load the car too much · load the trunk of a car · Cambridge and this WordReference block print con of the merchandise · the student dictionary’s vehicle line prints de · de un coche on the trunk is the possessor of the trunk
Intransitive cargar con · the subject takes the thing · no location object
✓ El botones cargó con las maletas y se fue al ascensor. No cargue con las bolsas hasta su casa. Diccionario del estudiante · sense 17 · Tomar o llevar encima un peso · the bellhop and the addressee are the subjects · the suitcases and the bags are con · no vehicle
✓ Cargó con ello. DLE · sense 33 · Llevarse, tomar · con ello is the thing · sense 31 is Mantener, tomar o echarse sobre sí algún peso and prints no clause
✓ La chica cargaba con dos grandes bolsas. · son los que cargan con un gran peso. WordReference · compound cargar con algo · Cambridge corpus line on the same page · the girl and the countries are the subjects · the bags and the weight are con
the bellhop took the suitcases · don’t carry the bags all the way home · he made off with it · the girl was carrying two large bags · they are the ones carrying a heavy weight · this con is the thing the subject takes · it is not Cargaron el camión con mercadería, where the truck is the object
A person as the object · burden · con and de as each block prints them
✓ Al llegar a la puerta me cargó con los paquetes mientras buscaba las llaves. · No deberían cargar a alguien tan inexperto con semejante responsabilidad. Diccionario del estudiante · sense 3 · Hacer que (alguien o algo) soporten un peso · the person is the object · the packages and the responsibility are con · the second line is marked Tb. fig.
✓ No debes cargar a tus hijos con tus problemas. · No me cargues de tus problemas, suficiente tengo con los míos. WordReference · compounds · cargar a alguien con labeled (culpar) · cargar de labeled figurado (imponer algo) · the children and me are the person · the problems are con in one block and de in the other
✓ Él cargó con la responsabilidad de negociar con la dirección. · no cargar a las pequeñas empresas con costes adicionales. Diccionario del estudiante · sense 17 · Tb. fig. · Cambridge corpus · the person or the firm is the subject, or the object of the corpus line · the responsibility and the costs are con
✓ Cargarse alguien de razón, de años, de hijos. DLE · sense 43 · reflexive · de is reason, years, or children · the student dictionary prints Se cargó de hijos muy joven on the abundance sense · not a vehicle
at the door he loaded me with the parcels · they should not load someone so inexperienced with such a responsibility · don’t load your children with your problems · don’t load me with your problems · he took on the responsibility · don’t load small firms with extra costs · to become loaded with reason, with years, with children · the printed burden beside a person is con in the student dictionary and in one WordReference block, and de in the other WordReference block · a finite cargar a alguien de trabajo is unprinted
recargar and descargar · only the lines that show a load, a source, or de trabajo
✓ No te recargues de trabajo, que luego empiezas a agobiarte. Diccionario del estudiante · recargar sense 2 · Cargar (algo o a alguien) demasiado · the reflexive is the person · de trabajo is the work · the same sense prints recargar el texto con notas · the notes are con · not a truck
✓ Volver a cargar. · Aumentar la carga o el trabajo. DLE · recargar senses 1 and 2 · no finite cargo clause · the student dictionary’s finite recargar of a battery is Voy a recargar la batería del teléfono móvil
✓ Varios estibadores descargan el barco. · Descargan la mercancía del camión. Diccionario del estudiante · descargar senses 1 and 2 · the ship is the object and the freight is unexpressed · the goods are the object and the truck is del · del is de plus the article
✓ para que la descargue de trabajo. Diccionario del estudiante · descargar sense 6 · the person is la · de trabajo is the work · the DLE descargar sense 1 is Quitar o aliviar la carga and prints no clause
don’t load yourself up with work · several stevedores unload the ship · they unload the goods from the truck · so that she can take the work off her · descargar prints the place as the object, or the freight as the object with the truck in de · de trabajo is printed on recargarse and on descargar · it is unprinted on a finite cargar a alguien
Participle · which argument is the subject
