sell · satmak

Seller, goods, buyer, price · Turkish marking · working claim, revisable

The seller is the subject. The noun, when a line spells one, wears no case suffix. The passive example spells the goods as that subject: Bu kitap. The active sale example spells no seller noun. sattı is the third person. English Wiktionary’s conjugation names ben, sen, and o beside sattım, sattın, and sattı, and prints no clause with those pronouns. Redhouse labels satmak v.a. These subjects take no case ending. There is no ergative on these clauses.

satmak. English Wiktionary: IPA /satˈmak/, hyphenation sat‧mak, third-person aorist satar, transitive, “to sell, to market.” The antonyms listed there are almak and satın almak. The sale example is Bu masayı satacağım, “I will sell this table.” Redhouse’s Turkish–English entry, aorist satar, v.a., glosses the verb “to sell, vend” and then the prate senses. The English–Turkish side glosses Sell as satmak. TDK’s Güncel Türkçe Sözlük, sense 1, tagged -i: Bir malı bir bedel karşılığında alıcıya vermek. The example is Tarık Buğra, Geniş arazisini parselleyip sattı. Turkish Wiktionary’s commerce sense is bir değer karşılığında bir malı alıcıya vermek, with the same Buğra line.

The goods are the direct object, and the lines that print one put it in the accusative. TDK’s tag on the sale sense is -i. The definition’s malı is mal plus -ı. Buğra’s arazisini is the possessed land plus -i, with n between the possessive and that vowel. Wiktionary’s masayı is masa plus y plus ı. Bu makes that table specific. Wiktionary’s accusative suffix -i is illustrated with Kitabı bana ver, glossed “Give me the book.” The goods of the sale lines opened here are specific in that same way: bir malı in the definition, the possessed arazisini, and bu masayı. A bare indefinite goods noun, with no accusative vowel, is unprinted as the object of satmak. Cambridge’s English “The farmer sells milk and eggs” and “do you sell newspapers?” are bare objects. The English–Turkish gloss of those senses is the verb satmak alone. It prints no Turkish object.

The buyer, in the definition, is dative. alıcıya is alıcı plus -ya. Wiktionary’s suffix -e is the dative, with the forms -a, -e, and y before a vowel-final noun. alıcıya is that -ya. TDK’s finite example prints no buyer. Wiktionary’s Bu masayı satacağım prints no buyer. Redhouse prints no buyer. No finite clause of satmak opened here puts a person in the dative. The dative size in the argot line Yanımdakini satamazsam size gelemeyeceğim belongs to gelemeyeceğim. It is not a buyer of satmak.

The price, in the TDK definition, is bir bedel karşılığında. bedel wears no -a and no -e. karşılığında is not the dative suffix Wiktionary glosses as -e. The noun satış, sense 2, repeats that shape: bunun karşılığında bir fiyat, bir değer alınması. bir fiyat is bare. The passive example prints the price-like phrase as altınla and kendi ağırlığında. Wiktionary’s -le is the short form of ile, glossed “with” and “by,” with the forms -la, -le, and y. altınla is that -la. It is not -(y)A. ağırlığında is not -(y)A either. TDK tags satılmak -e and nesnesiz. The example fills neither an -e nor an -a. Cambridge English prints the price as for and as at/for: “I sold my car to him for $600,” “at/for £50 each.” The English–Turkish gloss of sell for/at sth is satılmak; …fiyata gitmek. fiyata is dative -a on fiyat, and the verb of that gloss is gitmek, not satmak. No line opened here prints a sum in -(y)A as the object of satmak or of satılmak. No line prints a buyer dative and a price dative in one clause. beş liraya sattı is unprinted.

satılmak is the passive. English Wiktionary: “passive of satmak: to be sold,” aorist satılır, and the past third person satıldı in the conjugation table. The table prints no clause. TDK, tagged -e, nesnesiz: Satma işi yapılmak; gitmek. Ahmet Kabaklı: Bu kitap, kendi ağırlığında altınla dahi satılsa satan yine zararlı çıkar. Bu kitap is the subject of satılsa. The goods are promoted. satan is the seller, and it is the subject of çıkar, not an agent of the passive. Redhouse’s English–Turkish side glosses saleable as satılır, unsaleable as satılamaz, and disposed of as satılmış. None of those is a clause with an agent. Cambridge English–Turkish glosses one “to be sold” sense as satmak, beside “His book sold well,” and glosses sell for/at as satılmak. TDK’s postposition tarafından is glossed …-ınca, and the example is Dostları tarafından çok sevilmiş bir zattı. English Wiktionary glosses the same postposition “by,” with the same sentence, and gives the government as a genitive pronoun or a nominative noun. No satılmak line opened here prints tarafından. The English page’s Wasn’t Chris sold a lawnmower makes the buyer the subject. No passive line opened here does that.

Where this frame diverges from English sell X to Y for Z. Cambridge prints “[ + two objects ] I sold him my car/I sold my car to him for $600,” and “We’ll be selling the tickets at/for £50 each.” The English page prints Pat sold Chris a lawnmower, Pat sold a lawnmower to Chris, and Wasn’t Chris sold a lawnmower for twenty dollars. The goods are an object. The buyer is a bare first object, or to plus a noun. The price is for, or at/for. The passive can make the buyer the subject. satmak puts the printed goods in the accusative, as English puts them in an object, and the tag writes one object, -i. A bare buyer beside the goods is unprinted. English sold him my car has no pair in these entries. The buyer is alıcıya, dative -(y)A, inside the definition, not a second object and not English to. The price in that definition is karşılığında, and on the passive line it is altınla. A price in the same dative as the buyer would put two -(y)A phrases in one clause. No source opened here prints that clause, and none prints beş liraya sattı. satılmak makes the goods the subject. The agent in tarafından is the postposition entry, on sevilmiş, not on satılmak.