deduct · odjąć / potrącić

Hierarchy

Same inventory as English deduct, the Hungarian twin, and the Bulgarian twin. Not five sisters of one V. Surface count can name the board, 0,3, ETH, every account, and a Q3 threshold — but Amount and Denomination share one MeasureP, Domain is one z-phrase, and Reason is high / outer. każdego quantifies that one Domain. It is not an extra argument. The same quantifier on the FIN page quantifies one Account under na.

0,3 ETH = one MeasureP. Orthography is not extra arity (Polish decimal comma, the same string already on the live FIN page). Amount and Denomination are both inner arguments of that object. Composition is V(MeasureP), not V(n)(U). Hom(e, ⟨n,U⟩): the decrement is measured by degree n on scale U. The decimal does not display accusative against genitive. The noun and the counted QP do. Leaving the unit outside the genitive QP strands it.

Working hierarchy: Agent-ish > MeasureP ⟨Amount, Denomination⟩ > Domain > Reason. Case ranking on odjąć is Initiator (subject; past agrees in gender) > MeasureP (accusative; genitive under nie) > Domain (z+GEN). Weather still fails the Initiator. e2 is the decrement. HAS_ON_BOOKS, debit/OWE, and payout are other roots.

Polish frames · Case clothes

One ranked lemma. The citation is perfective odjąć. Imperfective odejmować is the other member of the aspect pair. The working cloth uses the past feminine odjęła with subject Rada, the same subject as printed zapisała. The MeasureP is accusative. The Domain is under z+GEN. There is no particle to strand and no second structural object. The bound od- stays inside the word under negation and under WH. Do not conflate this z+GEN Domain with FIN’s na+Account, with FEE’s za Consideration, or with blame’s accusative Target. potrącić is not given a second frame on this page.