✓ Siempre vuelve muy cargada de la compra. Diccionario del estudiante · sense 1 · the person is the subject of vuelve … cargada · de la compra stays
✓ María iba cargada de bolsas y caminaba lento. WordReference · compound cargar de · the note says Se construye con participio · the person is the subject · de bolsas stays
she always comes back very loaded with the shopping · María was loaded with bags · the participle that is printed makes the person the subject and keeps de · a participle that makes a truck the subject and keeps de or con is unprinted · a participle that makes the potatoes the subject and keeps en is unprinted
Hay on a truck · the two English frames · constructed where the clause is not the printed one
✓ Cargar el heno en el camión. constructed · modelled on Cargaron patatas en la furgoneta and on cargaron la mercancía en el camión · heno is not the noun in those lines
✓ Cargar el camión de heno. constructed · modelled on Cargaron la furgoneta de patatas and on cargaron el auto de maletas · heno is not the noun
✓ Cargar el camión con heno. constructed · modelled on Cambridge Cargaron el camión con mercadería · heno is not the noun · con of a merchandise noun is printed
* Cargar el heno al camión. constructed · a of the vehicle as the goal · unprinted · the printed a is a mis espaldas · the goal of the freight in the clauses is en
el heno the hay · en el camión onto the truck · de heno of hay · con heno with hay · English can say both on load and marks the second freight with with · French prints de and does not print avec · Spanish prints de in one article and con in another · these three hay lines are constructed · al camión is not the printed goal
| Place | Introduced by (working) | Spanish marking | Status in the sources | English marking |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agent | subject of the finite verb | subject · no case ending printed | los operarios · Tomás y su hermano · el muchacho · el botones · omitted in the bare infinitive lines · a spelled subject is unprinted on the student dictionary’s Cargaron patatas | subject of load |
| Theme | the freight, when it is the direct object | direct object · no case ending | patatas · los haces de leña · el saco de cemento · la mercancía · bultos de cemento in the Fundéu question · el peso in the Cambridge corpus line | object of load onto / into · this sand · sacks |
| Goal | where the freight goes | en + noun · sobre of an animal or a person in the definition · a of a body part | en la furgoneta · en el burro · en el camión · a mis espaldas · sobre sus hombros · sobre of a vehicle unprinted · a of a vehicle unprinted | onto · into · Cambridge onto the lorry · Oxford onto the truck |
| Location | the vehicle, animal, or person that receives the load | direct object · or subject of the participle, where that participle is a person | la furgoneta · el camión · el auto · el burro · el automóvil · me and a alguien on the burden lines · cargada of a person | object of load or of load with · a truck · the tanker |
| Theme | the freight, when the place is the object | de + noun · or con + noun · the source chooses | de patatas · de maletas · de bultos de cemento in the Fundéu question · con mercadería · con los paquetes on the person · intransitive con las maletas has no location object · a stack of de and con on one vehicle is unprinted | with · with timber · French de · German mit plus dative · Russian bare instrumental |
| Source | where the freight is taken off | de + noun · del in the printed clause | del camión on Descargan la mercancía · descargan el barco leaves the source out · a source beside a freight object of cargar is unprinted | from · unload from the truck |
| Passive subject | participle with volver or ir | subject of vuelve or of iba | the person, with de, on cargada de la compra and cargada de bolsas · a vehicle subject of estar cargado is unprinted · a freight subject that keeps en is unprinted | was loaded with · were loaded onto |
Marking map. On the en frame, the direct object is the freight and the preposition is the goal. On the other frame, the direct object is the place, and the freight is de or con according to the article. de un coche in el maletero de un coche is the car the trunk belongs to. con ayuda de un montacargas is the means. Intransitive cargar con has no place object. Do not read Carga los cartuchos en la escopeta, or cargar la batería, as this cargo en.
