attribute_ATT · 归因 / 归因于 (guīyīn / guīyīn yú)

Hierarchy

Same inventory as English attribute_ATT. Not five-place. Not four sisters of one V. Surface count can name the board, the early completion, the contractor, and an outer cause — but the lexicon does not list four co-arguments of √ASCRIBE.

No MeasureP verbal object. Hybrid strings like “30% of the savings” are quantified Charge of ATT, not XFER MeasureP — replaceable by ascribe, not by wire. Degrees that sneak in live on the Abney spine of Charge or of a light noun — Left Branch Condition for sell / pay / charge_FEE does not apply as a verbal diagnostic here.

What Group A Mandarin changes is Case cloth (把 Charge, 于 Target). What it does not change is the inventory. Weather still satisfies Target and fails Judge. Cause-true is still not entailed. Charge and Target still do not invert at Transfer cost. There is no productive DOC of Charge+Target as two bare Themes. There is no with-frame and no for/on alternation (unlike blame).

Mandarin frames · Case clothes

Mandarin packages attribute_ATT without a productive DOC. Under primary 归因 / 归因于, Charge is the post-V / 把 object; Target sits in 于. NegQ under 没 / 没有 tracks the Case object — chat 15: Chinese 把 fronts Charge of ATT (or MeasureP of XFER); same 把, different object under 没. Scout-leaning: 归功于 (positive) and 归咎于 (fault) are listed without a productivity ranking vs 归因于; keep 归咎于 split from blame’s 怪 / 责备 (different ACC object).

1. ✓ 董事会把提前完工归因于承包商。 canonical · 把 Charge · 于 Target
2. ✓ 董事会把延误归因于天气。 weather = Target · fine
3. ✓ 报告把延误归因于航空公司。 document-metonymy Judge · fine
4. ✓ 他们没把提前完工归因于承包商吗？ NegQ · 把 Charge under 没
5. ✓ 把延误归因于天气。 把 fronts Charge of the frame
6. ✓ 提前完工被归因于承包商。 被 fronts Charge · Voice, not Spec,T
7. ✓ Companion scout: 把成功归功于团队。 归功于 · positive polarity · scout ranking
8. ✓ Fault-leaning scout: 把延误归咎于天气。 归咎于 · keep blame split · Charge still ACC
9. ✓ Hybrid quantified Charge: 董事会把百分之三十的节省归因于承包商。 quantified Charge · not XFER MeasureP
10. * 天气没把延误归因于航空公司吗？ weather as Judge
11. * 董事会归因承包商提前完工。 as DOC of Target+Charge no productive DOC
12. * 董事会用提前完工归因承包商。 as with-frame no with-frame (unlike credit_MERIT)
13. * 董事会把承包商归因了提前完工。 as blame cloth (ACC = Target) ACC is Charge, not Target
14. * 把零点三 ETH 归因于每个代理。 as ATT on ledger QP XFER MeasureP · different root · attribute_XFER / credit_FIN

WH / NegQ diagnostics · no MeasureP LBC

Unlike sell / pay_GIVE / charge_FEE / bet / deduct / attribute_XFER, attribute_ATT has no verbal MeasureP. There is therefore no Left-Branch Condition of the Amount-from-Denomination type on √ASCRIBE. Degrees that appear are DP-internal on Charge (hybrid “30% of savings” = quantified Charge).

1. ✓ 谁把延误归因于天气？ WH = Judge
2. ✓ 谁没把延误归因于天气？ WH = Judge · NegQ
3. ✓ 什么被归因于天气？ WH = Charge under 被
4. ✓ 把什么归因于天气？ WH = Charge under 把
5. ✓ 归因于谁？ / 归因于什么？ WH = Target under 于
6. ✓ 没把延误归因于天气吗？ NegQ · 没 over 把-Charge
7. ✓ 把百分之多少的节省归因于承包商？ degree on Charge DP · Abney-side · not verbal MeasureP
8. * 把多少归因了 ETH？ no verbal MeasureP LBC host on ATT
9. * 天气没把什么归因于谁吗？ as weather-Judge WH weather cannot be Judge under WH either
10. * 董事会归因承包商提前完工吗？ as DOC of Target+Charge no Neg-rescued DOC
11. * 承包商被归因了提前完工。 as Target-promoting passive passive promotes Charge, not Target