1. ✓ Rada odjęła 0,3 ETH z rachunku. working cloth · constructed · ACC MeasureP + z+GEN Domain · past fem · affirmative of the string FIN rejects
2. ✓ Rada odjęła 0,3 ETH z każdego rachunku. każdego quantifies the one Domain · GEN on the quantifier · mirror of HU minden számláról · constructed
3. ✓ Rada odejmie 0,3 ETH z rachunku. perfective future 3sg · odjąć · same root · constructed
4. ✓ Rada odejmuje 0,3 ETH z rachunku. imperfective present · odejmować · same root · not a second sense
5. ✓ Bank odjął 0,3 ETH z rachunku. Initiator = institution · past masc · agrees in gender
6. ✓ Izba rozliczeniowa odjęła 0,3 ETH z rachunku. Initiator = institution · past fem · constructed
7. ✓ Inteligentny kontrakt odjął 0,3 ETH z rachunku. Initiator = code · past masc · constructed
8. ✓ Rada odjęła tę kwotę z rachunku. noun MeasureP · ACC tę kwotę visible · constructed
9. ✓ Rada odjęła trzy tokeny z rachunku. counted QP · ACC trzy tokeny · one MeasureP · constructed
10. ✓ Rada odjęła 0,3 ETH z rachunku z powodu progu trzeciego kwartału. outer Reason · z powodu · not FEE za · constructed
11. ✓ Odjęto 0,3 ETH z rachunku. impersonal -to · named Initiator suppressed · MeasureP stays the object · parallel to FIN Zapisano
12. ✓ Rada nie odjęła 0,3 ETH z rachunku. nie before the verb · decimal does not spell ACC vs GEN · od- stays inside the word · Domain stays z+GEN
13. ✓ Rada nie odjęła tej kwoty z rachunku. GEN-neg · tej kwoty · whole MeasureP · Domain unchanged · constructed spell-out of the FIN/FEE rule
14. ✓ Rada nie odjęła trzech tokenów z rachunku. GEN on the whole QP · unit inside the QP · constructed
15. ✓ 0,3 ETH zostało odjęte z rachunku. zostać promotes the MeasureP · neuter default on the decimal · parallel to FIN zostało zapisane
16. ✓ Ta kwota została odjęta z rachunku. noun MeasureP promoted · feminine participle
17. ✓ FIN contrast, printed: Rada zapisała 0,3 ETH na rachunku. na+LOC Account · credit-fin-pl.html · also on attribute-att-pl.html
18. ✓ FIN contrast, printed: na rachunek na+ACC · directional goal of the same Account · not a second object
19. ✓ FIN negative, printed: Nie zapisano 0,3 ETH na rachunku. blame-pl.html
20. ✓ FIN negative, printed: Czy nie zapisali 0,3 ETH na rachunku? attribute-att-pl.html
21. ✓ FIN GEN-neg, the rule this page uses: Rada nie zapisała tej kwoty na rachunku. credit-fin-pl.html
22. ✓ FEE contrast, on the FEE page: Rada nie obciążyła tej kwoty. GEN-neg on the fee QP · charge-fee-pl.html
23. ✓ FEE contrast, on the FEE page: Rada nie obciążyła trzech tokenów. same QP rewrite · e2 there is debit / OWE
24. ✓ FEE contrast, hunch: Co obciążyła rada za jednego bitcoina? za Consideration · not deduct Reason · not adopted
25. ✓ ATT contrast, printed: Rada przypisała wczesne ukończenie wykonawcy. ACC = Charge · DAT = Target · attribute-att-pl.html
26. ✓ ATT contrast, printed: Czy nie przypisali wczesne ukończenie wykonawcy? ACC Charge stays under nie · GEN-neg does not rewrite ATT Charge
27. ✓ blame contrast, printed: Komisja obwiniała wykonawcę o opóźnienie. ACC = Target · blame-pl.html
28. ✓ blame contrast, printed: Winili wykonawcę za opóźnienie. ACC = Target · za there is Charge content
29. ✓ blame contrast, printed: Obwiniali wykonawcę o opóźnienie. ACC = Target
30. ✓ blame contrast, printed: Komisja oskarżyła wykonawcę o opóźnienie. ACCUSE companion · ACC = Target
31. ✓ HU contrast: A tanács minden számláról 0,3 ETH-t levont. DEL Domain + ACC MeasureP · deduct-hu.html
32. ✓ BG contrast: Съветът отчисли 0,3 ETH от сметката. от+Domain · object stays under не · deduct-bg.html
33. * Rada nie odjęła tę kwotę z rachunku. accusative MeasureP left under nie · the rewrite is tej kwoty
34. * Rada nie odjęła trzy tokeny z rachunku. accusative counted QP left under nie · the rewrite is trzech tokenów
35. * Rada nie odjęła trzech z rachunku tokenów. GEN-neg does not split the QP around the Domain
36. * Rada nie odjęła tej kwoty z rachunku ETH. unit stranded · GEN-neg rewrites the whole MeasureP
37. * Rada nie odjęła trzech tokenów rachunku. z stays · GEN-neg does not eat the Domain
38. * Rada nie jęła od tej kwoty z rachunku. od- does not separate · constructed from the bound-prefix fact · jąć is not a free modern verb · not Hungarian le-
39. * Rada odjęła rachunek 0,3 ETH. no DOC of MeasureP + Domain as two bare ACC Themes
40. * Rada odjęła 0,3 ETH i rachunek. no coordination of two bare Themes
41. * Rada odjęła 0,3 ETH na rachunku. na+LOC = zapisać / TO, not FROM
42. * Rada zapisała 0,3 ETH z rachunku. already starred on FIN · z+GEN is this root, not zapisać
43. * Rada odjęła 0,3 ETH z rachunku za jednego bitcoina. za is FEE Consideration (a hunch there), not deduct Reason · Reason is z powodu
44. * Zła pogoda odjęła 0,3 ETH z rachunku. weather ≠ Initiator
45. * Rachunek został odjęty 0,3 ETH. no promotion of the z+GEN Domain on this root

MeasureP WH / LBC

odjąć has a verbal MeasureP. Amount and Denomination compose one measure object. Whole-QP pied-piping is free under Neg. Amount-only is free when the unit is bound. Left-branch extraction of Amount leaving the unit next to the verb is still out — same LBC record as English deduct, sell, charge_FEE, and the live credit_FIN twins. z pied-pipes with the Domain. It does not split the MeasureP, and it does not strand. There is no Hungarian preverbal Focus slot, so WH fronting is not a second host competing with a particle. The bound od- does not leave the verb when a WH phrase fronts. Degree WH below uses ETH so it is not confused with the genitive of negation on a counted QP. ile + genitive is a different rule, and this page does not file it as the deduct diagnostic.