| English, German, French, Japanese, or Russian frame | Printed line | Spanish that prints it | What the gloss does |
|---|---|---|---|
| load X onto/into Y | Cambridge load this sand onto the lorry · Oxford onto the truck · German Kisten auf einen Lkw laden · French les bagages dans la voiture | cargar · Theme direct object · Goal en · Cargaron patatas en la furgoneta · la mercancía en el camión | same frame · the hay line is constructed · a of a vehicle is unprinted |
| load Y with X | Oxford loading up a truck with timber · Cambridge business loaded with diesel oil · German einen Wagen mit Kohle beladen · French était chargée de charbon | same verb · Location direct object · Theme de in la furgoneta de patatas and el auto de maletas · Theme con in el camión con mercadería | English has one preposition, with · Spanish prints de in one article and con in another · the hay lines are constructed |
| one verb, both frames | both rows above are load · both rows are French charger | both rows are cargar · the student dictionary numbers them as senses 1 and 2 | Spanish matches English and French in keeping one verb · German uses two verbs |
| French de only | La péniche était chargée de charbon · avec unprinted | de is printed on an active finite vehicle clause · con is also printed, in Cambridge and in WordReference | French does not print the second preposition · Spanish does, in a different article |
| German be- | beladen · Location accusative · Theme mit plus dative | the place-object frame of cargar · freight de or con · not a second verb | one Spanish verb covers the German pair · con is the closer gloss of mit · de is also printed |
| Russian bare instrumental | Г. баржу лесом · no с | de or con · both are prepositions · intransitive cargar con is a different frame | Russian prints no preposition on that freight · Spanish prints one |
| Japanese を + に | トラックに新米を積む · both English glosses sit on this shape | the en frame is the close match · the place-object frame is the other object choice | Japanese does not print Location を plus Theme で · Spanish does print the place as object, with de or con |
| burden and cargar con | the sibling pages’ English cards do not print a person-object line | cargar a alguien … con semejante responsabilidad · No me cargues de tus problemas · intransitive cargó con las maletas | the person-object burden is con or de by block · intransitive con has no place object · de trabajo is printed on recargarse and on descargar |
Spanish cargar beside the two English frames, the two German verbs, French charger, Japanese 積む, and Russian грузить. The Spanish cards use lines the dictionaries print.
ES · cargar · en
Cargaron patatas en la furgoneta.
Diccionario del estudiante · sense 2 · Theme direct object · Goal en
Move English they loaded potatoes into the van. The freight is the object. The van is in en. The same verb also takes the van as the object.
ES · cargar · de / con
Cargaron la furgoneta de patatas. Cargaron el camión con mercadería.
Diccionario del estudiante · Cambridge · Location direct object · Theme de or con
Move English load the van with potatoes. French prints de and not avec. Spanish prints both de and con, in different articles.
EN · load onto / into
How long will it take to load this sand onto the lorry? Sacks were being loaded onto the truck.
Cambridge learner · Oxford
Move Same English verb as the with-card. Spanish prints this frame as a direct object plus en.
EN · load with
Men were loading up a truck with timber. The tanker was loaded with four million gallons of diesel oil.
Oxford · Cambridge business
Move The truck is the English object. Spanish prints de or con. The articles do not pick one of them for every vehicle.
DE · laden / beladen
Kisten auf einen Lkw laden. einen Wagen mit Kohle beladen.
Duden · DWDS · two verbs · see the German page
Move German splits the frames across two verbs. Spanish prints both on cargar. mit is a preposition. Spanish prints con or de.
FR · charger · de
La péniche était chargée de charbon.
Académie · see the French page · place is the subject · Theme de
Move One French verb, and the freight beside the place is de. Spanish also prints con on an active finite truck clause. An active finite de on a vehicle is unprinted on the French page.
JA · 積む · に + を
トラックに新米を積む。
デジタル大辞泉 · Theme を · Goal に · both English glosses sit on this shape
Move One particle frame. Spanish has the second object choice on cargar. An outer -sase- wrap is not a second headword and is not drawn.
RU · грузить · instrumental
Г. баржу лесом.
Ozhegov · Location accusative · Theme bare instrumental · see the Russian page
Move The barge is the object. Russian prints no preposition on the timber. Spanish prints de or con.
The shapes below are the ones the DLE conjugation of cargar, the Diccionario del estudiante, Cambridge, and WordReference print. The DLE table prints yo cargo, tú cargas / vos cargás, él carga, nosotros cargamos, vosotros cargáis, ellos cargan, the preterite yo cargué and él cargó, the subjunctive cargue, and the participle cargado. gu before e is the spelling in cargue and cargué. Wikcionario files the paradigm as llegar and prints the same gu. Barron’s 501 Spanish Verbs was not opened. Nothing is quoted from it. An outer Japanese -sase- wrap is not a form of this verb. It is not a second headword, and this page does not draw it. Which theta role is the object is the revisable note Causative templates and argument selection. This page does not edit that note.