Superiority ranks Judge > Charge > Target. It does not rank Charge against a silent Purpose, Price, or Theme₂. Cheap NegQ association tracks the Case object of the cloth: Charge under 把…归因于. Target sits inside wrapper-K (于) and is marked for cheap association — same as English to-Target under NegQ.

Geometry · 归因 ≠ 怪 ≠ 归功于-as-MERIT ≠ 入账 ≠ Transfer

In 董事会把提前完工归因于承包商, the board holds that the contractor is the source/cause/author of the early completion. That is ascription, not HAVE of goods and not SWAP of Themes. Early completion is Charge. Contractor is Target. HOLD is an attitude; SOURCE(Target, Charge) is content, not a presupposed fact.

• ≠ English DOC / Transfer invert. There is no productive *董事会归因承包商提前完工 as two bare Themes. Negation does not rescue it. Transfer Themes invert under Romance NegQ; attribute_ATT Charge and Target do not at Transfer cost.
• ≠ blame packaging merge. Shared family (ascribe content) and shared Voice filter; blame writes FAULT polarity with ACC = Target (怪天气，因为延误). attribute_ATT writes general ASCRIBE with ACC = Charge (把延误归因于天气). 归咎于 can lean fault in discourse — keep the Case-object split, do not collapse to blame-zh.
• ≠ credit_MERIT / with-flip. Shared positive-leaning discourse with 归功于; English MERIT has a with-frame that can put Target in ACC. attribute_ATT has no such cloth — Target never becomes Spec,T. Keep MERIT / ATT / FAULT splits on Mandarin packaging.
• ≠ attribute_XFER / credit_FIN. Same English verb form / shared 把 letter; different object under 没. XFER / FIN front MeasureP ⟨n,U⟩ and write book-HAVE; ATT fronts Charge and writes ASCRIBE. Hybrid “30% of savings” stays ATT. Live contrasts: attribute-xfer.html, credit-fin-zh.html.
• ≠ charge_ACCUSE / 控告. Legal / speech-act overlays stay on charge_ACCUSE. ChargeACCUSE Group A: Mandarin 把 is unused for ACCUSE Target. On attribute_ATT, 把 fronts Charge — different cloth.
• Missing defaults. Cause-true and settlement are not entailed. 他们没把延误归因于天气吗？ is compatible with the weather not in fact causing the delay.

English twin pointer (shallow stub): Charge as object, Target as to-PP; no DOC / with / for / on. Spanish / French / Italian Index 2 atribuir / attribuer / attribuire often keep one verb for ATT and XFER — need the inner-relation split even more. Japanese already splits (帰する vs 計上する). Mandarin spells ATT as 归因 / 归因于 with 把-Charge; weather OK as Target, *not* as Judge.

Shells, ApplP, and Case

VoiceP  [ Judgepre-V
  vP / √ASCRIBE
    post-V / 把-fronted   Charge   (归因 / 归因于-frame)
    KP_于                  Target   (于 + DP · wrapper-K, not Path P)
]

把 under 没 (chat 15 · Group A):
  没 + 把 + Charge + 归因于 + Target
  — Charge under ATT; MeasureP under XFER (different root)
  — 把 ≠ outer CAUSE_G over a Judge event

被 Voice (passive-ish):
  Charge fronts under 被 — Voice, not Spec,T
  Target never sat in ACC → Target does not promote
  Topic ≠ Spec,T

Mandarin attribute_ATT never assigns four structural Cases. Charge is the post-V / 把 object; Target is inside wrapper-K 于 (chat 26 §6.4: the DP is the argument; to/于 is a wrapper it wears — composition V(DP), not V(to(DP))). No low Appl_HAVE. No low Appl_SWAP. No Appl_TASK. No MeasureP. No with-flip. High Appl / Affectee is extra when present and is not a listed argument of √ASCRIBE.