1. ✓ Ile ETH odjęła rada z rachunku? whole MeasureP
2. ✓ Ile odjęła rada z rachunku? degree WH · U bound
3. ✓ Z którego rachunku odjęła rada 0,3 ETH? z+Domain WH · whole PP
4. ✓ Kto odjął 0,3 ETH z rachunku? Initiator WH · masculine verb with kto
5. ✓ Co odjęła rada z rachunku? whole MeasureP as co
6. ✓ Z powodu czego odjęła rada 0,3 ETH z rachunku? Reason · z powodu · not FEE za
7. ✓ Kto ile ETH z którego rachunku odjął? cluster hypothesis · not a ranked elicitation · not Hungarian Focus uniqueness
8. * Ile odjęła rada ETH z rachunku? LBC · U stranded
9. * Ile odjęła ETH rada z rachunku? LBC · unit left beside the verb
10. * Co odjęła rada 0,3 z rachunku? what hijacks the object · stranded n
11. * Z którego odjęła rada rachunku 0,3 ETH? z does not strand
12. ✓ FEE pointer, on the FEE page: Co obciążyła rada? WH = fee MeasureP · not this Domain · charge-fee-pl.html
13. ✓ ATT pointer: Co przypisała rada wykonawcy? WH = Charge · not MeasureP · przypisywać

Superiority ranks Initiator > MeasureP > z-Domain > outer Reason. Amount and Denomination never compete as two verbal WH-items. Cheap NegQ association tracks the MeasureP, and under nie that associate is genitive when the ending is visible. Challenging the Domain wants that book already in the associate, under z. Multiple WH fronting stays an open Group C flag. It is not an elicited superiority paradigm, and it is not Hungarian Focus uniqueness. Polish has no ли.

Geometry · deduct ≠ credit_FIN ≠ charge_FEE ≠ charge_ACCUSE ≠ ATT / blame ≠ pay

In the constructed cloth Rada odjęła 0,3 ETH z rachunku, the board takes 0,3 ETH off the account’s book. That is FROM_SET decrement. The account is Domain. 0,3 ETH is MeasureP. e2 is decrement-true of that measure from the Domain.