| Lemma | As printed | Shapes in the lines above | What stays off the cargo frame |
|---|---|---|---|
| cargar | DLE transitive senses 1 and 2 for the weight and the vehicle · intransitive sense 33 Cargó con ello · student dictionary senses 1, 2, 3, and 17 · conjugation like the gu of cargue and cargué | cargaron · carga · cargó · carguen · cargarlo · cargada · cargaba | a weapon, a battery, a fee, a file, an attack, a game |
| cargarse | DLE sense 43 · student dictionary Tb. en constr. prnl. media on the abundance sense | se cargó de hijos · cargarse de razón | se cargó al ladrón and os lo vais a cargar are the colloquial senses · not the truck |
| recargar | DLE Volver a cargar · Aumentar la carga o el trabajo · student dictionary sense 2 | recargues · recargar | recargar la batería · recargar el texto con notas · recargar los recibos |
| descargar | student dictionary senses 1, 2, and 6 · DLE sense 1 Quitar o aliviar la carga with no clause | descargan · descargue | a weapon, a battery, a file, a blow, a river |
The participle cargado / cargada is the form in vuelve muy cargada and iba cargada. cargarlo is the donkey of the student-dictionary line. me in me cargó con los paquetes is the person of sense 3. le in the DLE commerce line Le hemos cargado doce euros por gastos de envío is not this cargo person.
Weapon, battery, computer, fee. The DLE prints Carga los cartuchos en la escopeta and Cargar una estilográfica, un arma. The student dictionary prints Cargó la escopeta, cargar el teléfono móvil, Para cargar el programa, and Le hemos cargado diez euros por gastos de envío. Cambridge prints cargar el revolver and cargar la batería. WordReference prints cargan las pistolas con balas de salva and carga la batería. That en and that con are the gun and the blanks. They are not the truck.
Blame and abundance. The student dictionary prints Todos los testigos cargaron las culpas sobre él and No cargues la habitación de trastos inútiles. The DLE files imputing as its own sense and prints no cargo clause there. sobre él is the person blamed. de trastos is the junk in a room. Neither is the freight of a van.
Attack. The DLE intransitive is Efectuar una carga contra el enemigo and the football sense. WordReference prints Los soldados cargaron contra el enemigo. The student dictionary prints La caballería cargó contra el enemigo and el delantero carga contra el portero. contra is the opponent. It is not a vehicle.
Carry a person, not a passenger of a vehicle. WordReference prints Manuel cargó las maletas hasta el auto, glossed carried the cases to the car, and cargar a un bebé, glossed hold a baby and carry a baby. The student dictionary prints tiene que cargar con los niños a todas partes. The baby is the object. The children are con. A taxi passenger, as a separate object the way French prints un client, is unprinted.
Argument difference. English load hay onto the truck and load the truck with hay are one verb, and the second freight is with. German prints the first frame on laden and the second on beladen. French prints both on charger, and the freight beside the place is de. Russian prints both on грузить, and the freight beside the place is a bare instrumental. Japanese prints Theme を and vehicle に. Spanish prints both object choices on cargar. The goal of the freight is en in the clauses, and sobre of an animal or a person in the definition. The freight beside the place is de in the Diccionario del estudiante and in the WordReference de block, and con in Cambridge and in the WordReference truck block. The hay sentences are constructed. The dictionary cousins are the lines with the real tags.
Printed cousins · then the constructed hay lines
✓ Cargaron patatas en la furgoneta. Diccionario del estudiante
✓ Cargaron la furgoneta de patatas. Diccionario del estudiante
✓ Los operarios cargaron la mercancía en el camión. WordReference
✓ Cargaron el camión con mercadería. Cambridge
✓ Cargar el heno en el camión. constructed on patatas en la furgoneta
✓ Cargar el camión de heno. constructed on la furgoneta de patatas
✓ Cargar el camión con heno. constructed on el camión con mercadería
* Cargar el heno al camión. constructed · unprinted · a of the vehicle
Each sketch is a working drawing. The subject is the loader. On one frame the direct object is the freight and en is the goal. On the other the direct object is the place and de or con is the freight, as the article prints it. Open one sketch at a time. Which theta role is the object is the revisable note Causative templates and argument selection. That note, following Dowty, chooses the object by Proto-Patient properties, and the property it uses is incremental theme. The moving freight is the closer match to that property. Whether the filled place is that property is open. This page does not edit that note, and it does not draw an outer Japanese -sase- wrap.
cargar · working, revisable
[ —
[ √carg-
[Theme patatas ]
[PP en [ la furgoneta ]]]] ← Diccionario del estudiante · sense 2
[ —
[ √carg-
[Theme la mercancía ]
[PP en [ el camión ]]]] ← WordReference
en is the goal in these clauses. sobre of an animal or a person is the definition, and sobre sus hombros is the Cambridge corpus line. a in a mis espaldas is the back. a of a vehicle is unprinted. Carga los cartuchos en la escopeta has this en and a cartridge. It is not the cargo.
