Payer, the thing settled, Amount, creditor · Italian cloth · working claim, revisable
Payer · subject of pagare, saldare, estinguere, versare · Treccani io pago · Hoepli ho pagato · mi ha pagato · a full noun has no case ending
Direct object · the thing paid · Treccani’s payment sense is transitive, and one filling of the object is the thing the sum is owed for: p. l’affitto, p. il conto, p. i debiti · p. le tasse · p. una multa, una fattura · p. il biglietto · Hoepli prints the same object: p. il conto, l’abbonamento, il biglietto d’ingresso, l’affitto, le tasse · Sabatini-Coletti glosses settling an account with p. la bolletta · il conto, la bolletta, and l’affitto are that object
Amount · a bare noun phrase · Treccani’s other filling of the same object is the sum: p. cento euro · p. migliaia di euro per un francobollo raro · the Treccani encyclopedia, under prezzo, says the price complement of pagare and costare is not preceded by a preposition · La grammatica italiana (2012) says the same complement is in forma diretta and prints Per queste scarpe ho pagato 150 euro · Sabatini-Coletti prints the sum as a second bare argument beside the goods: ho pagato la giacca cinquanta euro · 50 euro is not a citation
Creditor · indirect object, beside a thing object · a + noun · clitic gli (to him) / le (to her) · the articles print that dative on the treat line, not on a stacked bill · Hoepli sense 2, offrire a qualcuno qualcosa pagandone il prezzo: mi ha pagato la cena · ti pagherò un caffè · Treccani’s synonym article prints con la prep. a del secondo arg.: p. il pranzo a un gruppo di amici · English Wiktionary prints pagare la cena a qualcuno · mi and ti are the clitics of that a · gli and le are the third-person members of the same series · gli ho pagato il conto and le ho pagato la bolletta reuse that dative on the bill object · those two strings are constructed · the articles print the clitic and the full a + noun in separate strings
Person as direct object · when no thing object is present · Treccani’s third filling of the transitive object is la persona a cui si dà il denaro: p. il padrone di casa · p. il dentista, l’idraulico, il corniciaio · p. i dipendenti · the noun is bare · Sabatini-Coletti prints p. il sarto, la bambinaia · Hoepli prints the accusative clitic of that person: non l’ho ancora pagato · the participle is masculine, so the clitic is lo · la is the feminine pair of that lo, on Sabatini-Coletti’s la bambinaia · non l’ho ancora pagata is constructed · lo / la and gli / le are not the same slot
per · Consideration, on the payment line that prints it · La grammatica italiana Per queste scarpe ho pagato 150 euro · Hai pagato un sacco per quei jeans · Treccani migliaia di euro per un francobollo raro · the sum is what is paid, per is the thing · Treccani quanto pagherei per vederlo guarito and Hoepli pagherei un milione per saperlo are the wish line · pagare 50 euro per la riparazione stacks a bare sum with a Consideration per · constructed
in / con · the means · Treccani p. in contanti · p. con un assegno · Hoepli p. in contanti · Sabatini-Coletti p. qlcu. in contanti, con un assegno · the person stays the object on that last line
saldare · Treccani sense 3: pareggiare il dare e l’avere di un conto, pagare interamente · printed objects: s. un conto · s. un debito · s. una fattura · s. una partita · a creditor in that object is unprinted
estinguere · Treccani: e. un’obbligazione, soddisfarla · e. un debito, un mutuo, pagarlo interamente · the object is the debt or the mortgage · e. un conto (bancario), chiuderlo is a different employment, closing the account · a creditor is unprinted
versare · Treccani sense 2, administrative and commercial: consegnare o depositare una certa somma di denaro · the object is the amount: una somma · l’importo delle tasse · l’anticipo, la prima rata · le somme riscosse · the place is in banca sul proprio libretto di deposito and in segreteria · the person who receives the deposit is a + noun: al cassiere · this is a deposit, not the bill of pagare il conto · the ledger page is creditFIN · accreditare
Where pagare diverges from English pay (a bill). The English page keeps one accusative, the document, and brings the sum back as with or in. A person beside a sum is the sister page payGIVE. Italian pagare prints the bill as a direct object (il conto, l’affitto, la bolletta), and it prints the sum as a bare noun phrase: the object itself (cento euro, 150 euro) or a second bare argument beside the goods (la giacca cinquanta euro). English pay the bill does not make the sum a second bare object beside the document. Beside a thing, the person is an indirect object, a + noun, and the printed clitics of that person are mi and ti (mi ha pagato la cena). English pay the bill does not put that person beside the document, and it has no clitic. When no thing object is present, the person is the direct object, bare, and Hoepli’s clitic is accusative lo (non l’ho ancora pagato). English pay someone matches the bare person. It does not split lo / la from gli / le.
per is not how pay the bill marks the bill. English pay the bill makes the bill the object. English pay for the repair puts the repair under for. Italian prints the bill as the direct object (il conto, la bolletta, l’affitto), and prints per on a different phrase: Per queste scarpe ho pagato 150 euro, with the money bare. in contanti and con un assegno are the means, the English in / with slot. The wish line pagherei per vederlo guarito is not the repair.
saldare takes the debt, not the creditor. Treccani’s objects are un conto, un debito, and una fattura, and the gloss is paying the account entirely. A person in that object, saldare l’idraulico, is unprinted. estinguere takes un debito or un mutuo. versare deposits an amount: the place is sul libretto, and al cassiere is the person who receives the deposit. pagare is the verb that can put the creditor in the indirect object beside a thing, or, with no thing object, in the direct object.