• ≠ credit_FIN / zapisać. Shared MeasureP. Opposite polarity: deduct = FROM_SET decrement; FIN = TO_SET increment. FIN’s cloth is na+LOC Account + accusative MeasureP, already printed as Rada zapisała 0,3 ETH na rachunku, with directional na rachunek as the same Account. z+GEN on the account is this root (*zapisała 0,3 ETH z rachunku, already starred there). FIN’s e2 is HAS_ON_BOOKS. Payout is not entailed there, and it is not e2 here. The same GEN-neg hits both QPs. That shared case rule does not make decrement this ledger root, and it does not make HAS_ON_BOOKS this decrement. Live twin: credit-fin-pl.html.
• ≠ charge_FEE / obciążyć / naliczyć. Shared FROM family and a verbal MeasureP. FEE’s e2 is debit / OWE. FEE’s Consideration is za (za jednego bitcoina, a hunch on the FEE page, not adopted). FEE’s Payer Case stays open. Deduct ranks the Domain as z+GEN and files Reason as z powodu. obciążyć and naliczyć are two FEE names, not an aspect pair. Deduct’s odejmować / odjąć is an aspect pair of one root. Polish FEE does not copy English ACC promotion as two bare Themes. Deduct does not close that open Payer by lending it z. Live twin: charge-fee-pl.html.
• ≠ charge_ACCUSE / oskarżyć. Ascription: Judge > Target > Accusation. Different root. No selected MeasureP. No Appl_FROM of a measure. Printed: Komisja oskarżyła wykonawcę o opóźnienie. See charge-accuse.html and the live blame page.
• ≠ blame / obwiniać / winić. Fault ascription. The accusative is the Target. Charge wears za / o / za to, że. That za is Charge content. It is not deduct’s Reason and not FEE’s Consideration. Printed: Komisja obwiniała wykonawcę o opóźnienie; Winili wykonawcę za opóźnienie. GEN-neg does not rewrite the Target or the Charge association.
• ≠ attribute_ATT / przypisywać. Content-ascribe. Accusative Charge + dative Target. No MeasureP and no Domain. Printed: Rada przypisała wczesne ukończenie wykonawcy. Under nie the Charge stays accusative (Czy nie przypisali wczesne ukończenie wykonawcy?). GEN-neg does not rewrite ATT Charge. Live twin: attribute-att-pl.html.
• ≠ MERIT. No Polish merit micro-entry. Do not invent credit-merit-pl.html. Do not invent credit-merit-bg.html.
• ≠ płacić / zapłacić, przelewać / przelać / pay_GIVE. Index 2 Payment. Pay writes a MeasureP with Recipient HAVE. Deduct writes a MeasureP FROM a Domain. A later transfer can move funds. That later event is not e2 of odjąć.
• ≠ earmark. Earmark’s Purpose is RESTRICTED_FOR. Deduct’s z powodu is JUSTIFIED_BY. No FROM-loss on earmark. No Polish earmark page is opened here.
• ≠ sell / SWAP. Sell: Recipient HAS goods; Price stays inside a price phrase. Deduct’s object is the decrement. sell·Navajo stays deferred.
• ≠ Hungarian Focus, and ≠ Bulgarian object-stays. Live Hungarian levon separates le- under Focus or nem and keeps the measure accusative. Live Bulgarian отчислявам has no nominal genitive, so the direct object keeps its form under не. Polish nie rewrites the measuring QP and leaves z rachunku in place. od- does not leave the verb. Bulgarian’s stable object is not a reason to leave Polish tę kwotę accusative under nie. Hungarian prefix separation is not a Polish particle.
• Missing defaults. Destruction, house-credit, guilt, and payout are not entailed. A follow-up that denies those sequels does not deny the decrement. HAS_ON_BOOKS ≠ decrement ≠ debit/OWE ≠ HAVE. GEN-neg ≠ the definition of deduct.

Shells, ApplP, and Case

1. M1√DEDUCT merges with MeasureP ⟨Amount, Denom⟩
2. M2z+Domain merges with the set
3. M3Voice merges Initiator
4. A4T ↔ Initiator · subject φ · past agrees in gender (odjęła / odjął)
5. A5v ↔ MeasureP · ACC; GEN under nie (tej kwoty, trzech tokenów)
6. V6WH fronts; z pied-pipes; Amount stays inside MeasureP
7. V7No particle leaves odjąć / odejmować
8. F8Voice filter · weather ≠ Initiator
9. G9Gold · e2 = decrement · LBC holds · GEN-neg ≠ a new theta and ≠ the definition

VoiceP  [ Initiator = rada
  (ReasonP)  [ z powodu progu ]   // optional, outer
  ApplP_FROM  [ z rachunku ]
    VP  [ √DEDUCT   [ MeasureP  [ Amount 0,3 ] [ N ETH ] ] ]
]
— the MeasureP is accusative (tę kwotę / trzy tokeny / 0,3 ETH)
— z spells GEN on rachunku in the affirmative
— that prepositional genitive is not GEN-neg
— od- stays inside the verb

Neg  [ nie ]
  VP  [ odjęła ]
— MeasureP: GEN under nie when the ending is visible (tej kwoty / trzech tokenów)
— decimal 0,3 ETH does not spell ACC vs GEN
— Domain: z rachunku unchanged
— no second structural object
— no particle to strand
— GEN-neg ≠ √DEDUCT
— Focus separation of le- is Hungarian (deduct-hu.html), not this field
— object-stays under не is Bulgarian (deduct-bg.html), not this field

odjąć licenses one structural object: the MeasureP. Under nie that object is genitive when Polish can show the ending. The Domain wears z. There is no frame in which MeasureP and Domain are both bare accusative Themes. No low Appl_HAVE of goods. No √ASCRIBE. No √CHARGE_FEE. High Reason is extra when present. Aspect (odejmować / odjąć, past odjęła / odjął, impersonal odjęto) is lemma morphology. The bound od- is not a Hungarian particle and it is not a German particle that strands in every main clause.