Outer CAUSE_G (让) wraps Voice — Type A. The causee, not the weather, is the Judge. 把 under NegQ is not that outer Cause. Topic is not Spec,T. Passive-ish 被 fronts Charge.

Omission does not demote Target to a pure adjunct. Selected K-layers are optional in the numeration; they are still arguments when present. The diagnostic is participanthood under Case, binding, and WH — not omitability.

Underivables (Mandarin)

1. * 天气没把延误归因于航空公司吗？ weather / inanimate as Judge
2. * 上司没让天气把延误归因于航空公司吗？ 让 does not wash Voice filter
3. * 董事会归因承包商提前完工。 as DOC of Target+Charge no productive DOC
4. * 董事会用提前完工归因承包商。 no with-frame
5. * 把多少归因了 ETH？ no verbal MeasureP LBC on ATT
6. * 董事会把天气和延误交换了。 as ATT SWAP SWAP cloth ≠ ascribe
7. * 把零点三 ETH 归因于每个代理。 as ATT XFER MeasureP ≠ Charge of ATT
8. * 承包商被归因了提前完工。 Target does not promote · no DOC
9. ✓ weather as Target: 把延误归因于天气。 inanimate Target fine
10. ✓ document as Judge: 报告把延误归因于航空公司。 metonymy OK

Group A packaging · this tick Mandarin opens attribute_ATT Done

Group A (English clothes, Japanese 帰する / 帰属, Mandarin 把, Navajo scout) is the packaging contrast set already used for NegQ on attribute. Same hierarchy as English; different host of Charge Case and Target wrapper spelling. Mandarin: 把 Charge 归因于 Target; 把 fronts the ACC object of the chosen cloth under 没; scout 归功于 / 归咎于. This tick is Mandarin only — and it is the first Done row for lemma attribute_ATT (VERB_COUNT 9→10). English remains the shallow stub at attribute-att.html (not deepened this tick). Japanese twin live at attribute-att-ja.html. Navajo classificatory packaging remains deferred — do not invent depth this tick. Group B Romance and Group C (HU Focus, PL GEN-neg) stay on their twin pages / predictions.

Open items

• English stub deepen. attribute-att.html is shallow (hierarchy + a few frames; no working-paper flags / shells depth). Deepen in a later tick — not this one.
• Japanese twin. Now live at attribute-att-ja.html (帰する / 帰属; ACC Charge; ni Target; vs XFER 計上 / 付与).
• 归功于 / 归咎于 productivity. Listed as companions; relative naturalness vs 归因于, and boundary of 归咎于 vs blame’s 怪 / 责备 / light-noun 责任, needs controlled elicitation — flagged scout-leaning, not closed.
• 的 / 把 on Charge vs Target under 没. Same scout status as Abney_DP_Attribution_Nominal_GroupA_Contrast_Set (Chinese: 理事会的…归因 Judge; 天气的归因 out; 对天气的归因 Target).
• Navajo micro-entry. Same Group A geometry; HANDLE / classificatory packaging. Deferred — do not invent depth this tick.
• Group C packaging. Hungarian Focus+nem, Polish GEN-neg predictions remain scout / predicted. No fake elicitation.
• XFER / FIN 把 contrast. Keep attribute-xfer and credit-fin-zh as contrast only — same 把 letter, MeasureP object under 没. Do not merge roots.

Corpus filenames

Primary extract for this micro-entry is Group A Chinese packaging on attribute (把 fronts Charge of ATT under 没; chats 15 and 26; lexical ATT vs XFER split; Group A nominal scout 归因). Geometry is shared with the English lexical entry. Plate: Attribute_GroupA_Larson_Shells. INDEX2 Attitude cell absent for ZH.