✓ Cargaron patatas en la furgoneta. Diccionario del estudiante
* Cargar el heno al camión. constructed · unprinted
cargar · the place is the object · working, revisable
[ —
[ √carg-
[Location la furgoneta ]
[PP de [ patatas ]]]] ← Diccionario del estudiante · sense 1
[ —
[ √carg-
[Location el camión ]
[PP con [ mercadería ]]]] ← Cambridge
The two prepositions are printed in different articles. The student dictionary and the WordReference cargar algo de algo block print de. Cambridge and the WordReference truck block print con. A clause that stacks both on one vehicle is unprinted. Intransitive cargó con las maletas has con and no location object. de un coche on el maletero is the possessor of the trunk.
✓ Cargaron la furgoneta de patatas. Diccionario del estudiante
✓ Cargaron el camión con mercadería. Cambridge
The subject takes the weight · working, revisable
[ el botones
[ √carg-
[PP con [ las maletas ]]]] ← no vehicle object
The student dictionary files this as Tomar o llevar encima un peso. The DLE files Cargó con ello as Llevarse, tomar. The thing is con. It is not the con of el camión con mercadería, and it is not a second headword.
✓ El botones cargó con las maletas. Diccionario del estudiante
Participle · working, revisable
[ ella
[ vuelve cargada
[PP de [ la compra ]]]] ← person subject · de stays
The printed participle makes the person the subject and keeps de. French était chargée de charbon makes the barge the subject and keeps de. A Spanish participle that makes the van the subject and keeps de or con is unprinted. A participle that makes the potatoes the subject and keeps en is unprinted. Descargan la mercancía del camión is active. The goods are the object and del camión stays.
✓ Siempre vuelve muy cargada de la compra. Diccionario del estudiante
Working · both Spanish freight prepositions are printed
[ —
[ √LOAD
[Theme potatoes ]
[PP into [ the van ]]]] ← English onto
← Spanish en
← French sur / dans
← German laden
← Japanese を + に
← Russian accusative + на/в
[ —
[ √LOAD
[Location a van ]
[PP with [ potatoes ]]]] ← English with
← German beladen
← French de
← Spanish de or con
← Russian bare instrumental
← Japanese gloss only
The student dictionary prints both Spanish object choices as two senses of cargar and does not split them onto two verbs. It prints de beside the van. Cambridge and WordReference also print con beside the truck. French prints de and does not print avec. German prints the second frame on beladen. Russian prints a bare instrumental. Japanese prints both English glosses on Theme を plus Goal に.
Working paper · October 2026 · Spanish micro-entry · beyond Index 2
cargar prints both frames on one verb. The freight is the direct object and the goal is en. The place is the direct object and the freight is de or con, as the article prints it. French prints de and does not print a second preposition. German splits the frames across laden and beladen. Russian prints a bare instrumental. Japanese prints one を plus に frame.
Spanish frames: the Diccionario de la lengua española for cargar, recargar, and descargar. The Diccionario del estudiante for the same three verbs, including the clauses it prints. Fundéu’s note that cites that student dictionary. Cambridge Spanish–English for cargar, the dictionary block and the corpus examples on that page. WordReference Spanish–English, the labeled principales traducciones and the compound forms. English, German, French, Japanese, and Russian frames are the ones already on the sibling load pages. María Moliner, 501 Spanish Verbs, and the CORPES and CREA search pages were not opened.
Records cargar with the freight as the direct object and the goal in en, and with the place as the direct object and the freight in de or in con. English load prints both frames on one verb and uses with. French prints de. German prints the second frame on beladen. Russian prints a bare instrumental. Japanese prints both English glosses on を plus に. All of this is a working claim, revisable.