∃e [ DECREMENT(e)
  ∧ INIT(e, rada)
  ∧ DEGREE(e, 0.3) ∧ UNIT(e, ETH)
  ∧ FROM_SET(e, R) ∧ Hom(e, ⟨0.3, ETH⟩)
  ∧ JUSTIFIED_BY(e, Q3) ]   // Reason optional
e2: ⟨0.3, ETH⟩ is off the books of R after e

Underivables (Polish deduct)

1. * Zła pogoda odjęła 0,3 ETH z rachunku. weather / inanimate as Initiator
2. * To, co zrobiła zła pogoda, to odjąć 0,3 ETH z rachunku. do-test · Initiator filter
3. * Ile odjęła rada ETH z rachunku? LBC · U stranded
4. * Co odjęła rada 0,3 z rachunku? LBC · stranded n
5. * Rada odjęła 0,3 ETH na rachunku. na ≠ FROM · use zapisać for TO
6. * Rada zapisała 0,3 ETH z rachunku. FIN verb + FROM Domain · already starred on credit-fin-pl
7. * Rada odjęła rachunek 0,3 ETH. no DOC of MeasureP + Domain as two bare ACC Themes
8. * Rada nie odjęła tę kwotę z rachunku. accusative MeasureP under nie
9. * Rada nie odjęła trzech tokenów rachunku. GEN-neg does not eat the Domain · z stays
10. * Rada nie jęła od tej kwoty z rachunku. od- does not separate
11. * Rada odjęła 0,3 ETH z rachunku za jednego bitcoina. za ≠ Reason · FEE Consideration hunch
12. * Rachunek został odjęty 0,3 ETH. z+GEN Domain does not promote
13. * Z którego odjęła rada rachunku 0,3 ETH? z does not strand
14. * Rada przypisała 0,3 ETH z rachunku. ATT verb + decrement MeasureP hybrid
15. ✓ institution / contract as Initiator: Inteligentny kontrakt odjął 0,3 ETH z rachunku. book-keeper fine

N/A · not Polish deduct diagnostics

Sibling deduct pages omit diagnostics the language does not have. Polish deduct matches the FIN page’s local cuts: z+GEN Domain, accusative MeasureP, genitive of negation on that MeasureP, no stranded particle, and zostać promotion of the MeasureP versus impersonal odjęto. Hungarian Focus and prefix separation stay on deduct-hu.html. Bulgarian’s lack of genitive of negation stays on deduct-bg.html.

• Genitive of negation as the definition of deduct. N/A. The rewrite is Case under nie. It hits the measuring QP of zapisać and of obciążyć as well. √DEDUCT is the decrement. Do not read tej kwoty as the sense.
• z+GEN as genitive of negation. N/A. rachunku is genitive because z governs the genitive, in the affirmative and under nie. GEN-neg rewrites the accusative MeasureP. It does not rewrite the Domain a second time.
• Hungarian Focus + nem as a unique preverbal host. N/A. Polish negation is not a slot that strands a prefix. Two or three WH phrases are an open cluster flag, not a Focus-uniqueness reject. Do not mark Kto ile ETH z którego rachunku odjął? ungrammatical on Hungarian grounds.
• Hungarian prefix separation / German V2 strand / Dutch particle / Norwegian bound prefix as a Polish particle. N/A. odjęła is one word in the affirmative and under nie. od- does not follow the verb. The starred nie jęła od string is constructed from that bound-prefix fact. jąć is not a free modern verb. Perfective odjąć and imperfective odejmować are aspect, not a stranded le.
• Hungarian definite versus indefinite conjugation. N/A. odjęła does not conjugate for definiteness of the measure. It agrees with the subject in gender.
• Norwegian få / Dutch krijgen promotion of a dative Domain. N/A. There is no dative Domain on this cloth. zostać promotes the MeasureP. Impersonal odjęto keeps the object. The z+GEN Domain does not raise.
• Romance en / ne. N/A. Quantity is the accusative MeasureP, or a degree WH with the unit bound, or the genitive QP under nie.
• Bulgarian absence of GEN-neg as a reason to leave Polish accusative under nie. N/A. Bulgarian has no nominal genitive for не to write. Polish does. Rada nie odjęła tę kwotę z rachunku is the reject. The Bulgarian object-stays fact is filed on deduct-bg.html.
• Bulgarian от without a case ending, as this Domain. N/A. Polish z spells genitive on the Domain. That prepositional genitive is not GEN-neg. The Bulgarian preposition is a different cloth of the same Appl_FROM.
• FEE Payer promotion as a deduct cloth. N/A. English charge_FEE can promote a Payer. Polish FEE leaves that Case open. Deduct keeps Domain oblique (z+GEN) and does not file a second object.
• na+LOC beside na+ACC as this root’s Domain. N/A. That pair is the TO dual on zapisać. This root’s ranked Domain is z+GEN.

NegQ pointer · association sites

Negative questions on deduct keep the decrement map from Negative_Questions_Deduct. They do not invent a fifth theta name, a Charge, or a fee Consideration. nie associates with the MeasureP. When the ending is visible, that associate is genitive. The z+GEN Domain stays the book the measure comes from. Reason stays outer z powodu. Payout, guilt, and HAS_ON_BOOKS are systematically missing as default Neg targets. The FIN polar strings below are already printed. The deduct strings are constructed parallels of that negative. Polish has no ли. The polar marker is czy.

Open items

• potrącić productivity. Companion lemma (payroll withhold). Frame and relative productivity against odjąć are scout. No filled string is ranked. Do not invent a geometry that copies FEE obciążyć or that closes FEE’s open Payer. The bound po- is not a second sense. spec
• A second source preposition. Textbook arithmetic odjąć X od+GEN is not ranked beside z+GEN. The ranked Domain is the preposition credit-fin-pl.html already rejects for zapisać. Do not file od+GEN as elicited, and do not star it ungrammatical. spec
• German abbuchen / abziehen. Live at deduct-de.html as the FROM dual of gutschreiben. Opens Group D. Not this page.
• Group D FEE. Stays closed (German, Dutch, Norwegian). This page does not reopen it.
• Group C FIN and FEE. Stay closed. FIN: jóváír, zapisać, записа. FEE: felszámol, таксувам, obciążyć / naliczyć. This page closes Group C deduct beside them.
• Multiple WH. Kto ile ETH z którego rachunku odjął? stays an open cluster flag, parallel to the FIN and ATT pages. Not an elicited ranking.
• Navajo sell. Still deferred. No credit-merit-pl.html. No credit-merit-bg.html.

Corpus filenames

Primary extract is Lexical_Entry_Deduct_Argument_Structure (Parse B, MeasureP, Appl_FROM, Voice filter, decrement e2) plus WH_Movement_Denominations_Deduct and Negative_Questions_Deduct. The Polish clothes are the affirmative of the z+GEN reject already printed on credit-fin-pl.html (*Rada zapisała 0,3 ETH z rachunku), beside the printed FIN affirmative Rada zapisała 0,3 ETH na rachunku and the printed negatives Nie zapisano 0,3 ETH na rachunku and Czy nie zapisali 0,3 ETH na rachunku?. GEN-neg endings are the spell-out already used on that FIN page and on charge-fee-pl.html (tej kwoty, trzech tokenów). FEE, ATT, and blame contrasts are the strings already on those pages. Group C plate: Attribute_GroupC_Larson_Shells (chat 04 · PL GEN-neg on a measuring QP · not HU Focus). Constructed PL frames diagnose packaging. They are not new elicitation. The English deduct page’s odjąć / potrącić note stays unelicited speculation and is not imported as a field interview. Index 2 Payment remains płacić / zapłacić, przelewać / przelać.